What distinguishes narcolepsy type 1 from type 2?

Narcolepsy is a sleep disorder. There are two main types: narcolepsy type 1 and narcolepsy type 2.

Narcolepsy Type 1:

• This type of narcolepsy can include a symptom called cataplexy, which is when strong emotions can rapidly lead to sudden muscle weakness. For example, laughing, surprise, or anger might make someone with narcolepsy type 1 suddenly have slurred speech, feel weak, or fall.
• People with narcolepsy type 1 also have low levels of a brain chemical called hypocretin, which affects sleepiness and wakefulness. People with low levels of hypocretin have narcolepsy type 1, even if they do not have cataplexy.

Narcolepsy Type 2:

• This type of narcolepsy does not include cataplexy (episodes of sudden muscle weakness usually triggered by strong emotions).
• Brain hypocretin levels in people with narcolepsy type 2 are usually normal.

Both types of narcolepsy can cause excessive daytime sleepiness, which means feeling very sleepy during the day even after a good night's sleep. If you or someone you know is experiencing these symptoms, a healthcare provider can provide a personalized medical assessment and treatment plan. Also, more information about narcolepsy is available at https://sleepeducation.org/sleep-disorders/narcolepsy/.