Published on: 7/9/2025
What steps should I take if someone has a seizure?
If someone has a seizure, stay calm, keep them safe, protect their head, and call for medical help if the seizure lasts longer than 5 minutes or if it's their first seizure.
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Explanation
Knowing what to do during a seizure can help prevent injury and ensure the person receives proper care. Here's what to do:
Stay calm and check the time: Most seizures last 1–2 minutes. Protect the person: Gently guide them to the ground if needed. Move sharp or hard objects out of the way. Cushion the head: Place something soft under their head to prevent injury. Turn them on their side: This helps keep the airway clear and prevents choking, especially if they vomit or have fluid in the mouth. Do not restrain them: Let the seizure run its course. Do not put anything in their mouth: Despite common myths, this can cause injury and is not helpful. Stay with them: Offer reassurance as they recover. They may be confused, tired, or disoriented afterward.
Call 911 or seek emergency help if:
The seizure lasts more than 5 minutes. Another seizure begins right after the first. The person is injured, pregnant, or has diabetes. It's their first known seizure.
Providing a calm and safe environment is the most important thing you can do during a seizure.
(References)
- Nicholl JS. (1999). Prehospital management of the seizure patient. Emergency medical services, 10537415.
- Rossi KC, Baumgartner AJ, Goldenholz SR, & Goldenholz DM. (2020). Recognizing and refuting the myth of tongue swallowing .... Seizure, 33080482.
- DeToledo JC, & Lowe MR. (2001). Seizures, lateral decubitus, aspiration, and shoulder .... Neurology, 11235662.
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