What Are the Possible Causes of a Hard Lump on the Anus, and Should It Be Biopsied?

A hard lump near the anus might be a sign of different issues. Some lumps are benign, meaning they are not dangerous. However, certain causes can include premalignant changes or even cancers like squamous cell carcinoma of the anal margin. These lumps may be hard because of changes in the skin or underlying tissues. Doctors pay close attention to lumps that seem unusual, are growing, or have irregular features since they can be a sign of a serious condition. A biopsy is a process where a small piece of tissue is removed from the lump and examined under a microscope. This test helps the doctor decide if the lump is benign or if it might be a premalignant or malignant lesion. If you notice a hard lump or any changes around the anus, it is important to have it evaluated by a healthcare professional. They can decide if a biopsy or other tests are needed to guide the best treatment and ensure your health is protected.