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Published on: 2/3/2026
Pain during sex is not normal; it is a warning signal, and pushing through can heighten nerve sensitivity, tighten pelvic muscles, and make the pain harder to treat. There are several factors to consider, including dryness, infections, pelvic floor tension, endometriosis or fibroids, medication effects, and trauma, and red flags like bleeding, fever, severe or night pain, weight loss, or pain with urination or bowel movements warrant prompt medical care; see below for the complete details and treatment options that could impact your next steps.
Pain during intercourse is more common than many people realize, but that does not make it normal or something you should ignore. For years, people—especially women—have been told that sex is sometimes "just uncomfortable" and that the solution is to relax, endure it, or push through. Medical science and sexual health experts strongly disagree.
Pain is one of the body's most important warning signals. When it shows up during sex, it deserves attention, not dismissal.
This article explains why pain during intercourse matters, what it can mean, and when it's time to speak to a doctor—without creating fear or shame.
Pain during intercourse (also called dyspareunia) can happen before, during, or after sex. It can feel:
While stress and anxiety can affect sexual comfort, physical pain is not imaginary. Leading medical organizations recognize pain during intercourse as a real medical symptom with identifiable causes.
Ignoring it can lead to:
Listening to your body early often leads to easier treatment and better outcomes.
Trying to tolerate pain during intercourse may seem like the easiest option in the moment, but it often creates a harmful cycle.
When you push through pain:
This is not weakness—it's how the nervous system protects you. Continuing to have painful sex can reinforce this pattern, making the discomfort harder to treat later.
Pain during intercourse can come from many sources. Some are simple and treatable, while others need medical care.
None of these are things you should diagnose on your own. Pain is a signal to get proper evaluation.
Pain during intercourse is not always purely physical. Emotional experiences can deeply affect how the body responds to touch.
This may include:
These factors can cause the pelvic muscles to tense automatically, leading to real physical pain—even when everything looks "normal" on an exam.
If past experiences may be contributing to your symptoms, consider using a free AI-powered Sexual Trauma symptom checker to help identify whether trauma could be affecting your physical response and what support options might be right for you.
Many people delay seeking help because they feel embarrassed or worry they'll be dismissed. Others believe pain is something they're supposed to tolerate for a partner's sake.
It's important to be clear:
Healthcare providers are trained to address sexual pain. You are not wasting their time by bringing it up—you are giving them vital information about your health.
Most causes of pain during intercourse are treatable, but some require prompt medical attention.
Speak to a doctor as soon as possible if pain during intercourse is accompanied by:
These symptoms can point to infections, inflammatory conditions, or other serious health concerns that should not be ignored.
Many people worry that seeing a doctor will only lead to uncomfortable exams or vague advice. In reality, evaluation is usually step-by-step and tailored to your comfort level.
A doctor may:
Treatment works best when pain is addressed early rather than endured for years.
Pain during intercourse affects relationships, but it doesn't have to damage them.
Helpful approaches include:
A supportive partner will want your comfort and safety.
Sex should not be something you survive. Pain during intercourse is your body asking for care, not something to ignore or push through.
If pain is new, persistent, or affecting your quality of life:
Getting help is not overreacting—it's responsible, informed self-care.
(References)
* Pastor-Valero M, Gil-Ruiz E, Cueva-Parra A, et al. Dyspareunia: A Review of the Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Management. Medicina (Kaunas). 2022 Nov 9;58(11):1621. doi: 10.3390/medicina58111621. PMID: 36384113; PMCID: PMC9692440.
* Basson R. The psychosexual impact of dyspareunia. J Sex Med. 2012 Mar;9(3):616-24. doi: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2011.02521.x. Epub 2012 Mar 2. PMID: 22409740.
* Fallon D, Bransfield K, Bruns E. Chronic Pelvic Pain: An Integrated Approach to Diagnosis and Management. Am Fam Physician. 2019 Jan 15;99(2):107-113. PMID: 30678696.
* Moreira S, Pimentel R, Silva J. Female sexual pain and its impact on the couple: A systematic review. Sex Med. 2016 Sep;4(3):e162-e176. doi: 10.1016/j.esxm.2016.05.004. Epub 2016 Jul 20. PMID: 27443194; PMCID: PMC5004455.
* Patel M, Lotters D, Van Zyl M. Chronic vulvovaginal pain: recent advances in understanding and management. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2020 Apr;32(2):104-108. doi: 10.1097/GCO.0000000000000609. PMID: 32049968.
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