Published on: 4/28/2025
Brain fog in COVID-19 patients often starts during the early recovery phase from the virus—usually a few weeks after symptoms begin—and may persist for months in some cases.
Studies have found that brain fog can appear in different ways in people with COVID-19. Many patients notice problems with thinking, memory, or staying focused right after they start to feel better from the main symptoms of COVID-19. This means that brain fog may show up as early as one to three weeks after the virus first makes a person sick. Some patients feel it alongside the usual sickness, while others only notice it once they are recovering. In some cases, brain fog continues for a long time and becomes part of what people call “long COVID.” Researchers have seen that the timing of brain fog can vary. For some, it starts early in the recovery phase; for others, it develops slowly over time. The common thread is that many people experience this mental cloudiness during the weeks after the infection. Understanding this timing helps doctors and patients know when to watch for these problems so they can work together on strategies to help improve mental clarity and overall well-being.
(References)
Sia AL, Neo JE, Jen-Wei Tan B, Tan EK. "Brain fog" and COVID-19. Am J Med Sci. 2023 May;365(5):472-474. doi: 10.1016/j.amjms.2023.01.003. Epub 2023 Jan 9. PMID: 36632867; PMCID: PMC9827745.
Chasco EE, Dukes K, Jones D, Comellas AP, Hoffman RM, Garg A. Brain Fog and Fatigue following COVID-19 Infection: An Exploratory Study of Patient Experiences of Long COVID. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Nov 23;19(23):15499. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192315499. PMID: 36497573; PMCID: PMC9737348.
Cristillo V, Pilotto A, Piccinelli SC, Gipponi S, Leonardi M, Bezzi M, Padovani A. Predictors of "brain fog" 1 year after COVID-19 disease. Neurol Sci. 2022 Oct;43(10):5795-5797. doi: 10.1007/s10072-022-06285-4. Epub 2022 Aug 5. PMID: 35930181; PMCID: PMC9361921
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