Irregular Periods
Free Symptom Checker
with Physician-supervised AI
Worried about your symptoms?
Start the Irregular Periods test with our free AI Symptom Checker.
This will help us personalize your assessment.
By starting the symptom checker, you agree to the Privacy Policy and Terms of Use
Try one of these related symptoms.
Irregular periods
Absent periods
Menstrual delay
Two periods in one month
Periods occurring more frequently than 24 days
Periods occurring too frequently
Menstrual disorder
Menstruation has not occured
No periods for the past few months
Menstruation stopped
Infrequent periods (fewer than 6-8 a year)
Late period
About the Symptom
Irregular periods mean that the timing of them is irregular and unpredictable. The normal length of the menstrual cycle is typically between 21 and 35 days. A normal menstrual period generally lasts up to 7 days. If the time between periods varies significantly, then it is considered abnormal.
When to See a Doctor
Seek professional care if you experience any of the following symptoms
- sweating
- Recent weight loss
- Edema
- Altered mental status (delirium)
- Muscle weakness in the limbs
Possible Causes
Generally, Irregular periods can be related to:
- Primary Amenorrhea
A condition where menarche (first period for a girl) does not occur on time. Typically absence of first period by age 15 is considered abnormal, but this does vary by ethnicity and location. Causes include problems with malnutrition, genetic disorders, formation of the reproductive system and hormonal imbalances. Primary amenorrhea typically needs evaluation with a specialist to find the correct diagnosis and treatment.
- Anovulatory Menstruation
A condition where menstruation does not occur regularly due to the failure of an egg to be released from the ovaries. This causes irregular menstruation with skipped months, and can be heavy in nature. The failure of ovulation (egg release) can be caused by hormonal imbalances, being overweight or extremely underweight, thyroid disorders and uncontrolled diabetes to name a few examples.
- Menopause
A normal condition where menstrual periods stop due to decreasing levels of hormones from the ovaries. Menopause marks the end of the reproductive age for the women. The average age of menopause in the United States is 51 years. Menopause is abnormal if it occurs too early (under 40 years old). While menopause is normal, many women suffer from hot flashes, sleep disturbances and other symptoms that can be disruptive to their enjoyment of life when entering menopause.
- Turner Syndrome
- Pregnancy
- Uterine Hypoplasia
- Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)
- Uterine Cancer
- Luteal Insufficiency
- Asherman Syndrome
Doctor's Diagnostic Questions
Your doctor may ask these questions to check for this symptom:
- Are your periods irregular?
- When did you first notice your irregular periods?
- Is your menstrual cycle infrequent?
- Have you previously experienced irregular menstrual cycles?
- Which of the following best describes your irregular menstrual periods?
Reviewed By:
Ravi P. Chokshi, MD (Obstetrics and Gynecology (OBGYN), Critical Care)
Current Maternal Fetal Medicine Fellow with Dual board certification in Obstetrics & Gynecology and Critical Care Medicine. | 5+ years experience managing a general Ob/Gyn practice and working in the Intensive Care Unit. | Previously Physician Lead of a large single specialty practice with 8 Physicians and 10+ Advanced practitioners. | Member of the Society of Maternal Fetal Medicine Patient education committee. | Frequent Medscape Consult contributor.
Seiji Kanazawa, MD, PHD (Obstetrics and Gynecology (OBGYN))
Dr. Kanazawa graduated from the Niigata University Faculty of Medicine and received his Ph.D. from the Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine. He is working on the front line of the General Perinatal Center, including the Tokyo Tama General Medical Center and the National Center for Research in Fertility Medicine, where he provides maternal and fetal care and undertakes clinical research. At Ubie, Dr. Kanazawa has been designing the Ubie AI Symptom Checker and has taken on the role of general obstetrics and gynecology consultation at FMC Tokyo Clinic by providing fetal ultrasound and prenatal consultation.
Content updated on Feb 6, 2025
Following the Medical Content Editorial Policy
Was this page helpful?
Tell your friends about us.
We would love to help them too.
Just 3 minutes.
Developed by doctors.
Try Free Symptom QuizHow Ubie Can Help You
With a free 3-min Irregular Periods quiz, powered by Ubie's AI and doctors, find possible causes of your symptoms.
This questionnaire is customized to your situation and symptoms, including the following personal information:
Biological Sex - helps us provide relevant suggestions for male vs. female conditions.
Age - adjusts our guidance based on any age-related health factors.
History - considers past illnesses, surgeries, family history, and lifestyle choices.
Your symptoms
Our AI
Your report
Your personal report will tell you
✔ When to see a doctor
✔︎ What causes your symptoms
✔︎ Treatment information etc.
People with similar symptoms also use Ubie's symptom checker to find possible causes
- Absent menstruation
- I have trouble with menstruation
- I have trouble with my period
- Infrequent menstrual periods
Find Similar Symptoms
Symptoms from similar body parts
Symptoms treated by the same specialty
FAQs
Q.
What Could Be the Reasons for Not Getting Periods for 2 Months?
A.
Missing your period for two months can happen for many reasons, such as pregnancy, stress, weight changes, or hormone imbalances. It’s important to check with a doctor to learn exactly why.
References:
Bae J, Park S, Kwon JW. Factors associated with menstrual cycle irregularity and menopause. BMC Womens Health. 2018 Feb 6;18(1):36. doi: 10.1186/s12905-018-0528-x. PMID: 29409520; PMCID: PMC5801702.
Sophie Gibson ME, Fleming N, Zuijdwijk C, Dumont T. Where Have the Periods Gone? The Evaluation and Management of Functional Hypothalamic Amenorrhea. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol. 2020 Feb 6;12(Suppl 1):18-27. doi: 10.4274/jcrpe.galenos.2019.2019.S0178. PMID: 32041389; PMCID: PMC7053439.
Attia GM, Alharbi OA, Aljohani RM. The Impact of Irregular Menstruation on Health: A Review of the Literature. Cureus. 2023 Nov 20;15(11):e49146. doi: 10.7759/cureus.49146. PMID: 38130524; PMCID: PMC10733621.
Q.
What Are the Potential Causes of Not Having Periods for Years?
A.
Not having periods for years can happen for several reasons including natural menopause, hormonal imbalances, or the intentional use of medication to stop menstruation.
References:
Lord M, Jenkins SM, Sahni M. Secondary Amenorrhea. [Updated 2024 Oct 28]. In: StatPearls [Internet].
Buck E, McNally L, Vadakekut ES, et al. Menstrual Suppression. [Updated 2024 Jun 7]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. T
deProsse CA, Keettel WC. The missed menstrual period. Postgrad Med. 1977 Jan;61(1):251-2, 254, 256. doi: 10.1080/00325481.1977.11714526. PMID: 189296.
Q.
Is It Normal to Not Menstruate for Several Months?
A.
Not having your period for several months can be normal in some cases, especially with stress, weight changes, or exercise habits, but it should be checked if it continues or comes with other issues.
References:
Rebar R. Evaluation of Amenorrhea, Anovulation, and Abnormal Bleeding. [Updated 2018 Jan 15]. In: Feingold KR, Anawalt B, Blackman MR, et al., editors. Endotext [Internet]. South Dartmouth (MA): MDText.com, Inc.; 2000-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279144/
Ryterska K, Kordek A, Załęska P. Has Menstruation Disappeared? Functional Hypothalamic Amenorrhea-What Is This Story about? Nutrients. 2021 Aug 17;13(8):2827. doi: 10.3390/nu13082827. PMID: 34444987; PMCID: PMC8401547.
Nawaz G, Rogol AD, Jenkins SM. Amenorrhea. [Updated 2024 Feb 25]. In: StatPearls [Internet].
Q.
What Could Cause a Period to Stop for 3 Months and Then Start Again?
A.
Missing your period for three months and then having it return can come from a natural, but irregular, hormone cycle or other temporary factors like stress or weight changes.
References:
Riaz Y, Parekh U. Oligomenorrhea. [Updated 2023 Jul 31]. In: StatPearls [Internet].
Buck E, McNally L, Vadakekut ES, et al. Menstrual Suppression. [Updated 2024 Jun 7]. In: StatPearls [Internet].
Lord M, Jenkins SM, Sahni M. Secondary Amenorrhea. [Updated 2024 Oct 28]. In: StatPearls [Internet].
Q.
What Are the Common Causes of Irregular Periods in Women?
A.
Irregular periods often happen due to changes in hormones. Issues like thyroid problems, stress, too much exercise, and not eating enough can all contribute to changes in your cycle.
References:
Koutras DA. Disturbances of menstruation in thyroid disease. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1997 Jun 17;816:280-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1997.tb52152.x. PMID: 9238278.
Foster C, Al-Zubeidi H. Menstrual Irregularities. Pediatr Ann. 2018 Jan 1;47(1):e23-e28. doi: 10.3928/19382359-20171219-01. PMID: 29323693.
Huhmann K. Menses Requires Energy: A Review of How Disordered Eating, Excessive Exercise, and High Stress Lead to Menstrual Irregularities. Clin Ther. 2020 Mar;42(3):401-407. doi: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2020.01.016. Epub 2020 Mar 2. PMID: 32139174.
Q.
How Common Is It for a Menstrual Cycle to Be Late?
A.
It is quite normal for a menstrual cycle to occasionally be late; many women experience variation in their cycle timing.
References:
Kwak Y, Kim Y, Baek KA. Prevalence of irregular menstruation according to socioeconomic status: A population-based nationwide cross-sectional study. PLoS One. 2019 Mar 19;14(3):e0214071. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214071. PMID: 30889222; PMCID: PMC6424400.
Song S, Choi H, Pang Y, Kim O, Park HY. Factors associated with regularity and length of menstrual cycle: Korea Nurses' Health Study. BMC Womens Health. 2022 Sep 1;22(1):361. doi: 10.1186/s12905-022-01947-z. PMID: 36050702; PMCID: PMC9438137.
Attia GM, Alharbi OA, Aljohani RM. The Impact of Irregular Menstruation on Health: A Review of the Literature. Cureus. 2023 Nov 20;15(11):e49146. doi: 10.7759/cureus.49146. PMID: 38130524; PMCID: PMC10733621.
Q.
What Could Cause a Late Period If a Pregnancy Test Is Negative?
A.
If your pregnancy test is negative but your period is late, it could be due to stress, hormonal changes, or other health issues that affect your cycle.
References:
Westerståhl A, Björkelund C, Marklund B, Bengtsson C, Hagen D, Höglund D, Lindström M. Focusing on the pregnancy test. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1998 Mar;77(3):322-6. doi: 10.1080/j.1600-0412.1998.770313.x. PMID: 9539280.
Herskovits AZ, Chen Y, Latifi N, Ta RM, Kriegel G. False-Negative Urine Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Testing in the Clinical Laboratory. Lab Med. 2020 Jan 2;51(1):86-93. doi: 10.1093/labmed/lmz039. PMID: 31245816.
Barsom SH, Mansfield PK, Koch PB, Gierach G, West SG. Association between psychological stress and menstrual cycle characteristics in perimenopausal women. Womens Health Issues. 2004 Nov-Dec;14(6):235-41. doi: 10.1016/j.whi.2004.07.006. PMID: 15589774.
Q.
Could a Period Be 7 Days Late Without Pregnancy Symptoms and Still Indicate Pregnancy?
A.
Yes, it is possible for a period to be 7 days late without other pregnancy symptoms and still be a sign of early pregnancy.
References:
deProsse CA, Keettel WC. The missed menstrual period. Postgrad Med. 1977 Jan;61(1):251-2, 254, 256. doi: 10.1080/00325481.1977.11714526. PMID: 189296.
Anderson J, Ghaffarian KR. Early Pregnancy Diagnosis. [Updated 2023 Jan 2]. In: StatPearls [Internet].
Sayle AE, Wilcox AJ, Weinberg CR, Baird DD. A prospective study of the onset of symptoms of pregnancy. J Clin Epidemiol. 2002 Jul;55(7):676-80. doi: 10.1016/s0895-4356(02)00402-x. PMID: 12160915.
Q.
What Does Brown Spotting When Wiping Mean If My Period Is Late?
A.
Brown spotting when wiping often means that older blood is coming out. This is not typically a cause for concern.
References:
Jeanmonod R, Skelly CL, Jenkins SM, et al. Vaginal Bleeding. [Updated 2023 Nov 13]. In: StatPearls [Internet].
Sung S, Carlson K, Abramovitz A. Postmenopausal Bleeding. [Updated 2025 Jan 22]. In: StatPearls [Internet].
Heitmann RJ, Langan KL, Huang RR, Chow GE, Burney RO. Premenstrual spotting of ≥2 days is strongly associated with histologically confirmed endometriosis in women with infertility. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2014 Oct;211(4):358.e1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2014.04.041. Epub 2014 May 4. PMID: 24799313.
Q.
How Many Days Late Is Considered a Late Period?
A.
A period is typically considered late if it hasn't started about 7 days after when you normally expect it.
References:
deProsse CA, Keettel WC. The missed menstrual period. Postgrad Med. 1977 Jan;61(1):251-2, 254, 256. doi: 10.1080/00325481.1977.11714526. PMID: 189296.
Thiyagarajan DK, Basit H, Jeanmonod R. Physiology, Menstrual Cycle. 2024 Sep 27. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan–. PMID: 29763196.
Nawaz G, Rogol AD, Jenkins SM. Amenorrhea. [Updated 2024 Feb 25]. In: StatPearls [Internet].
Q.
Is It Normal to Experience Two Periods in One Month?
A.
Sometimes, yes—it can be normal to have what looks like two periods in one month, but it can also be a sign of hormonal changes.
References:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK282/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK282/
Harris HR, Titus LJ, Cramer DW, Terry KL. Long and irregular menstrual cycles, polycystic ovary syndrome, and ovarian cancer risk in a population-based case-control study. Int J Cancer. 2017 Jan 15;140(2):285-291. doi: 10.1002/ijc.30441. Epub 2016 Oct 6. PMID: 27667654; PMCID: PMC5542050.
Riaz Y, Parekh U. Oligomenorrhea. [Updated 2023 Jul 31]. In: StatPearls [Internet].
Q.
What Are Some Reasons for a Late Period If I'm Not Pregnant?
A.
A late period can be due to many reasons like stress, changes in weight or exercise habits, and shifts in your hormones, even if you're not pregnant.
References:
deProsse CA, Keettel WC. The missed menstrual period. Postgrad Med. 1977 Jan;61(1):251-2, 254, 256. doi: 10.1080/00325481.1977.11714526. PMID: 189296.
Bae J, Park S, Kwon JW. Factors associated with menstrual cycle irregularity and menopause. BMC Womens Health. 2018 Feb 6;18(1):36. doi: 10.1186/s12905-018-0528-x. PMID: 29409520; PMCID: PMC5801702.
Attia GM, Alharbi OA, Aljohani RM. The Impact of Irregular Menstruation on Health: A Review of the Literature. Cureus. 2023 Nov 20;15(11):e49146. doi: 10.7759/cureus.49146. PMID: 38130524; PMCID: PMC10733621.
Q.
Should I Be Worried If My Period Is 3 Days Late?
A.
A period that is 3 days late is usually not something to worry about and can often happen due to normal changes in your body.
References:
deProsse CA, Keettel WC. The missed menstrual period. Postgrad Med. 1977 Jan;61(1):251-2, 254, 256. doi: 10.1080/00325481.1977.11714526. PMID: 189296.
Attia GM, Alharbi OA, Aljohani RM. The Impact of Irregular Menstruation on Health: A Review of the Literature. Cureus. 2023 Nov 20;15(11):e49146. doi: 10.7759/cureus.49146. PMID: 38130524; PMCID: PMC10733621.
Buck E, McNally L, Vadakekut ES, et al. Menstrual Suppression. [Updated 2024 Jun 7]. In: StatPearls [Internet].
Q.
What Are Some Treatments to Help Cure Irregular Periods in Teenage Girls?
A.
Treatments for irregular periods in teenage girls can include changes in lifestyle, non-hormonal options, or hormonal medicines to help balance hormones and regulate the cycle.
References:
Albanese A, Hopper NW. Suppression of menstruation in adolescents with severe learning disabilities. Arch Dis Child. 2007 Jul;92(7):629-32. doi: 10.1136/adc.2007.115709. PMID: 17588976; PMCID: PMC2083782.
Reiser E, Lanbach J, Böttcher B, Toth B. Non-Hormonal Treatment Options for Regulation of Menstrual Cycle in Adolescents with PCOS. J Clin Med. 2022 Dec 21;12(1):67. doi: 10.3390/jcm12010067. PMID: 36614868; PMCID: PMC9820988.
Divya S, Thomas TM, Ajmeera R, Hegde A, Parikh T, Shivakumar S. Assessment of the Menstrual Problems among Teenage Girls: A Tertiary Care Center Study. J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2023 Jul;15(Suppl 1):S281-S284. doi: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_495_22. Epub 2023 Jul 5. PMID: 37654320; PMCID: PMC10466533.
Q.
What Are the Signs of Pregnancy If You Have Irregular Periods?
A.
Even with irregular periods, signs of pregnancy can include feelings of nausea, tiredness, and breast changes along with a missed period, although the timing may be harder to predict.
References:
Attia GM, Alharbi OA, Aljohani RM. The Impact of Irregular Menstruation on Health: A Review of the Literature. Cureus. 2023 Nov 20;15(11):e49146. doi: 10.7759/cureus.49146. PMID: 38130524; PMCID: PMC10733621.
Soria-Contreras DC, Perng W, Rifas-Shiman SL, Hivert MF, Chavarro JE, Oken E. Menstrual cycle length and adverse pregnancy outcomes among women in Project Viva. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 2022 May;36(3):347-355. doi: 10.1111/ppe.12866. Epub 2022 Feb 16. PMID: 35172020; PMCID: PMC9050743.
Wang Z, Jukic AMZ, Baird DD, et al. Irregular Cycles, Ovulatory Disorders, and Cardiometabolic Conditions in a US-Based Digital Cohort. _JAMA Netw Open._ 2024;7(5):e249657. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.9657
Q.
Is It Common to Have Irregular Periods After Giving Birth?
A.
Yes, it is common for periods to be irregular after giving birth as your body adjusts and hormones change.
References:
Sharman A. Menstruation after childbirth. J Obstet Gynaecol Br Emp. 1951;58:440-5. PMID: 12255260.
McNeilly AS, Howie PW, Houston MJ, Cook A, Boyle H. Fertility after childbirth: adequacy of post-partum luteal phases. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 1982 Dec;17(6):609-15. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.1982.tb01634.x. PMID: 7165971.
Romano M, Cacciatore A, Giordano R, La Rosa B. Postpartum period: three distinct but continuous phases. J Prenat Med. 2010 Apr;4(2):22-5. PMID: 22439056; PMCID: PMC3279173.
Q.
What Does It Mean If Someone Has Irregular Periods?
A.
Irregular periods mean that the time between periods or the flow may differ from one cycle to the next. This can be a normal part of life or a sign of hormone changes or other health issues.
References:
Attia GM, Alharbi OA, Aljohani RM. The Impact of Irregular Menstruation on Health: A Review of the Literature. Cureus. 2023 Nov 20;15(11):e49146. doi: 10.7759/cureus.49146. PMID: 38130524; PMCID: PMC10733621.
Munro, M. G., Critchley, H. O., & Fraser, I. S. (2012). The FIGO systems for nomenclature and classification of causes of abnormal uterine bleeding in the reproductive years: Who needs them? _American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 207_(4), 259–265.
Foster C, Al-Zubeidi H. Menstrual Irregularities. Pediatr Ann. 2018 Jan 1;47(1):e23-e28. doi: 10.3928/19382359-20171219-01. PMID: 29323693.
Q.
What Could Be the Reason for Having Frequent Periods?
A.
Frequent periods can happen because your hormones may be out of balance, starting newa new birth control, and other factors like stress, weight changes, or medical conditions can also affect how often you bleed.
References:
Long WN. Abnormal Vaginal Bleeding. In: Walker HK, Hall WD, Hurst JW, editors. Clinical Methods: The History, Physical, and Laboratory Examinations. 3rd edition. Boston: Butterworths; 1990. Chapter 173. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK282/
Adams Hillard PJ, Deitch HR. Menstrual disorders in the college age female. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2005 Feb;52(1):179-97, ix-x. doi: 10.1016/j.pcl.2004.10.004. PMID: 15748930.
Bae J, Park S, Kwon JW. Factors associated with menstrual cycle irregularity and menopause. BMC Womens Health. 2018 Feb 6;18(1):36. doi: 10.1186/s12905-018-0528-x. PMID: 29409520; PMCID: PMC5801702.
Q.
Can Having Two Periods in One Month Be a Sign of a Health Issue?
A.
Two periods in one month can sometimes happen naturally, but it can also be a sign of a health issue if it is not normal for you.
References:
Attia GM, Alharbi OA, Aljohani RM. The Impact of Irregular Menstruation on Health: A Review of the Literature. Cureus. 2023 Nov 20;15(11):e49146. doi: 10.7759/cureus.49146. PMID: 38130524; PMCID: PMC10733621.
Thiyagarajan DK, Basit H, Jeanmonod R. Physiology, Menstrual Cycle. [Updated 2024 Sep 27]. In: StatPearls [Internet].
Riaz Y, Parekh U. Oligomenorrhea. [Updated 2023 Jul 31]. In: StatPearls [Internet].
Q.
What Should I Do If I Have No Period and a Negative Pregnancy Test?
A.
If you have no period and your pregnancy test is negative, it's a good idea to monitor your symptoms and talk to a healthcare provider for further evaluation.
References:
deProsse CA, Keettel WC. The missed menstrual period. Postgrad Med. 1977 Jan;61(1):251-2, 254, 256. doi: 10.1080/00325481.1977.11714526. PMID: 189296.
Reitz J, Hartman BC, Chase ME, Krause D, Cates AL. A Case of a Negative Urine Pregnancy Test in a Multiple Gestation Pregnancy. Cureus. 2022 Oct 26;14(10):e30725. doi: 10.7759/cureus.30725. PMID: 36447678; PMCID: PMC9699690.
Lord M, Jenkins SM, Sahni M. Secondary Amenorrhea. [Updated 2024 Oct 28]. In: StatPearls [Internet].
Q.
What Are the Effects of Irregular Periods on the Body?
A.
Irregular periods can signal that the body’s hormones are not working as expected, which may affect many parts of your health. These changes might influence how your body handles energy and can sometimes point to conditions like PCOS or even raise concerns about future health risks.
References:
Rostami Dovom M, Ramezani Tehrani F, Djalalinia S, Cheraghi L, Behboudi Gandavani S, Azizi F. Menstrual Cycle Irregularity and Metabolic Disorders: A Population-Based Prospective Study. PLoS One. 2016 Dec 16;11(12):e0168402. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168402. PMID: 27992506; PMCID: PMC5161370.
Harris HR, Titus LJ, Cramer DW, Terry KL. Long and irregular menstrual cycles, polycystic ovary syndrome, and ovarian cancer risk in a population-based case-control study. Int J Cancer. 2017 Jan 15;140(2):285-291. doi: 10.1002/ijc.30441. Epub 2016 Oct 6. PMID: 27667654; PMCID: PMC5542050.
Attia GM, Alharbi OA, Aljohani RM. The Impact of Irregular Menstruation on Health: A Review of the Literature. Cureus. 2023 Nov 20;15(11):e49146. doi: 10.7759/cureus.49146. PMID: 38130524; PMCID: PMC10733621.
Q.
What Does It Mean If My Period Stopped and Then Started Again?
A.
When your period stops and then starts again, it can be a sign that your body’s hormones are changing, or it might be a normal part of your cycle. However, it can also be a sign of other conditions that may need attention.
References:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK282/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK282/
Hasan R, Baird DD, Herring AH, Olshan AF, Jonsson Funk ML, Hartmann KE. Patterns and predictors of vaginal bleeding in the first trimester of pregnancy. Ann Epidemiol. 2010 Jul;20(7):524-31. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2010.02.006. PMID: 20538195; PMCID: PMC2884141.
Riaz Y, Parekh U. Oligomenorrhea. [Updated 2023 Jul 31]. In: StatPearls [Internet].
Q.
Could Having Two Periods in One Month Affect the Accuracy of a Pregnancy Test?
A.
Having two periods in one month does not change a pregnancy test’s ability to work, but it can make it tricky to know when to take the test for the most accurate result.
References:
Cooney MA, Buck Louis GM, Sundaram R, McGuiness BM, Lynch CD. Validity of self-reported time to pregnancy. Epidemiology. 2009 Jan;20(1):56-9. doi: 10.1097/EDE.0b013e31818ef47e. PMID: 19057382; PMCID: PMC4226997.
Cole LA, Khanlian SA, Sutton JM, Davies S, Rayburn WF. Accuracy of home pregnancy tests at the time of missed menses. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2004 Jan;190(1):100-5. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2003.08.043. PMID: 14749643.
Nobles J, Cannon L, Wilcox AJ. Menstrual irregularity as a biological limit to early pregnancy awareness. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2022 Jan 4;119(1):e2113762118. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2113762118. PMID: 34969843; PMCID: PMC8740731.
Q.
What Treatments Are Available for Irregular Periods?
A.
There are several options to help manage irregular periods, such as hormonal treatments, including cyclical progestins or estrogens, and non-hormonal approaches like lifestyle changes that are especially useful for conditions like PCOS.
References:
Reiser E, Lanbach J, Böttcher B, Toth B. Non-Hormonal Treatment Options for Regulation of Menstrual Cycle in Adolescents with PCOS. J Clin Med. 2022 Dec 21;12(1):67. doi: 10.3390/jcm12010067. PMID: 36614868; PMCID: PMC9820988.
Bofill Rodriguez M, Lethaby A, Low C, Cameron IT. Cyclical progestogens for heavy menstrual bleeding. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019 Aug 14;8(8):CD001016. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001016.pub3. PMID: 31425626; PMCID: PMC6699663.
Hickey M, Higham JM, Fraser I. Progestogens with or without oestrogen for irregular uterine bleeding associated with anovulation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012 Sep 12;2012(9):CD001895. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001895.pub3. PMID: 22972055; PMCID: PMC7061495.
Q.
What Are the Causes of Irregular Periods for Teens, Other Than Pregnancy?
A.
Irregular periods in teens can be caused by a variety of factors other than pregnancy. These include hormonal imbalances, stress, excessive exercise, weight changes, and underlying medical conditions. Understanding these potential causes is important for managing menstrual health.
References:
Foster C, Al-Zubeidi H. Menstrual Irregularities. Pediatr Ann. 2018 Jan 1;47(1):e23-e28. doi: 10.3928/19382359-20171219-01. PMID: 29323693.
Peña AS, Doherty DA, Atkinson HC, Hickey M, Norman RJ, Hart R. The majority of irregular menstrual cycles in adolescence are ovulatory: results of a prospective study. Arch Dis Child. 2018 Mar;103(3):235-239. doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2017-312968. Epub 2017 Aug 9. PMID: 28794095.
Williams CE, Creighton SM. Menstrual disorders in adolescents: review of current practice. Horm Res Paediatr. 2012;78(3):135-43. doi: 10.1159/000342822. Epub 2012 Oct 10. PMID: 23051587.
Q.
Is It Normal to Have Irregular Periods While Breastfeeding?
A.
Yes, it is normal to have irregular periods while breastfeeding. Many women experience changes in their menstrual cycle during this time due to the natural effects of breastfeeding.
References:
McNeilly AS, Tay CC, Glasier A. Physiological mechanisms underlying lactational amenorrhea. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1994 Feb 18;709:145-55. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb30394.x. PMID: 8154698.
Mola GL, Amoa AB. Reporting of lactation and normal menstrual information by Papua New Guinean women. P N G Med J. 1999 Sep-Dec;42(3-4):71-2. PMID: 11428498.
Egbuonu I, Ezechukwu CC, Chukwuka JO, Ikechebelu JI. Breast-feeding, return of menses, sexual activity and contraceptive practices among mothers in the first six months of lactation in Onitsha, South Eastern Nigeria. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2005 Jul;25(5):500-3. doi: 10.1080/01443610500171250. PMID: 16183590.
Q.
How Can Irregular Periods Affect Pregnancy Chances?
A.
Irregular periods can make it harder to predict ovulation, which may lower the chances of getting pregnant. This happens because ovulation might not occur consistently, making it difficult for sperm to meet an egg.
References:
Kolstad HA, Bonde JP, Hjøllund NH, Jensen TK, Henriksen TB, Ernst E, Giwercman A, Skakkebaek NE, Olsen J. Menstrual cycle pattern and fertility: a prospective follow-up study of pregnancy and early embryonal loss in 295 couples who were planning their first pregnancy. Fertil Steril. 1999 Mar;71(3):490-6. doi: 10.1016/s0015-0282(98)00474-9. PMID: 10065787.
Xiping L, Xiaqiu WU, Lirong B, Jin P, Hui KK. Menstrual cycle characteristics as an indicator of fertility outcomes: evidence from prospective birth cohort study in China. J Tradit Chin Med. 2022 Apr;42(2):272-278. doi: 10.19852/j.cnki.jtcm.2022.02.010. PMID: 35473349; PMCID: PMC9924698.
Soria-Contreras DC, Perng W, Rifas-Shiman SL, Hivert MF, Chavarro JE, Oken E. Menstrual cycle length and adverse pregnancy outcomes among women in Project Viva. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 2022 May;36(3):347-355. doi: 10.1111/ppe.12866. Epub 2022 Feb 16. PMID: 35172020; PMCID: PMC9050743.
Q.
What Could Cause a Period to Stop and Then Start Again with Bright Red Blood?
A.
A period that stops and then starts with bright red blood might be due to a hormonal imbalance or irregular shedding of the uterine lining.
References:
Riaz Y, Parekh U. Oligomenorrhea. [Updated 2023 Jul 31]. In: StatPearls [Internet].
Lord M, Jenkins SM, Sahni M. Secondary Amenorrhea. [Updated 2024 Oct 28]. In: StatPearls [Internet].
Davis E, Sparzak PB. Abnormal Uterine Bleeding. [Updated 2025 Jan 21]. In: StatPearls [Internet].
Q.
Are Irregular Periods a Sign of Perimenopause?
A.
Yes, irregular periods can be a sign of perimenopause. This is a natural part of the process as your body’s hormone levels slowly change before menopause.
References:
Santoro N. Perimenopause: From Research to Practice. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2016 Apr;25(4):332-9. doi: 10.1089/jwh.2015.5556. Epub 2015 Dec 10. PMID: 26653408; PMCID: PMC4834516.
McCarthy M, Raval AP. The peri-menopause in a woman's life: a systemic inflammatory phase that enables later neurodegenerative disease. J Neuroinflammation. 2020 Oct 23;17(1):317. doi: 10.1186/s12974-020-01998-9. PMID: 33097048; PMCID: PMC7585188.
Chen W, Chen M, Tang H, Wei W, Shao P, Dou S, Wu J, Lu B, Shi R, Chen J. Advances in diagnosis and treatment of perimenopausal syndrome. Open Life Sci. 2023 Dec 22;18(1):20220754. doi: 10.1515/biol-2022-0754. PMID: 38152579; PMCID: PMC10751995.
Q.
What Are the Potential Causes of Having Two Periods in One Month?
A.
Having two periods in one month can be caused by hormonal changes, conditions like PCOS, or natural shifts in your body due to aging or stress.
References:
Harris HR, Titus LJ, Cramer DW, Terry KL. Long and irregular menstrual cycles, polycystic ovary syndrome, and ovarian cancer risk in a population-based case-control study. Int J Cancer. 2017 Jan 15;140(2):285-291. doi: 10.1002/ijc.30441. Epub 2016 Oct 6. PMID: 27667654; PMCID: PMC5542050.
Allshouse A, Pavlovic J, Santoro N. Menstrual Cycle Hormone Changes Associated with Reproductive Aging and How They May Relate to Symptoms. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 2018 Dec;45(4):613-628. doi: 10.1016/j.ogc.2018.07.004. Epub 2018 Oct 25. PMID: 30401546; PMCID: PMC6226272.
Liang J, Ali F, Ramaiyer M, Borahay MA. Determinants and Assessment of Menstrual Blood Flow. Curr Epidemiol Rep. 2023 Dec;10(4):210-220. doi: 10.1007/s40471-023-00332-0. Epub 2023 Sep 21. PMID: 38275001; PMCID: PMC10810143.
Q.
Why Might My Period Not Stop As Expected?
A.
Sometimes your period may not stop as expected because of heavy bleeding (menorrhagia) caused by factors like hormonal imbalances, uterine growths, or other medical conditions.
References:
InformedHealth.org](http://informedhealth.org/) [Internet]. Cologne, Germany: Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG); 2006-. Overview: Heavy periods. [Updated 2021 Jun 17]. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279294/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279294/
Walker MH, Coffey W, Borger J. Menorrhagia. [Updated 2023 Aug 28]. In: StatPearls [Internet].
Davis E, Sparzak PB. Abnormal Uterine Bleeding. [Updated 2025 Jan 21]. In: StatPearls [Internet].
Q.
Could Having Two Periods in One Month Indicate Pregnancy?
A.
Having two periods in one month usually does not mean you are pregnant—it more likely shows that your cycle is irregular. Pregnancy often stops periods, so two periods in one month may point to other factors.
References:
Crawford NM, Pritchard DA, Herring AH, Steiner AZ. Prospective evaluation of the impact of intermenstrual bleeding on natural fertility. Fertil Steril. 2016 May;105(5):1294-1300. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.01.015. Epub 2016 Jan 25. PMID: 26820771; PMCID: PMC4853238.
Soria-Contreras DC, Perng W, Rifas-Shiman SL, Hivert MF, Chavarro JE, Oken E. Menstrual cycle length and adverse pregnancy outcomes among women in Project Viva. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 2022 May;36(3):347-355. doi: 10.1111/ppe.12866. Epub 2022 Feb 16. PMID: 35172020; PMCID: PMC9050743.
Nobles J, Cannon L, Wilcox AJ. Menstrual irregularity as a biological limit to early pregnancy awareness. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2022 Jan 4;119(1):e2113762118. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2113762118. PMID: 34969843; PMCID: PMC8740731.
Q.
Is It Normal for a Period to Stop After Having Sex?
A.
It can be normal for your period’s flow to slow or pause after sex because the uterus may contract, but if you're worried or the change happens often, it's best to talk to a healthcare provider.
References:
Mazokopakis EE, Samonis G. Is Vaginal Sexual Intercourse Permitted during Menstruation? A Biblical (Christian) and Medical Approach. Maedica (Bucur). 2018 Sep;13(3):183-188. English. doi: 10.26574/maedica.2018.13.3.183. PMID: 30568737; PMCID: PMC6290188.
Mollazadeh S, Sadeghzadeh Oskouei B, Kamalifard M, Mirghafourvand M, Aminisani N, Jafari Shobeiri M. Association between Sexual Activity during Menstruation and Endometriosis: A Case-Control Study. Int J Fertil Steril. 2019 Oct;13(3):230-235. doi: 10.22074/ijfs.2019.5601. Epub 2019 Jul 14. PMID: 31310078; PMCID: PMC6642425.
Najmabadi S, Schliep KC, Simonsen SE, Porucznik CA, Egger MJ, Stanford JB. Characteristics of menstrual cycles with or without intercourse in women with no known subfertility. Hum Reprod Open. 2022 Sep 27;2022(4):hoac039. doi: 10.1093/hropen/hoac039. PMID: 36186844; PMCID: PMC9519089.
Q.
What Are the Symptoms of Menstrual Dysphoric Disorder?
A.
Menstrual dysphoric disorder (also known as premenstrual dysphoric disorder or PMDD) causes severe mood changes and physical symptoms that happen in the days before your period and then get better once it starts.
References:
Mishra S, Elliott H, Marwaha R. Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder. [Updated 2023 Feb 19]. In: StatPearls [Internet].
Steiner M, Born L. Diagnosis and treatment of premenstrual dysphoric disorder: an update. Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 2000 Nov;15 Suppl 3:S5-17. PMID: 11195269.
Itriyeva K. Premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder in adolescents. Curr Probl Pediatr Adolesc Health Care. 2022 May;52(5):101187. doi: 10.1016/j.cppeds.2022.101187. Epub 2022 May 6. PMID: 35534402.
Q.
What Factors Can Cause a Late Menstrual Cycle?
A.
A late menstrual cycle can be caused by things like pregnancy, stress, changes in weight, hormonal shifts, and lifestyle factors that affect your body.
References:
Bae J, Park S, Kwon JW. Factors associated with menstrual cycle irregularity and menopause. BMC Womens Health. 2018 Feb 6;18(1):36. doi: 10.1186/s12905-018-0528-x. PMID: 29409520; PMCID: PMC5801702.
Attia GM, Alharbi OA, Aljohani RM. The Impact of Irregular Menstruation on Health: A Review of the Literature. Cureus. 2023 Nov 20;15(11):e49146. doi: 10.7759/cureus.49146. PMID: 38130524; PMCID: PMC10733621.
Campbell LR, Scalise AL, DiBenedictis BT, Mahalingaiah S. Menstrual cycle length and modern living: a review. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2021 Dec 1;28(6):566-573. doi: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000681. PMID: 34545843; PMCID: PMC8631146.
Q.
What Are Some Possible Reasons for Not Getting My Period?
A.
Not getting your period can happen for many reasons, such as pregnancy, changes in your hormone levels from stress or weight shifts, or certain health conditions.
References:
deProsse CA, Keettel WC. The missed menstrual period. Postgrad Med. 1977 Jan;61(1):251-2, 254, 256. doi: 10.1080/00325481.1977.11714526. PMID: 189296.
Attia GM, Alharbi OA, Aljohani RM. The Impact of Irregular Menstruation on Health: A Review of the Literature. Cureus. 2023 Nov 20;15(11):e49146. doi: 10.7759/cureus.49146. PMID: 38130524; PMCID: PMC10733621.
Buck E, McNally L, Vadakekut ES, et al. Menstrual Suppression. [Updated 2024 Jun 7]. In: StatPearls [Internet].
Q.
What Are Some Common Factors That Can Delay Periods?
A.
Periods can be delayed for many reasons, including pregnancy, stress, weight changes, and changes in hormone levels.
References:
Bae J, Park S, Kwon JW. Factors associated with menstrual cycle irregularity and menopause. BMC Womens Health. 2018 Feb 6;18(1):36. doi: 10.1186/s12905-018-0528-x. PMID: 29409520; PMCID: PMC5801702.
Attia GM, Alharbi OA, Aljohani RM. The Impact of Irregular Menstruation on Health: A Review of the Literature. Cureus. 2023 Nov 20;15(11):e49146. doi: 10.7759/cureus.49146. PMID: 38130524; PMCID: PMC10733621.
Buck E, McNally L, Vadakekut ES, et al. Menstrual Suppression. [Updated 2024 Jun 7]. In: StatPearls [Internet].
Q.
How Does Menstrual Depression Disorder Affect Mental Health?
A.
Menstrual depression disorder can cause very strong feelings of sadness, worry, and anger before your period that make it hard to do everyday things.
References:
Padda J, Khalid K, Hitawala G, Batra N, Pokhriyal S, Mohan A, Zubair U, Cooper AC, Jean-Charles G. Depression and Its Effect on the Menstrual Cycle. Cureus. 2021 Jul 21;13(7):e16532. doi: 10.7759/cureus.16532. PMID: 34430141; PMCID: PMC8378322.
Handy AB, Greenfield SF, Yonkers KA, Payne LA. Psychiatric Symptoms Across the Menstrual Cycle in Adult Women: A Comprehensive Review. Harv Rev Psychiatry. 2022 Mar-Apr 01;30(2):100-117. doi: 10.1097/HRP.0000000000000329. PMID: 35267252; PMCID: PMC8906247.
Mishra S, Elliott H, Marwaha R. Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder. [Updated 2023 Feb 19]. In: StatPearls [Internet].
Q.
What Can Stop Menstrual Bleeding Unexpectedly?
A.
Sometimes, medications or hormonal changes can suddenly stop menstrual bleeding cycles, which is called menstrual suppression. This can happen when doctors or patients use treatments to manage heavy bleeding or regulate the cycle.
References:
Maybin JA, Critchley HO. Medical management of heavy menstrual bleeding. Womens Health (Lond). 2016 Jan;12(1):27-34. doi: 10.2217/whe.15.100. Epub 2015 Dec 23. PMID: 26695687; PMCID: PMC4728737.
Lethaby A, Wise MR, Weterings MA, Bofill Rodriguez M, Brown J. Combined hormonal contraceptives for heavy menstrual bleeding. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019 Feb 11;2(2):CD000154. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD000154.pub3. PMID: 30742315; PMCID: PMC6369862.
Buck E, McNally L, Vadakekut ES, et al. Menstrual Suppression. [Updated 2024 Jun 7]. In: StatPearls [Internet].
Q.
What Should I Consider If My Periods Stopped for No Apparent Reason?
A.
If your period stops without a clear reason, it might be due to changes in your hormones from stress, weight, or high activity levels, and it’s important to check with a doctor.
References:
Ryterska K, Kordek A, Załęska P. Has Menstruation Disappeared? Functional Hypothalamic Amenorrhea-What Is This Story about? Nutrients. 2021 Aug 17;13(8):2827. doi: 10.3390/nu13082827. PMID: 34444987; PMCID: PMC8401547.
Gasner A, Rehman A. Primary Amenorrhea. [Updated 2023 Dec 20]. In: StatPearls [Internet].
Lord M, Jenkins SM, Sahni M. Secondary Amenorrhea. [Updated 2024 Oct 28]. In: StatPearls [Internet].
Q.
What Could Cause Menstruation to Stop Suddenly?
A.
A sudden stop in menstruation can be caused by pregnancy, changes in your hormones, often driven by stress, weight changes, intense exercise, or lifestyle factors that affect your body's signals.
References:
O'Hara P, Portser SA, Anderson BP. The influence of menstrual cycle changes on the tobacco withdrawal syndrome in women. Addict Behav. 1989;14(6):595-600. doi: 10.1016/0306-4603(89)90001-4. PMID: 2618842.
Shufelt CL, Torbati T, Dutra E. Hypothalamic Amenorrhea and the Long-Term Health Consequences. Semin Reprod Med. 2017 May;35(3):256-262. doi: 10.1055/s-0037-1603581. Epub 2017 Jun 28. PMID: 28658709; PMCID: PMC6374026.
Chen L, Lu Y, Zhou YF, Wang Y, Zhan HF, Zhao YT, Wang YL, Zhang FF, Chen H, Li X. The effects of weight loss-related amenorrhea on women's health and the therapeutic approaches: a narrative review. Ann Transl Med. 2023 Jan 31;11(2):132. doi: 10.21037/atm-22-6366. PMID: 36819572; PMCID: PMC9929756.
Q.
Should I Be Concerned If My Period Is 8 Days Late?
A.
An 8-day late period may not be a big concern, but it's important to consider your usual cycle, any stressors or changes, and whether pregnancy could be a factor.
References:
deProsse CA, Keettel WC. The missed menstrual period. Postgrad Med. 1977 Jan;61(1):251-2, 254, 256. doi: 10.1080/00325481.1977.11714526. PMID: 189296.
Kelly BG, Habib M. Missed period? The significance of period-tracking applications in a post-_Roe_ America. Sex Reprod Health Matters. 2023 Dec;31(4):2238940. doi: 10.1080/26410397.2023.2238940. PMID: 37681963; PMCID: PMC10494721.
Buck E, McNally L, Vadakekut ES, et al. Menstrual Suppression. [Updated 2024 Jun 7]. In: StatPearls [Internet].
Q.
What Is the Difference between Dysmenorrhea and Amenorrhea?
A.
Dysmenorrhea is when you have painful periods, while amenorrhea is when your period stops or doesn’t start at all.
References:
Deligeoroglou E, Creatsas G. Menstrual disorders. Endocr Dev. 2012;22:160-170. doi: 10.1159/000331697. Epub 2012 Jul 25. PMID: 22846527.
Nagy H, Carlson K, Khan MAB. Dysmenorrhea. [Updated 2023 Nov 12]. In: StatPearls [Internet].
Nawaz G, Rogol AD, Jenkins SM. Amenorrhea. [Updated 2024 Feb 25]. In: StatPearls [Internet].
Q.
What Does It Mean If My Period Stopped and Then Restarted Heavily?
A.
If your period stopped and then started again with heavy bleeding, it may mean your body is shedding a lot of built-up uterine lining due to changes in your hormones or other health factors.
References:
James AH. Heavy menstrual bleeding: work-up and management. Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program. 2016 Dec 2;2016(1):236-242. doi: 10.1182/asheducation-2016.1.236. PMID: 27913486; PMCID: PMC6142441.
Jacobson MH, Mertens AC, Spencer JB, Manatunga AK, Howards PP. Menses resumption after cancer treatment-induced amenorrhea occurs early or not at all. Fertil Steril. 2016 Mar;105(3):765-772.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.11.020. Epub 2015 Dec 1. PMID: 26658130; PMCID: PMC4779728.
Lord M, Jenkins SM, Sahni M. Secondary Amenorrhea. [Updated 2024 Oct 28]. In: StatPearls [Internet].
Q.
Is It Normal for a Period to Stop for a Day and Then Start Again?
A.
Yes, it can be normal for your period to stop for a day and then start again, as your bleeding flow can naturally vary.
References:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK282/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK282/
Updated 2018 Aug 5]. In: Feingold KR, Anawalt B, Blackman MR, et al., editors. Endotext [Internet]. South Dartmouth (MA): [MDText.com](http://mdtext.com/), Inc.; 2000-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279054/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279054/
Buck E, McNally L, Vadakekut ES, et al. Menstrual Suppression. [Updated 2024 Jun 7]. In: StatPearls [Internet].
Q.
What Could Be the Cause of Not Having a Period for Two Months If Not Pregnant?
A.
If you're not pregnant, missing your period for two months could come from your body not making the right hormones due to stress, weight changes, or too much exercise.
References:
Shufelt CL, Torbati T, Dutra E. Hypothalamic Amenorrhea and the Long-Term Health Consequences. Semin Reprod Med. 2017 May;35(3):256-262. doi: 10.1055/s-0037-1603581. Epub 2017 Jun 28. PMID: 28658709; PMCID: PMC6374026.
Gasner A, Rehman A. Primary Amenorrhea. [Updated 2023 Dec 20]. In: StatPearls [Internet].
Chen L, Lu Y, Zhou YF, Wang Y, Zhan HF, Zhao YT, Wang YL, Zhang FF, Chen H, Li X. The effects of weight loss-related amenorrhea on women's health and the therapeutic approaches: a narrative review. Ann Transl Med. 2023 Jan 31;11(2):132. doi: 10.21037/atm-22-6366. PMID: 36819572; PMCID: PMC9929756.
Q.
What Are the Potential Causes of More Frequent Periods?
A.
More frequent periods may happen if your hormones are off, such as from thyroid problems, starting a new birth control, or extra body fat, which can change how your body builds and sheds its uterine lining.
References:
Koutras DA. Disturbances of menstruation in thyroid disease. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1997 Jun 17;816:280-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1997.tb52152.x. PMID: 9238278.
Reavey JJ, Walker C, Murray AA, Brito-Mutunayagam S, Sweeney S, Nicol M, Cambursano A, Critchley HOD, Maybin JA. Obesity is associated with heavy menstruation that may be due to delayed endometrial repair. J Endocrinol. 2021 May;249(2):71-82. doi: 10.1530/JOE-20-0446. PMID: 33836495; PMCID: PMC8052524.
Attia GM, Alharbi OA, Aljohani RM. The Impact of Irregular Menstruation on Health: A Review of the Literature. Cureus. 2023 Nov 20;15(11):e49146. doi: 10.7759/cureus.49146. PMID: 38130524; PMCID: PMC10733621.
Q.
What Should I Do If My Period Hasn't Come in 3 Months and I'm Not Pregnant?
A.
If your period hasn't come for 3 months and you're not pregnant, it's important to speak with a healthcare provider to find out why and to keep your health on track.
References:
Crosignani PG, Vegetti W. A practical guide to the diagnosis and management of amenorrhoea. Drugs. 1996 Nov;52(5):671-81. doi: 10.2165/00003495-199652050-00005. PMID: 9118817.
Master-Hunter T, Heiman DL. Amenorrhea: evaluation and treatment. Am Fam Physician. 2006 Apr 15;73(8):1374-82. PMID: 16669559.
Klein DA, Paradise SL, Reeder RM. Amenorrhea: A Systematic Approach to Diagnosis and Management. Am Fam Physician. 2019 Jul 1;100(1):39-48. PMID: 31259490.
Q.
Is It Concerning to Have 2 Menstrual Periods in a Month?
A.
Occasionally having two periods in one month can happen due to changes in your cycle and isn’t always a cause for alarm, though it might show that your cycle is a bit irregular.
References:
Dasharathy SS, Mumford SL, Pollack AZ, Perkins NJ, Mattison DR, Wactawski-Wende J, Schisterman EF. Menstrual bleeding patterns among regularly menstruating women. Am J Epidemiol. 2012 Mar 15;175(6):536-45. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwr356. Epub 2012 Feb 20. PMID: 22350580; PMCID: PMC3299419.
Bae J, Park S, Kwon JW. Factors associated with menstrual cycle irregularity and menopause. BMC Womens Health. 2018 Feb 6;18(1):36. doi: 10.1186/s12905-018-0528-x. PMID: 29409520; PMCID: PMC5801702.
Grieger JA, Norman RJ. Menstrual Cycle Length and Patterns in a Global Cohort of Women Using a Mobile Phone App: Retrospective Cohort Study. J Med Internet Res. 2020 Jun 24;22(6):e17109. doi: 10.2196/17109. PMID: 32442161; PMCID: PMC7381001.
Q.
Could Not Having a Period for 9 Months Indicate Menopause?
A.
Missing your period for 9 months might be a sign you're entering menopause, but it isn’t enough alone to diagnose it.
References:
Harlow SD, Paramsothy P. Menstruation and the menopausal transition. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 2011 Sep;38(3):595-607. doi: 10.1016/j.ogc.2011.05.010. PMID: 21961722; PMCID: PMC3232023.
Su HI, Freeman EW. Hormone changes associated with the menopausal transition. Minerva Ginecol. 2009 Dec;61(6):483-9. PMID: 19942836; PMCID: PMC3823936.
Greendale GA, Ishii S, Huang MH, Karlamangla AS. Predicting the timeline to the final menstrual period: the study of women's health across the nation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2013 Apr;98(4):1483-91. doi: 10.1210/jc.2012-3732. Epub 2013 Mar 26. PMID: 23533245; PMCID: PMC3615211.
Q.
What Should I Consider If My Period Hasn't Come Yet?
A.
If your period hasn't come yet, consider factors like changes in your routine, stress, or pregnancy, and think about tracking your cycle and discussing it with a healthcare provider if it continues.
References:
deProsse CA, Keettel WC. The missed menstrual period. Postgrad Med. 1977 Jan;61(1):251-2, 254, 256. doi: 10.1080/00325481.1977.11714526. PMID: 189296.
Swanner KD, Richmond LB. A 65-Year-Old Woman With No Menopause History: A Case Report. Cureus. 2023 Sep 6;15(9):e44792. doi: 10.7759/cureus.44792. PMID: 37809173; PMCID: PMC10557373.
Buck E, McNally L, Vadakekut ES, et al. Menstrual Suppression. [Updated 2024 Jun 7]. In: StatPearls [Internet].
Q.
How Many Months Without a Period Is Considered a Sign of Menopause?
A.
Menopause is typically defined as having no period for 12 consecutive months.
References:
Gold EB. The timing of the age at which natural menopause occurs. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 2011 Sep;38(3):425-40. doi: 10.1016/j.ogc.2011.05.002. PMID: 21961711; PMCID: PMC3285482.
El Khoudary SR, Qi M, Chen X, Matthews K, Allshouse AA, Crawford SL, Derby CA, Thurston RC, Kazlauskaite R, Barinas-Mitchell E, Santoro N. Patterns of menstrual cycle length over the menopause transition are associated with subclinical atherosclerosis after menopause. Menopause. 2021 Oct 11;29(1):8-15. doi: 10.1097/GME.0000000000001876. PMID: 34636354; PMCID: PMC9178927.
Peacock K, Carlson K, Ketvertis KM. Menopause. [Updated 2023 Dec 21]. In: StatPearls [Internet].
Q.
What Could Be the Reason for Missing 2 Periods If Not Pregnant?
A.
Missing two periods when you're not pregnant can be due to factors that disrupt your body’s hormone signals, such as stress, weight changes, or too much exercise.
References:
Shufelt CL, Torbati T, Dutra E. Hypothalamic Amenorrhea and the Long-Term Health Consequences. Semin Reprod Med. 2017 May;35(3):256-262. doi: 10.1055/s-0037-1603581. Epub 2017 Jun 28. PMID: 28658709; PMCID: PMC6374026.
Gasner A, Rehman A. Primary Amenorrhea. [Updated 2023 Dec 20]. In: StatPearls [Internet].
Chen L, Lu Y, Zhou YF, Wang Y, Zhan HF, Zhao YT, Wang YL, Zhang FF, Chen H, Li X. The effects of weight loss-related amenorrhea on women's health and the therapeutic approaches: a narrative review. Ann Transl Med. 2023 Jan 31;11(2):132. doi: 10.21037/atm-22-6366. PMID: 36819572; PMCID: PMC9929756.
Q.
What Are the Causes of Having Infrequent Periods?
A.
Infrequent periods, sometimes called oligomenorrhea, can happen because your hormones are off balance due to stress, weight changes, or conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
References:
Boyle JA, Teede HJ. Irregular menstrual cycles in a young woman. CMAJ. 2014 Aug 5;186(11):850-2. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.130667. Epub 2014 May 5. PMID: 24799558; PMCID: PMC4119145.
Bae J, Park S, Kwon JW. Factors associated with menstrual cycle irregularity and menopause. BMC Womens Health. 2018 Feb 6;18(1):36. doi: 10.1186/s12905-018-0528-x. PMID: 29409520; PMCID: PMC5801702.
Mittiku YM, Mekonen H, Wogie G, Tizazu MA, Wake GE. Menstrual irregularity and its associated factors among college students in Ethiopia, 2021. Front Glob Womens Health. 2022 Aug 23;3:917643. doi: 10.3389/fgwh.2022.917643. PMID: 36081684; PMCID: PMC9445616.
Q.
What Could Cause Someone to Have 3 Periods in a Month?
A.
Having three periods in one month might happen due to unusual changes in your hormones that make your cycle shorter or cause extra bleeding.
References:
Jukic AM. Challenges and future directions in menstrual cycle research. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 2020 May;34(3):328-330. doi: 10.1111/ppe.12664. Epub 2020 Mar 12. PMID: 32166805; PMCID: PMC7192772.
Riaz Y, Parekh U. Oligomenorrhea. [Updated 2023 Jul 31]. In: StatPearls [Internet].
Thiyagarajan DK, Basit H, Jeanmonod R. Physiology, Menstrual Cycle. [Updated 2024 Sep 27]. In: StatPearls [Internet].
Song S, Choi H, Pang Y, Kim O, Park HY. Factors associated with regularity and length of menstrual cycle: Korea Nurses' Health Study. BMC Womens Health. 2022 Sep 1;22(1):361. doi: 10.1186/s12905-022-01947-z. PMID: 36050702; PMCID: PMC9438137.
Q.
What Might Lead to an Increased Frequency of Periods?
A.
Getting your period more often can happen if your cycle is shorter than usual, and this may be caused by factors like environmental exposures, stress, and lifestyle changes that affect your hormones.
References:
Hammer KC, Veiga A, Mahalingaiah S. Environmental toxicant exposure and menstrual cycle length. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2020 Dec;27(6):373-379. doi: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000579. PMID: 33027071; PMCID: PMC7647430.
Attia GM, Alharbi OA, Aljohani RM. The Impact of Irregular Menstruation on Health: A Review of the Literature. Cureus. 2023 Nov 20;15(11):e49146. doi: 10.7759/cureus.49146. PMID: 38130524; PMCID: PMC10733621.
Dhar S, Mondal KK, Bhattacharjee P. Influence of lifestyle factors with the outcome of menstrual disorders among adolescents and young women in West Bengal, India. Sci Rep. 2023 Aug 1;13(1):12476. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-35858-2. PMID: 37528155; PMCID: PMC10393940.
Q.
What Could Cause Periods to Occur Every 2 Weeks?
A.
Having periods every two weeks is not typical and may mean your hormones are imbalanced, which can be seen in conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
References:
Bae J, Park S, Kwon JW. Factors associated with menstrual cycle irregularity and menopause. BMC Womens Health. 2018 Feb 6;18(1):36. doi: 10.1186/s12905-018-0528-x. PMID: 29409520; PMCID: PMC5801702.
Rafique N, Al-Sheikh MH. Prevalence of menstrual problems and their association with psychological stress in young female students studying health sciences. Saudi Med J. 2018 Jan;39(1):67-73. doi: 10.15537/smj.2018.1.21438. PMID: 29332111; PMCID: PMC5885123.
Ganie MA, Rashid A, Baba MS, Zargar MA, Wani IA, Nisar S, Wani IA, Douhath S, Sriwastawa M, Geer MI, Asrar MM, Kutum R, Hassan S, Khan S, Rafi W, Bhat DA, Showkat W, Sahar T, Choh NA, Khurshid R, Mudassar S, Shah ZA, Shabir I, Sofi SA, Gupta N, Hafeez I, Sreenivas V. Pre-polycystic ovary syndrome and polymenorrhoea as new facets of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): Evidences from a single centre data set. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2023 Dec;99(6):566-578. doi: 10.1111/cen.14964. Epub 2023 Sep 1. PMID: 37656656.
Q.
Is It Normal to Have 3 Periods in 30 Days?
A.
Having three periods in 30 days is unusual and may suggest that your menstrual cycle is irregular or that you are experiencing abnormal uterine bleeding.
References:
Brenner PF. Differential diagnosis of abnormal uterine bleeding. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1996 Sep;175(3 Pt 2):766-9. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9378(96)80082-2. PMID: 8828559.
Deligeoroglou E. Dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1997 Jun 17;816:158-64. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1997.tb52139.x. PMID: 9238265.
Van Anders SM, Watson NV. Menstrual cycle irregularities are associated with testosterone levels in healthy premenopausal women. Am J Hum Biol. 2006 Nov-Dec;18(6):841-4. doi: 10.1002/ajhb.20555. PMID: 17039468.
Song S, Choi H, Pang Y, Kim O, Park HY. Factors associated with regularity and length of menstrual cycle: Korea Nurses' Health Study. BMC Womens Health. 2022 Sep 1;22(1):361. doi: 10.1186/s12905-022-01947-z. PMID: 36050702; PMCID: PMC9438137.
Q.
Is It Normal for My Period to Come Every 24 Days?
A.
A 24-day cycle can be normal since menstrual cycles naturally vary from person to person.
References:
Reed BG, Carr BR. The Normal Menstrual Cycle and the Control of Ovulation. [Updated 2018 Aug 5]. In: Feingold KR, Anawalt B, Blackman MR, et al., editors. Endotext [Internet]. South Dartmouth (MA): MDText.com, Inc.; 2000-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279054/
Grieger JA, Norman RJ. Menstrual Cycle Length and Patterns in a Global Cohort of Women Using a Mobile Phone App: Retrospective Cohort Study. J Med Internet Res. 2020 Jun 24;22(6):e17109. doi: 10.2196/17109. PMID: 32442161; PMCID: PMC7381001.
Thiyagarajan DK, Basit H, Jeanmonod R. Physiology, Menstrual Cycle. 2024 Sep 27. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan–. PMID: 29763196.
Q.
Why Did My Period Come 2 Weeks Early?
A.
Having your period come two weeks early can be caused by various factors, including hormonal imbalances, stress, changes in weight, medical conditions, or lifestyle changes. Understanding these potential causes can help you determine whether further evaluation is needed.
References:
Thiyagarajan DK, Basit H, Jeanmonod R. Physiology, Menstrual Cycle. [Updated 2024 Sep 27]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan-.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK500020/
Mihm M, Gangooly S, Muttukrishna S. The normal menstrual cycle in women. Anim Reprod Sci. 2011 Apr;124(3-4):229-36. doi: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2010.08.030. Epub 2010 Sep 3. PMID: 20869180.
Long WN. Abnormal Vaginal Bleeding. In: Walker HK, Hall WD, Hurst JW, editors. Clinical Methods: The History, Physical, and Laboratory Examinations. 3rd edition. Boston: Butterworths; 1990. Chapter 173.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK282/
Song S, Choi H, Pang Y, Kim O, Park HY. Factors associated with regularity and length of menstrual cycle: Korea Nurses' Health Study. BMC Womens Health. 2022 Sep 1;22(1):361. doi: 10.1186/s12905-022-01947-z. PMID: 36050702; PMCID: PMC9438137.
Q.
What Are the Causes of Having Less Frequent Periods?
A.
Having less frequent periods means your cycle is longer than usual, and it can be caused by things like hormonal imbalances, weight changes, or metabolic conditions.
References:
Rostami Dovom M, Ramezani Tehrani F, Djalalinia S, Cheraghi L, Behboudi Gandavani S, Azizi F. Menstrual Cycle Irregularity and Metabolic Disorders: A Population-Based Prospective Study. PLoS One. 2016 Dec 16;11(12):e0168402. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168402. PMID: 27992506; PMCID: PMC5161370.
Bae J, Park S, Kwon JW. Factors associated with menstrual cycle irregularity and menopause. BMC Womens Health. 2018 Feb 6;18(1):36. doi: 10.1186/s12905-018-0528-x. PMID: 29409520; PMCID: PMC5801702.
Attia GM, Alharbi OA, Aljohani RM. The Impact of Irregular Menstruation on Health: A Review of the Literature. Cureus. 2023 Nov 20;15(11):e49146. doi: 10.7759/cureus.49146. PMID: 38130524; PMCID: PMC10733621.
Q.
Why Might I Be Getting My Period Every 15 Days?
A.
Getting your period every 15 days may happen when your body’s hormones are out of balance, which can lead to very short cycles.
References:
Long WN. Abnormal Vaginal Bleeding. In: Walker HK, Hall WD, Hurst JW, editors. Clinical Methods: The History, Physical, and Laboratory Examinations. 3rd ed. Boston: Butterworths; 1990. Chapter 173. PMID: 21250125.
Rigon F, De Sanctis V, Bernasconi S, Bianchin L, Bona G, Bozzola M, Buzi F, Radetti G, Tatò L, Tonini G, De Sanctis C, Perissinotto E. Menstrual pattern and menstrual disorders among adolescents: an update of the Italian data. Ital J Pediatr. 2012 Aug 14;38:38. doi: 10.1186/1824-7288-38-38. PMID: 22892329; PMCID: PMC3462713.
Ganie MA, Rashid A, Baba MS, Zargar MA, Wani IA, Nisar S, Wani IA, Douhath S, Sriwastawa M, Geer MI, Asrar MM, Kutum R, Hassan S, Khan S, Rafi W, Bhat DA, Showkat W, Sahar T, Choh NA, Khurshid R, Mudassar S, Shah ZA, Shabir I, Sofi SA, Gupta N, Hafeez I, Sreenivas V. Pre-polycystic ovary syndrome and polymenorrhoea as new facets of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): Evidences from a single centre data set. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2023 Dec;99(6):566-578. doi: 10.1111/cen.14964. Epub 2023 Sep 1. PMID: 37656656.
Q.
What Steps Should I Take If I Haven't Had a Period in 12 Months?
A.
If you haven't had a period in 12 months, it's important to see a doctor. They can help find out why and suggest the best steps to take next.
References:
Nawaz G, Rogol AD, Jenkins SM. Amenorrhea. [Updated 2024 Feb 25]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing.
Rebar R. Evaluation of Amenorrhea, Anovulation, and Abnormal Bleeding. [Updated 2018 Jan 15]. In: Feingold KR, Anawalt B, Blackman MR, et al., editors.
Klein DA, Paradise SL, Reeder RM. Amenorrhea: A Systematic Approach to Diagnosis and Management. Am Fam Physician. 2019 Jul 1;100(1):39-48. PMID: 31259490.
Ubie is supervised by 50+ medical experts worldwide
Our symptom checker AI is continuously refined with input from experienced physicians, empowering them to make more accurate diagnoses.
Ubie is recognized by healthcare and tech leaders
“World’s Best Digital
Health Companies”
Newsweek 2024
“Best With AI”
Google Play Best of 2023
“Best in Class”
Digital Health Awards 2023 (Quarterfinalist)
Which is the best Symptom Checker?
Ubie’s symptom checker demonstrated a Top-10 hit accuracy of 71.6%, surpassing the performance of several leading symptom checkers in the market, which averaged around 60% accuracy in similar assessments.
Link to full study:
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.08.29.24312810v1References
Menstruation in Girls and Adolescents: Using the Menstrual Cycle as a Vital Sign
https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/committee-opinion/articles/2015/12/menstruation-in-girls-and-adolescents-using-the-menstrual-cycle-as-a-vital-signACOG Patient FAQ - AUB
https://www.acog.org/womens-health/faqs/abnormal-uterine-bleedingACOG Patient FAQ - Heavy and abnormal periods
https://www.acog.org/womens-health/faqs/heavy-and-abnormal-periodsDiagnosis of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in Reproductive-Aged Women
https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/practice-bulletin/articles/2012/07/diagnosis-of-abnormal-uterine-bleeding-in-reproductive-aged-women