What Could Cause Pain on the Outside of the Ankle?

Common Causes of Lateral Ankle Pain

Pain on the outside of the ankle, also known as lateral ankle pain, can arise from several conditions:

• Ankle Sprains: One of the most common causes of pain on the outside of the ankle is a sprain, which occurs when the ligaments that support the ankle are stretched or torn. This often happens during activities that involve twisting or rolling the ankle.
• Lateral Ligament Injury: The lateral ligaments, particularly the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL), can be injured during ankle sprains. Damage to these ligaments can cause pain, swelling, and instability in the ankle.
• Peroneal Tendon Injury: The peroneal tendons run along the outside of the ankle and help stabilize the foot. Injury or inflammation of these tendons can lead to pain on the outer side of the ankle.
• Osteoarthritis: Degenerative changes in the ankle joint can lead to pain and stiffness, particularly on the outside of the ankle. This is more common in older adults or those with a history of ankle injuries.
• Fractures: A fracture of the fibula (the smaller bone on the outside of the lower leg) or other bones around the ankle can cause significant pain and swelling. This is often associated with trauma or a fall.

Other Contributing Factors

In addition to the above conditions, other factors can contribute to pain on the outside of the ankle:

• Tendonitis: Inflammation of the tendons around the ankle can lead to pain, particularly with movement. This can occur due to overuse or repetitive activities.
• Bursitis: Inflammation of the bursae (small fluid-filled sacs that reduce friction) around the ankle can cause localized pain and swelling.
• Nerve Compression: Conditions that compress nerves in the ankle or foot can lead to pain, tingling, or numbness in the outer ankle area.

When to Seek Medical Attention

If you experience persistent or severe pain on the outside of the ankle, especially if it is accompanied by swelling, bruising, or difficulty bearing weight, it is important to seek medical attention. Fever can also be indicative a more serious cause of joint pain. A healthcare provider can perform a thorough evaluation, which may include imaging studies, to determine the underlying cause and recommend appropriate treatment.