What are the characteristics of a tonic seizure?

Tonic seizures involve an abrupt increase in muscle tone, meaning the muscles suddenly become stiff. Key features include:

Sudden onset: The person may suddenly become rigid and fall if standing. Muscle stiffening: This typically affects the arms, legs, and back, and may cause the person to extend or bend sharply. Short duration: Most tonic seizures last only a few seconds, often under 20. Impaired awareness: Some people may lose consciousness, while others remain aware but cannot respond. Common during sleep: Tonic seizures often occur at night but can happen during the day as well. Injury risk: Sudden stiffening can lead to falls, so safety precautions are important.

These seizures are often seen in people with epilepsy syndromes like Lennox-Gastaut. If you suspect tonic seizures, a healthcare provider can help with diagnosis and treatment.