What causes discoloration of the nail bed and how can it be treated?

Reviewed by Yoshinori Abe, MD

Internal Medicine

Nail bed discoloration—changes in the color of the skin beneath your fingernails or toenails—can result from a range of causes, including fungal or bacterial infections, certain medications (such as chemotherapy drugs or antibiotics), trauma, or underlying health conditions like diabetes, heart disease, liver disorders, or anemia. Treatment depends on the root cause and may involve antifungal therapy, adjusting medications, or managing an underlying illness.

Because nail discoloration can signal anything from a minor issue to a more serious health concern, identifying the cause early is key to getting the right care. Take a free, instant, online symptom check to better understand what may be behind your symptoms and confidently navigate your next steps.

Reviewed for medical accuracy: 07/15/2026

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Explanation

Nail bed discoloration can happen for several reasons. Infections, such as fungal infections, can change the color of the nails, often making them appear yellow, green, or brown. Medications can also cause nail color changes, turning nails blue or gray. Additionally, some health conditions like heart or lung problems can lead to blue nails.

Causes of Nail Discoloration

Infections: Fungal infections are a common cause of nail discoloration.
Medications: Certain drugs may change nail color.
Health Conditions: Conditions affecting the heart or lungs can lead to blue nails.

Treatment Options

For Infections: Antifungal medications may be prescribed.
For Medication-Induced Discoloration: Changing or stopping the medication can help.
For Health Conditions: Treating the underlying condition is essential.

If you notice changes in your nail color, it's important to check your symptoms to help identify the possible cause and determine when to seek medical care.

(References)

Hwang JK, & Lipner SR. (2023). Blue Nail Discoloration: Literature Review and Diagnostic .... American journal of clinical dermatology, 36971947.
Mendiratta V, & Jain A. (2011). Nail dyschromias. Indian journal of dermatology, venereology and leprology, 22016271.
Forouzan P, & Cohen PR. (2021). Fungal Viridionychia: Onychomycosis-Induced .... Cureus, 35036181.

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