What are the signs of a focal seizure?

Focal seizures (also called partial seizures) begin in a specific area of the brain. Signs vary depending on the area affected, but may include:

Motor symptoms: Twitching, jerking, or stiffening of muscles in one part of the body, like an arm or leg. Sensory symptoms: Tingling, numbness, unusual smells, tastes, or visual changes. Autonomic symptoms: Changes in heart rate, sweating, or stomach upset. Altered awareness: The person may seem confused, dazed, or have difficulty responding but not fully lose consciousness. Emotional changes: Sudden feelings of fear, anxiety, or déjà vu.

Focal seizures may progress to involve both sides of the brain, leading to generalized seizures. Medical evaluation is important for diagnosis and treatment.