Why are there vertical lines forming on my fingernails?

Reviewed by Yoshinori Abe, MD

Internal Medicine

Vertical lines on fingernails, often called longitudinal ridges, are thin raised streaks running from the cuticle to the tip of the nail. In most cases, these ridges are a normal sign of aging, similar to wrinkles on the skin. However, they can sometimes signal underlying health issues such as rheumatoid arthritis, thyroid disorders, iron-deficiency anemia, or vitamin deficiencies.

Because vertical nail ridges can stem from something as harmless as aging or point to a treatable medical condition, it's worth understanding what your body may be trying to tell you. Take a free, instant, online symptom check to explore possible causes and get clear guidance on your next steps.

Reviewed for medical accuracy: 07/15/2026

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Explanation

Vertical lines on your fingernails are called ridges and can appear for different reasons. As people get older, these ridges can become more noticeable, which is a normal part of aging. However, sometimes these lines might be linked to health issues.

Natural Aging: As you age, your nails may develop vertical ridges due to changes in the nail's growth.
Health Conditions: Conditions like osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis can also affect nails, including causing ridges.

If you notice other symptoms or changes in your nails, like color changes or pain, you can use a free AI symptom checker to help identify potential causes and determine if you should consult a healthcare professional about any underlying health issues.

(References)

Lipner SR, & Scher RK. (2016). Evaluation of nail lines: Color and shape hold clues. Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine, 27168515.
Cutolo M, Cimmino MA, & Accardo S. (1990). Nail involvement in osteoarthritis. Clinical rheumatology, 2390855.
Michel C, Cribier B, Sibilia J, Kuntz JL, & Grosshans E. (1997). Nail abnormalities in rheumatoid arthritis. The British journal of dermatology, 9470915.

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