Is there a genetic component to endometriosis?

Reviewed by Yoshinori Abe, MD

Internal Medicine

Endometriosis does have a genetic component and can run in families. Research shows that women with a first-degree relative (such as a mother, sister, or daughter) diagnosed with endometriosis are 5 to 7 times more likely to develop the condition themselves. While no single "endometriosis gene" has been identified, scientists have linked multiple genetic variants to increased risk, suggesting the disease is influenced by a combination of inherited traits and environmental factors.

If you have a family history of endometriosis or are experiencing symptoms like pelvic pain, heavy periods, or pain during intercourse, understanding your risk early is key. Because symptoms often overlap with other conditions and diagnosis can take years, taking a free, instant, online symptom check can help you clarify what you're experiencing and guide your next steps—whether that's a conversation with your doctor or further evaluation.

Reviewed for medical accuracy: 07/15/2026

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Explanation

Endometriosis is a condition where tissue similar to the lining inside the uterus grows outside of it. Research shows that genetics can play a role in endometriosis, meaning if someone in your family has it, you may be more likely to have it too.

Family Connection: Studies indicate that endometriosis can be more common in families, suggesting a genetic link. This means if your mother or sister has endometriosis, your chances of having it may be higher.
Genetic Studies: Scientists have studied the genes of women with endometriosis and found certain genetic markers that are more common in those with the condition. These markers help researchers understand how endometriosis develops and can lead to better treatments in the future.
Complex Factors: While genetics is important, it's not the only factor. Other things like hormones and the environment also play a role in causing endometriosis.

Understanding the genetic component of endometriosis helps in recognizing the risk and exploring new ways to manage and treat the condition. If you're experiencing symptoms that concern you, take our free AI symptom checker to get personalized insights about your health.

(References)

Rahmioglu N, Montgomery GW, & Zondervan KT. (2015). Genetics of endometriosis. Women's health (London, England), 26441051.
Bischoff F, & Simpson JL. (2004). Genetic basis of endometriosis. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 15731320.
Rahmioglu N, Mortlock S, Ghiasi M, Møller PL, Stefansdottir L, Galarneau G, et al. (2023). The genetic basis of endometriosis and comorbidity with .... Nature genetics, 36914876.

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