How is endometriosis diagnosed by healthcare professionals?

Reviewed by Yoshinori Abe, MD

Internal Medicine

Endometriosis is diagnosed through a combination of symptom evaluation, imaging tests, and sometimes surgery. Doctors typically begin by reviewing symptoms such as pelvic pain, painful periods, and pain during intercourse. A pelvic exam may follow to check for cysts or scars. Imaging tests like ultrasound or MRI can help identify endometrial tissue, though laparoscopy remains the gold standard for definitive diagnosis.

Because symptoms of endometriosis often overlap with other conditions, many people go years without a proper diagnosis. If you're experiencing concerning symptoms, understanding them early can make a meaningful difference in your care journey. Take a free, instant, online symptom check to better understand what may be causing your symptoms and get guidance on next steps.

Reviewed for medical accuracy: 07/15/2026

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Explanation

Endometriosis is a condition where tissue similar to the lining inside the uterus grows outside of it. Diagnosing endometriosis can be challenging because symptoms can vary widely.

Steps to Diagnose Endometriosis:

Symptom Evaluation: Doctors first ask about symptoms, such as pain and menstrual irregularities. If you're experiencing concerning symptoms, you can start by using a free AI symptom checker to help identify potential causes before your doctor's appointment.
Imaging Tests: Ultrasounds or MRIs can help visualize the reproductive organs, but they cannot confirm endometriosis.
Surgical Diagnosis: The most definitive way to diagnose endometriosis is through a procedure called laparoscopy. This is a minor surgery where a camera is inserted into the pelvis to look for endometrial tissue.

Doctors use these methods to understand the extent of the condition and decide on the best treatment options. While imaging tests can suggest endometriosis, surgery is often needed to be sure.

(References)

Spaczynski RZ, & Duleba AJ. (2003). Diagnosis of endometriosis. Seminars in reproductive medicine, 12917789.
Hsu AL, Khachikyan I, & Stratton P. (2010). Invasive and noninvasive methods for the diagnosis of .... Clinical obstetrics and gynecology, 20436318.
Mounsey AL, Wilgus A, & Slawson DC. (2006). Diagnosis and management of endometriosis. American family physician, 16939179.

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