What can be done to relieve extreme nipple pain while breastfeeding?

Extreme nipple pain during breastfeeding is not normal and often signals a problem that can usually be corrected. Common causes and solutions include:

Poor latch or positioning: A shallow latch can cause intense pain. Work with a lactation consultant to adjust the baby’s position and latch technique. Cracked or damaged skin: Use nipple-safe moisturizers like purified lanolin or hydrogel pads for relief. Thrush (yeast infection): If nipples are burning, shiny, or itchy, and baby has white patches in the mouth, both may need antifungal treatment. Vasospasm: Sharp, shooting pain or color changes in the nipple (white or purple) may indicate blood vessel spasms. Warm compresses and avoiding cold exposure can help. Tongue tie or oral restriction in baby: These issues can affect latch and lead to persistent nipple pain.

To manage pain at home:

Apply breast milk to nipples after feeding and let it air-dry—it has natural healing properties. Use cold compresses between feeds to reduce soreness and inflammation. Start feeds on the less painful side if one nipple is more affected. Allow time for healing by pumping occasionally to rest the nipples, if recommended.

If pain is severe or doesn’t improve, seek help from a healthcare provider or certified lactation consultant. Relief is possible with the right support.