Drug-Induced Hypersensitivity Syndrome Quiz
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Fatigued
Have a fever
Rashes
Simultaneous onset of fever and rash
Lymph swollen
There is a dry bumpy rash on the skin
Not seeing your symptoms? No worries!
What is Drug-Induced Hypersensitivity Syndrome?
Drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome, also known as drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), is a severe reaction to a drug marked by fever, rash, and multiorgan failure. It can happen between 1-8 weeks after taking the drug. Drugs that most often cause DRESS include certain anti-seizure medications like carbamazepine, phenytoin, and phenobarbital, as well as allopurinol, which is used for gout.
Typical Symptoms of Drug-Induced Hypersensitivity Syndrome
- Taking medication for seizures or epilepsy
- Skin over the entire body is red
- Swollen lymph nodes that persist and grew larger over several weeks
- Fever
- Swollen lymph nodes or lumps in the neck, armpits, groin, or behind the ears
- Skin problem on the chest, tummy or back
- Skin rashes with tiny bumps
- Rashes or fever, 2 to 6 weeks after starting a new medication
Diagnostic Questions for Drug-Induced Hypersensitivity Syndrome
Your doctor may ask these questions to check for this disease:
- Are you on seizure medication?
- Is your whole body red?
- Do your swollen lymph node persist and grew larger over several weeks?
- Do you have a fever?
- Do you have any swollen lymph nodes or lumps in your neck, armpits, groin, or behind your ears?
Treatment of Drug-Induced Hypersensitivity Syndrome
Treatment involves immediately stopping the drug causing the reaction, followed by close monitoring and supportive care. In serious cases, doctors may prescribe systemic corticosteroids to reduce inflammation.
Reviewed By:
Kenji Taylor, MD, MSc (Family Medicine, Primary Care)
Dr. Taylor is a Japanese-African American physician who grew up and was educated in the United States but spent a considerable amount of time in Japan as a college student, working professional and now father of three. After graduating from Brown, he worked in finance first before attending medical school at Penn. He then completed a fellowship with the Centers for Disease Control before going on to specialize in Family and Community Medicine at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) where he was also a chief resident. After a faculty position at Stanford, he moved with his family to Japan where he continues to see families on a military base outside of Tokyo, teach Japanese residents and serve remotely as a medical director for Roots Community Health Center. He also enjoys editing and writing podcast summaries for Hippo Education.
Yuta Sasaoka, MD (Pediatrics)
Dr. Sasaoka graduated from the Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine. After working in the Department of Pediatrics at Hakodate Municipal Hospital, the Emergency Center at Hakodate Municipal Hospital, and the Department of Emergency Medicine at Tokyo Metropolitan Children's General Medical Center, he joined the Sapporo Medical University Advanced Emergency Medical Center in April 2020. Dr. Sasaoka is well versed in pediatric emergency medicine, covering a wide range of pediatrics and emergency medicine. He is also a certified AHA-PALS instructor and focuses on pediatric secondary life support education at the Hokkaido Training Site.
Content updated on Feb 19, 2025
Following the Medical Content Editorial Policy
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Link to full study:
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.08.29.24312810v1References
Hama N, Abe R, Gibson A, Phillips EJ (2022). Drug-Induced Hypersensitivity Syndrome (DIHS)/Drug Reaction With Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS): Clinical Features and Pathogenesis. The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35176506/Wei BM, Fox LP, Kaffenberger BH, Korman AM, Micheletti RG, Mostaghimi A, Noe MH, Rosenbach M, Shinkai K, Kwah JH, Phillips EJ, Bolognia JL, Damsky W, Nelson CA (2021). Drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome/drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms. Part I. Epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinicopathological features, and prognosis. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37516359/Shiohara T, Mizukawa Y (2019). Drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DiHS)/drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS): An update in 2019. Allergology international : official journal of the Japanese Society of Allergology.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31000444/