Published on: 11/18/2024
Leukemia can have early symptoms, but they are often vague and easily mistaken for other common illnesses such as a cold or flu. This makes early diagnosis challenging, highlighting the importance of seeking medical attention if symptoms persist or worsen.
Leukemia, a cancer of the blood and bone marrow, disrupts the normal production of blood cells. This disruption can lead to a variety of symptoms, some of which may appear early in the disease course.
Early symptoms of leukemia often mimic those of a common cold or flu. These can include fatigue, weakness, unexplained weight loss, fever, night sweats, and frequent infections. Bone pain, particularly in the legs or back, can also be an early sign, although it's less common. Easy bruising or bleeding, such as nosebleeds or bleeding gums, may also occur due to the reduced production of platelets.
The challenge with early leukemia symptoms is their non-specificity. Because these symptoms can be attributed to various other conditions, they often go unnoticed or are dismissed as minor ailments. This can delay diagnosis and treatment.
While experiencing these symptoms doesn't necessarily mean you have leukemia, it's crucial to seek medical attention if they persist, worsen, or are accompanied by other unusual symptoms. A doctor can perform the necessary tests, usually blood tests first, to confirm or rule out leukemia. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are essential for improving outcomes in leukemia.
(References)
Shephard EA, Neal RD, Rose PW, Walter FM, Hamilton W. Symptoms of adult chronic and acute leukaemia before diagnosis: large primary care case-control studies using electronic records. Br J Gen Pract. 2016 Mar;66(644):e182-8. doi: 10.3399/bjgp16X683989. PMID: 26917658; PMCID: PMC4758497.
Lan X, Wu J, Liao Z, Wu Y, Hu R. Prevalence of symptoms in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Cancer. 2023 Nov 15;23(1):1113. doi: 10.1186/s12885-023-11581-z. PMID: 37968600; PMCID: PMC10648628.
Chennamadhavuni A, Lyengar V, Mukkamalla SKR, Shimanovsky A. Leukemia. 2023 Jan 17. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan–. PMID: 32809325.
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Kenji Taylor, MD
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