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Published on: 3/5/2025

Can Depression Cause Memory Loss?

Depression can affect how well a person remembers things, causing memory problems in some people.

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Explanation

When someone feels very sad or depressed for a long time, it can make it hard for them to focus and pay attention. Without good focus, their memory might not work as well. Researchers have found that people who are depressed often say that their memory is not as good as it used to be, especially when they are thinking about negative situations. This can happen because depression may change the way the brain works, affecting the parts that help us learn and remember. Studies looking at many people have shown that depression is linked to trouble with remembering things, no matter the age. In many cases, the more severe the depression, the more a person might struggle with memory. It is important to know that not everyone with depression has these memory problems, but for some, it can be a noticeable challenge. Being aware of how depression can affect memory can help doctors and patients work together to find the best ways to feel better and improve memory at the same time.

(References)

  • Schweizer S, Kievit RA, Emery T; Cam-CAN; Henson RN. Symptoms of depression in a large healthy population cohort are related to subjective memory complaints and memory performance in negative contexts. Psychol Med. 2018 Jan;48(1):104-114. doi: 10.1017/S0033291717001519. Epub 2017 Jun 19. PMID: 28625188; PMCID: PMC5729845.

  • Morimoto SS, Kanellopoulos D, Alexopoulos GS. Cognitive Impairment in Depressed Older Adults: Implications for Prognosis and Treatment. Psychiatr Ann. 2014 Mar 1;44(3):138-142. doi: 10.3928/00485713-20140306-05. PMID: 25821256; PMCID: PMC4376269.

  • James TA, Weiss-Cowie S, Hopton Z, Verhaeghen P, Dotson VM, Duarte A. Depression and episodic memory across the adult lifespan: A meta-analytic review. Psychol Bull. 2021 Nov;147(11):1184-1214. doi: 10.1037/bul0000344. PMID: 35238585; PMCID: PMC9464351.

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