Published on: 3/5/2025
A feeling of fullness in the rectal area can happen if the rectum is larger than normal or if the nerve endings in the rectum do not sense fullness the way they usually do.
When the rectum feels full, it might be because the rectum has become enlarged or is holding more stool than usual. In some people, the normal process of filling the rectum can cause a strong feeling of fullness when the rectum is bigger. The rectum normally holds stool until you are ready to go to the bathroom, and when it fills up, nerves send a message that you need to defecate. However, if these nerves, which help you sense the fullness, are not functioning normally —a condition known as rectal hyposensitivity—you might notice unusual or stronger sensations of fullness even if the amount of stool is not large. Other factors, such as the way stool moves in the colon and rectum, can also influence this feeling. If this sensation is bothersome and/or associated with other symptoms, it is good to talk with a doctor.
(References)
Verkuijl SJ, Trzpis M, Broens PMA. Normal Rectal Filling Sensations in Patients with an Enlarged Rectum. Dig Dis Sci. 2019 May;64(5):1312-1319. doi: 10.1007/s10620-018-5201-6. Epub 2018 Jul 12. PMID: 30003387; PMCID: PMC6548060.
Mawer S, Alhawaj AF. Physiology, Defecation. [Updated 2023 Nov 13]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK539732/
Burgell RE, Scott SM. Rectal hyposensitivity. J Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2012 Oct;18(4):373-84. doi: 10.5056/jnm.2012.18.4.373. Epub 2012 Oct 9. PMID: 23105997; PMCID: PMC3479250.
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