Mastocytosis Quiz

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Redness of the skin

Skin has moles or spots of different colors

Rashes in areas of friction

Red when exposed to the sun

Red spots on skin

Black, blue, or brown spots on the skin or elsewhere

Rashes over sun-exposed areas

Not seeing your symptoms? No worries!

What is Mastocytosis?

Mastocytosis happens when there are too many mast cells, which are part of the immune system, in the body. It can affect the skin or other body parts. It's usually caused by a non-inherited genetic mutation and affects both genders equally. Mastocytosis attacks can be triggered by skin friction, physical activity, insect bites, stress, alcohol, certain foods, and medications.

Typical Symptoms of Mastocytosis

Diagnostic Questions for Mastocytosis

Your doctor may ask these questions to check for this disease:

  • Is your whole body red?
  • Are there black, blue, or brown spots on your skin? (Including moles)
  • Do you have multiple red areas or spots on your skin?
  • Do you have itchy skin?
  • Does your skin get red from friction or irritation?

Treatment of Mastocytosis

People with mastocytosis should avoid triggers. Treatment options include medications to lessen symptoms or ultraviolet light therapy. Since there's a higher risk of a severe allergic reaction (anaphylactic shock), they should carry an EpiPen (injectable epinephrine).

Reviewed By:

Caroline M. Doan, DO

Caroline M. Doan, DO (Internal Medicine)

Dr. Doan received a Bachelor of Science degree with honors from UCLA. Prior to obtaining her medical degree, she was involved in oncology clinical research at City of Hope, a National Cancer Institute-designated comprehensive cancer center in southern California. She attended medical school at Touro University California, and completed her residency in Internal Medicine at Oregon Health & Science University. She is certified by the American Board of Internal Medicine and holds an active medical license in several states. She currently works as a physician for Signify Health providing home-based health care.

Yuta Sasaoka, MD

Yuta Sasaoka, MD (Pediatrics)

Dr. Sasaoka graduated from the Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine. After working in the Department of Pediatrics at Hakodate Municipal Hospital, the Emergency Center at Hakodate Municipal Hospital, and the Department of Emergency Medicine at Tokyo Metropolitan Children's General Medical Center, he joined the Sapporo Medical University Advanced Emergency Medical Center in April 2020. Dr. Sasaoka is well versed in pediatric emergency medicine, covering a wide range of pediatrics and emergency medicine. He is also a certified AHA-PALS instructor and focuses on pediatric secondary life support education at the Hokkaido Training Site.

From our team of 50+ doctors

Content updated on Mar 31, 2024

Following the Medical Content Editorial Policy

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Symptoms Related to Mastocytosis

Diseases Related to Mastocytosis

FAQs

Q.

Reacting to Everything? Why Your Cells Overreact: MCAS Next Steps

A.

MCAS can make your body seem to react to everything because overactive mast cells release excess inflammatory chemicals, causing multi-system symptoms like flushing, gut distress, rapid heart rate, breathing issues, brain fog, and sometimes anaphylaxis. Next steps include seeing a knowledgeable clinician, tracking symptoms and triggers, cautious trigger reduction, and evidence-based treatments such as H1 and H2 antihistamines, mast cell stabilizers, leukotriene inhibitors, and carrying epinephrine for high-risk cases, with urgent care for breathing trouble, throat swelling, fainting, or chest pain. There are several factors to consider, including diagnostic criteria, lab testing, related conditions, and what to avoid, so see below for complete guidance that can affect your healthcare decisions.

References:

* Weinstock LB, Pace LA, Rezaie A, Afrin LB. Mast Cell Activation Syndrome: A Review of Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, and Treatment. Int J Gen Med. 2021;14:8121-8131. doi:10.2147/IJGM.S343905. PMID: 34887693.

* Akin C, Scott LM, Van Dyke T, et al. Diagnosis and management of mast cell activation syndrome: A consensus opinion. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2022;150(1):47-59.e4. doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2022.04.032. PMID: 35598971.

* Molderings GJ, Brettner S, Homann J, Afrin LB. Mast cell activation syndrome: Proposed diagnostic criteria and clinical assessment. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2017;5(6):1551-1563.e4. doi:10.1016/j.jacip.2017.06.013. PMID: 28720448.

* Valent P, Akin C, Hartmann K, et al. Systemic Mastocytosis and Mast Cell Activation Syndrome: The Role of Tryptase in Diagnosis and Differential Diagnosis. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2022;10(11):2824-2834.e3. doi:10.1016/j.jacip.2022.08.016. PMID: 36152865.

* Afrin LB, Molderings GJ, Muratori L, et al. Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS): An Expanding Disease Spectrum. Clin Ther. 2020;42(8):1412-1422. doi:10.1016/j.clinthera.2020.06.007. PMID: 32675037.

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Q.

Always Reacting? Why Mast Cell Activation Syndrome Happens and Medically Approved Next Steps

A.

Mast cell activation syndrome is an immune dysregulation where normal mast cells release mediators like histamine inappropriately, leading to multisystem symptoms and flares triggered by foods, temperature shifts, stress, fragrances, or medications. Diagnosis usually combines recurrent multi organ symptoms, lab evidence of mediator release such as elevated tryptase during flares, and response to blocker medications, with care plans focused on H1 and H2 antihistamines, cromolyn, leukotriene modifiers, trigger reduction, epinephrine for anaphylaxis risk, and urgent care for severe reactions; there are several factors to consider, so see below for key details that can shape your next steps.

References:

* Molderings, G. J., Brettner, S., Homann, J., & Menne, J. (2021). Mast cell activation disease: a concise practical guide for diagnostic workup and therapeutic treatment. *Journal of Translational Medicine*, 19(1), 514.

* Valent, P., Akin, C., Hartmann, K., Brock, I., Castells, M., Donati, D., ... & Theoharides, T. C. (2012). Mast cell activation syndrome: Clinical criteria and differential diagnosis. *International Archives of Allergy and Immunology*, 157(3), 215-225.

* Theoharides, T. C., Valent, P., & Akin, C. (2015). Mast cells, mastocytosis, and related disorders. *New England Journal of Medicine*, 373(2), 164-172.

* Afrin, L. B., P. B., & P. B., M. (2017). Diagnosis and management of mast cell activation syndrome: an update. *European Journal of Clinical Investigation*, 47(1), e12666.

* Weinstock, L. B., Brook, J. B., Kieling, R., & Afrin, L. B. (2021). Mast Cell Activation Syndrome: A Case Series of 100 Patients with Clinical and Laboratory Features. *Journal of Clinical Medicine*, 10(17), 3843.

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Ubie is supervised by 50+ medical experts worldwide

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Maxwell J. Nanes, DO

Maxwell J. Nanes, DO

Emergency Medicine

Waukesha Memorial Hospital, Waukesha Wisconsin, USA

Caroline M. Doan, DO

Caroline M. Doan, DO

Internal Medicine

Signify Health

Benjamin Kummer, MD

Benjamin Kummer, MD

Neurology, Clinical Informatics

Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai

Charles Carlson, DO, MS

Charles Carlson, DO, MS

Psychiatry

U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs

Dale Mueller, MD

Dale Mueller, MD

Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery

Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery Associates

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Ravi P. Chokshi, MD

Obstetrics and gynecology

Penn State Health

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References