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Published on: 4/7/2025

What Might Cause Sudden Extreme Fatigue in the Elderly?

Sudden extreme fatigue in the elderly can come from health issues like infections, anemia, heart or lung problems, or from poor nutrition and medication side effects. It's important to see a doctor to find out why you’re feeling so tired.

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Explanation

As we get older, many changes can make us feel extremely tired all of a sudden. In older adults, one common cause of extreme fatigue is an infection or illness, which makes the body work harder to fight off germs. Anemia—a condition where there aren’t enough red blood cells to carry oxygen—can also lead to severe tiredness. Heart and lung conditions, such as heart failure or chronic lung diseases, put extra stress on the body and can make you feel exhausted. Additionally, poor nutrition or problems with how the body absorbs food can leave you without enough energy. Sometimes, the medications you take can cause tiredness as a side effect. Aging itself brings changes like loss of muscle mass and lower energy levels, which might worsen fatigue. Because there can be many reasons for sudden and extreme fatigue in the elderly, it’s important to discuss these symptoms with your healthcare provider so they can run tests and determine the cause. Early identification of the problem can lead to proper treatment, helping to improve overall well-being and quality of life.

(References)

  • Hardy SE, Studenski SA. Fatigue predicts mortality in older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2008 Oct;56(10):1910-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2008.01957.x. Epub 2008 Sep 22. PMID: 18811604; PMCID: PMC2596279.

  • Azzolino D, Arosio B, Marzetti E, Calvani R, Cesari M. Nutritional Status as a Mediator of Fatigue and Its Underlying Mechanisms in Older People. Nutrients. 2020 Feb 10;12(2):444. doi: 10.3390/nu12020444. PMID: 32050677; PMCID: PMC7071235.

  • Maisel P, Baum E, Donner-Banzhoff N. Fatigue as the Chief Complaint–Epidemiology, Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2021 Aug 23;118(33-34):566-576. doi: 10.3238/arztebl.m2021.0192. PMID: 34196270; PMCID: PMC8579431.

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