Published on: 5/30/2025
What are the symptoms and treatment options for primary dysmenorrhea?
Primary dysmenorrhea is painful menstrual cramps that happen without any other medical issue. Common treatments include over-the-counter pain relief (such as ibuprofen), heat therapy, and lifestyle changes like exercise.
Explanation
Primary dysmenorrhea is a common condition where people experience painful menstrual cramps. These cramps usually occur in the lower belly and can start a day or two before the period begins. The pain is often described as throbbing or cramping and can last for a few days.
Symptoms:
- Pain in the lower belly
- Pain that begins before or at the start of the period
- Pain that lasts 1-3 days
Treatment Options:
- Pain Relief: Over-the-counter medicines like ibuprofen, naproxen, acetaminophen or paracetamol can help reduce pain.
- Heat Therapy: Applying a heating pad to the lower belly can ease discomfort.
- Exercise: Regular physical activity may help lessen the severity of cramps.
- Dietary Changes: Eating a balanced diet and staying hydrated can also be beneficial.
These treatments can be effective for many people, but if the pain is severe or doesn't improve, it's important to talk to a healthcare provider for further medical evaluation and advice.
(References)
- Coco AS. (1999). Primary dysmenorrhea. American family physician, 10465224.
- Ferries-Rowe E, Corey E, & Archer JS. (2020). Primary Dysmenorrhea: Diagnosis and Therapy. Obstetrics and gynecology, 33030880.
- Itani R, Soubra L, Karout S, Rahme D, Karout L, & Khojah HMJ. (2022). Primary Dysmenorrhea: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and .... Korean journal of family medicine, 35320895.
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