Is Diarrhea a Common Symptom of COVID-19?

Prevalence of Diarrhea in COVID-19:

• Common Symptom: While COVID-19 is primarily known for causing respiratory symptoms such as cough, fever, and shortness of breath, gastrointestinal symptoms, including diarrhea, have also been reported. Studies indicate that diarrhea can occur in approximately 2% to 50% of patients with COVID-19, depending on the population studied and the severity of the disease.
• Timing of Symptoms: Diarrhea may appear early in the course of the illness or later, sometimes even after the resolution of respiratory symptoms. This variability can make it challenging to associate diarrhea directly with COVID-19.

Pathogenesis of Diarrhea

• Viral Impact on the Gut: The SARS-CoV-2 virus, which causes COVID-19, can affect the gastrointestinal tract. The virus can bind to ACE2 receptors present in the intestinal lining, leading to inflammation and disruption of normal gut function. This can result in symptoms such as diarrhea.
• Immune Response: The body’s immune response to the virus can also contribute to gastrointestinal symptoms. Inflammation and changes in gut microbiota may play a role in the development of diarrhea during COVID-19.

Management of Diarrhea

• Hydration: It is important for individuals experiencing diarrhea to stay hydrated, as diarrhea can lead to fluid loss and dehydration. Drinking plenty of fluids, such as water, oral rehydration solutions, or clear broths, is essential.
• Dietary Considerations: Eating a bland diet may help manage symptoms. We used to recommend the bananas, rice, applesauce, and toast (the BRAT diet), but found it is actually better to eat more nutrient-rich foods that are still easy on the stomach and catered to your individual cultural preferences.
• Consulting Healthcare Providers: If diarrhea is severe, persistent, or accompanied by other concerning symptoms (such as high fever or severe abdominal pain), it is important to seek medical attention. Healthcare providers can offer guidance on appropriate management and treatment.