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Published on: 7/21/2026

What medications interfere with birth control pills?

Certain medications can reduce the effectiveness of birth control pills. These include specific antibiotics (like rifampin), anti-seizure drugs (such as phenytoin, carbamazepine, and topiramate), some HIV medications, and herbal supplements like St. John's Wort. If you take any of these alongside oral contraceptives, you may be at higher risk of unintended pregnancy.

Because drug interactions vary from person to person, it's important to understand your individual risk. A free, instant online symptom check can help you evaluate any concerning symptoms, identify possible causes, and guide your next steps—whether that's speaking with your doctor about a backup contraceptive method or exploring alternative options. Taking a few minutes now could save you from bigger concerns later.

Reviewed for medical accuracy: 07/20/2026

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Explanation

Certain medications can interfere with the effectiveness of birth control pills. This means they might make the pill not work as well to prevent pregnancy. Here are some types of medications that can cause this:

  • Antibiotics: Some antibiotics can affect how your body processes birth control pills. It's important to talk to your doctor if you're prescribed antibiotics.

  • Anti-seizure medications: These are used to treat epilepsy and other conditions, but some can also reduce the effectiveness of birth control pills.

  • Herbal supplements: St. John's Wort is a common herbal supplement that can interfere with birth control pills.

It's important to always tell your healthcare provider about all the medications and supplements you are taking. They can help you find the best way to stay protected against pregnancy while taking these medications. If you're experiencing unusual symptoms or have concerns about potential medication interactions, try our free AI symptom checker to better understand what might be happening with your body before your next doctor's visit.

(References)

  • Fazio A. (1991). Oral contraceptive drug interactions: important considerations. Southern medical journal, 1882277.

  • Back DJ, & Orme ML. (1990). Pharmacokinetic drug interactions with oral contraceptives. Clinical pharmacokinetics, 2191822.

  • Fotherby K. (1990). Interactions with oral contraceptives. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 2256524.

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