Published on: 7/9/2025
Why do mood swings occur before a period?
Mood swings before a period may happen due to changes in hormones that affect emotions. These changes can make some women feel more emotional or irritable before their period starts.
Explanation
Mood swings before a period, often called premenstrual syndrome (PMS), can be linked to hormonal changes in the body. Hormones like estrogen and progesterone fluctuate during the menstrual cycle, and these changes can affect mood and emotions. Some women experience mood instability, which means their emotions can change quickly or feel more intense.
Research shows that women with PMS experience more mood swings than those without it. These mood changes can include feelings of sadness, irritability, or anxiety. Not all women experience mood swings before their period, and the severity can vary.
If mood swings are severe or cause significant distress, it may be helpful to talk to a healthcare provider. For mental health concerns, you can visit 988lifeline.org.
(References)
- Bowen R, Bowen A, Baetz M, Wagner J, & Pierson R. (2011). Mood instability in women with premenstrual syndrome. Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada : JOGC = Journal d'obstetrique et gynecologie du Canada : JOGC, 21923990.
- Metcalf MG, Livesey JH, Wells JE, & Braiden V. (1989). Mood cyclicity in women with an without the premenstrual .... Journal of psychosomatic research, 2795513.
- Farage MA, Osborn TW, & MacLean AB. (2008). Cognitive, sensory, and emotional changes associated .... Archives of gynecology and obstetrics, 18592262.
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