Why Is the Left Side of the Stomach Bigger Than the Right?

Reviewed by Suo Lee, MD

Internal Medicine

The left side of your stomach is naturally larger than the right due to normal left-right asymmetry during embryonic gut development.

Explanation

During embryonic development, the gut undergoes a complex process called asymmetric morphogenesis, which creates its characteristic shape and curvature. In the case of the stomach, this means that the left side (which forms most of the greater curvature) expands more than the right side. This left-right asymmetry is driven by differential cellular growth, rotation, and the expression of specific genetic and molecular signals that guide the development of the gastrointestinal tract. As a result, in a normally developed stomach, the left side appears larger, and this is entirely normal anatomically. The process ensures that the stomach has an optimal shape for holding and mixing food, which is necessary for efficient digestion.

(References)

Davis A, Amin NM, Johnson C, Bagley K, Ghashghaei HT, Nascone-Yoder N. Stomach curvature is generated by left-right asymmetric gut morphogenesis. Development. 2017 Apr 15;144(8):1477-1483. doi: 10.1242/dev.143701. Epub 2017 Feb 27. PMID: 28242610; PMCID: PMC5399665.
Grzymkowski J, Wyatt B, Nascone-Yoder N. The twists and turns of left-right asymmetric gut morphogenesis. Development. 2020 Oct 12;147(19):dev187583. doi: 10.1242/dev.187583. PMID: 33046455; PMCID: PMC7578356.
Chaudhry SR, Liman MNP, Omole AE, et al. Anatomy, Abdomen and Pelvis: Stomach. [Updated 2024 Jul 17]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482334/

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