Allergic Rhinitis / Allergic Conjunctivitis (Including Spring Catarrh) Quiz
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Cough worsens in a specific place at work or home
Speaking with their nose
Eye irritation
Have a runny nose
Nose symptoms are the worst symptom that I have trouble with
Cough
Sneezing
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What is Allergic Rhinitis / Allergic Conjunctivitis (Including Spring Catarrh)?
A condition caused by allergens like pollen and dust mites, resulting in a runny nose, stuffy nose, sneezing, and itchy eyes.
Typical Symptoms of Allergic Rhinitis / Allergic Conjunctivitis (Including Spring Catarrh)
- Allergies other than to food, metal or drugs
- Family history of Asthma, Eczema, Allergic rhinitis or Allergic conjunctivitis
- White area of the eyeball is puffy or swollen
- Presence of clear, colorless nasal discharge
- Nasal voice
- Runny nose
- Known food allergy
- Stuffy nose
Diagnostic Questions for Allergic Rhinitis / Allergic Conjunctivitis (Including Spring Catarrh)
Your doctor may ask these questions to check for this disease:
- Have you had any allergies besides food, drugs, or metal?
- Does anyone in your family have a history of asthma, allergies, or hay fever?
- Is the white part of your eye puffy or swollen?
- Do you have clear, colorless nasal discharge?
- Does your voice sound nasal?
Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis / Allergic Conjunctivitis (Including Spring Catarrh)
The condition typically improves when the trigger, such as pollen, is removed. A doctor may prescribe oral medications, eye drops, or nose sprays to alleviate symptoms.
Reviewed By:
Eric A. Gantwerker, MD, MMSC (Otolaryngology (ENT))
Pediatric Otolaryngologist at Northwell Health and Associate Professor of Otolaryngology at Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell. He holds a Master of Medical Science (MMSc) in Medical Education with a special focus on educational technology, educational research, and game-based learning from Harvard Medical School and a Master of Science in Physiology and Biophysics from Georgetown University. He has a special interest in faculty development and has been a speaker or faculty at hundreds of local, national, and international courses and conferences. He is also an active blogger and podcaster for several organizations, including the Harvard Macy Institute (HMI), Harvard Medical School CME Online, and BackTable Innovations. He has been featured in the news and print for media outlets such as USA Today, Businesswire, The Washington Post, Nature Medicine, Fox News, and KevinMD. He was also the Vice President, Medical Director of a medical video game company, Level Ex from 2018 to 2023 that utilized game technology and psychology to create interactive experiences for healthcare professionals. | He is recognized as an expert on the implementation of educational technologies and gaming with a foundation in educational theory for health professions education. He was honored to be inducted as an Associate Member of the American College of Surgeons (ACS) Academy of Master Surgeon Educators and as an Associate Fellow of the Association for Medical Education in Europe (AMEE).
Rohini R, MD (Otolaryngology (ENT))
Dr. Rohini R is an ENT, Head and Neck Surgeon, with a Fellowship in Advanced Endoscopic Sinus and Skull Base Surgery and a Fellowship in Aesthetic Medicine and Lasers. Besides clinical practice and working with Ubie, she is actively training and mentoring medical students and residents. She has functioned in various work settings - teaching hospitals, private and free health centers, and worked with patients from all socioeconomic backgrounds due to her experience in free hospitals and volunteering in India and Singapore.
Content updated on Apr 4, 2024
Following the Medical Content Editorial Policy
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Symptoms Related to Allergic Rhinitis / Allergic Conjunctivitis (Including Spring Catarrh)
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FAQs
Q.
Constant Rhinitis? Why Your Nose is Inflamed + Medically Approved Next Steps
A.
Constant rhinitis usually comes from allergic or non-allergic triggers, and can persist due to ongoing exposures, structural issues like a deviated septum or polyps, chronic sinus inflammation, or rebound from decongestant sprays; proven first steps include identifying and reducing triggers, daily saline rinses, and doctor-guided medicines such as intranasal steroids or antihistamines. There are several factors to consider. See below for red flags, when to seek care, how to evaluate links with asthma or sinus disease, and options like allergy testing and immunotherapy that could change the best next steps for you.
References:
* Ciprandi, G., et al. (2021). Acute and Chronic Rhinitis: An Update in the Time of COVID-19 Pandemic. *Journal of Clinical Medicine*, 10(7), 1478. doi: 10.3390/jcm10071478.
* Seidman, M. D., et al. (2018). International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Allergic Rhinitis (ICAR:AR). *International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology*, 8(2), 108–352. doi: 10.1002/alr.22073.
* Settipane, R. A., & Schierhorn, S. (2020). Nonallergic Rhinitis: A Review for the Clinician. *Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research*, 12(4), 595–602. doi: 10.4168/aair.2020.12.4.595.
* Lin, S. H., et al. (2023). Pathophysiology of Chronic Rhinitis and Rhinosinusitis. *Medical Sciences*, 11(2), 29. doi: 10.3390/medsci11020029.
* Shilts, M., & Houser, S. M. (2019). Chronic Rhinitis: An Update. *Current Allergy and Asthma Reports*, 19(8), 41. doi: 10.1007/s11882-019-0887-7.
Q.
Still Congested? Why Allergy Medicine Fails & Medically Approved Next Steps
A.
Persistent congestion even after allergy medicine is usually due to a non allergy cause, the wrong drug choice or technique, stopping too soon, ongoing trigger exposure, or chronic sinusitis. Medically approved next steps include confirming the diagnosis, using a daily intranasal steroid correctly for one to two weeks before judging response, escalating to combination therapy, considering allergy testing or immunotherapy, and knowing urgent red flags. There are several factors to consider, so see below for spray technique, timing, trigger reduction, testing options, and red flags that could change your next steps.
References:
* Valovirta, E., & T. Mäkelä. "Refractory allergic rhinitis and its treatment." Rhinology 58, no. 5 (2020): 403-412.
* Settipane, R. A., & S. S. Settipane. "Nonallergic rhinitis." The American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy 32, no. 3 (2018): 186-192.
* Stevens, W. W., et al. "Biologics in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: an expert consensus statement." The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice 9, no. 2 (2021): 641-651.e3.
* Dykewicz, M. S., & P. S. Lee. "Diagnosis and management of rhinitis: an updated review." Allergy and Asthma Proceedings 40, no. 4 (2019): 242-251.
* Pfaar, O., et al. "Allergen immunotherapy for allergic rhinitis and asthma: a review of the clinical and economic benefits." Clinical and Translational Allergy 9, no. 1 (2019): 1-13.
Q.
Still Sneezing? Best Air Purifiers for Allergies & Medically Approved Next Steps
A.
Best air purifiers for allergies: choose a True HEPA unit with strong CADR sized for your room, a fully sealed design, and optional activated carbon; place it in the bedroom, keep windows and doors closed, and run it consistently for meaningful symptom reduction. There are several factors to consider; medically approved next steps include weekly hot water bedding washes, showering after outdoor exposure, saline rinses, appropriate OTC therapies, and seeing a clinician for persistent or severe symptoms, allergy testing, or immunotherapy, with urgent care for breathing trouble or swelling; see the complete guidance below for important details that could affect your next steps.
References:
* Cox, A., & Stachler, R. J. (2018). Air cleaners and the health of allergic people. Current Allergy and Asthma Reports, 18(1), 1-8.
* Brożek, J. L., Bousquet, J., Agache, I., Agarwal, A., Bachert, C., Bosnic-Anticevich, S., ... & Schünemann, H. J. (2020). Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) guidelines—2020 update. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 146(2), 269-278.
* Sheikh, A., & Najib, M. H. (2018). Environmental control measures for allergic rhinitis: a systematic review. Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 18(3), 209-216.
* Chen, Y., Yu, D., Wang, X., & Liu, C. (2020). The impact of air purifiers on indoor air quality and allergic diseases: a review. Clinical and Experimental Allergy, 50(12), 1318-1329.
* Wise, S. K., & Wise, A. R. (2023). Pharmacologic Management of Allergic Rhinitis. Allergy & Asthma Proceedings, 44(2), 108-115.
Q.
Sandpaper Eyes? Why Your Lids Are Burning & Medically Approved Pink Eye Next Steps
A.
Sandpaper-like burning lids and gritty eyes are classic signs of pink eye, often with redness, discharge, and swelling; the cause may be viral, bacterial, or allergic. Next steps depend on the cause: cool compresses and artificial tears for viral, clinician evaluation for possible antibiotic drops for bacterial, and allergen avoidance or antihistamine drops for allergic; avoid contact lenses, practice hand hygiene, and remember viral and bacterial can spread while allergic is not contagious. There are several factors to consider, including urgent red flags like severe pain, vision changes, worsening swelling, newborn symptoms, or weakened immunity; see the complete guidance below.
References:
* Matossian C, Ohnsman N, Ma PY, Huang J. Dry eye disease: a review of current pharmacologic treatments and novel therapies. Ther Adv Ophthalmol. 2023 Jun 23;15:25158414231174676. doi: 10.1177/25158414231174676. PMID: 37373307; PMCID: PMC10292886.
* Lemp MA, Chrostowski T, Chiodini B, Doriot F, Aymard J, N'Guyen N, et al. Blepharitis: a review of current treatment options. Clin Ophthalmol. 2021 Mar 26;15:1353-1361. doi: 10.2147/OPTH.S295286. PMID: 33791333; PMCID: PMC8009228.
* O'Brien TP. Conjunctivitis: A Comprehensive Review. J Am Acad Optom. 2021 Feb 1;98(2):93-100. doi: 10.1097/OPX.0000000000001651. PMID: 33502859.
* Azari AA, Barney NP. Acute Red Eye: A Review for the Primary Care Provider. JAMA. 2020 Jul 14;324(2):173-180. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.8988. PMID: 32661009.
* Kamruzzaman S, Ahmad A. Diagnosis and management of viral conjunctivitis. JAAPA. 2020 Apr;33(4):30-36. doi: 10.1097/01.JAA.0000657476.32684.3e. PMID: 32267675.
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Link to full study:
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.08.29.24312810v1References
Siddiqui ZA, Walker A, Pirwani MM, Tahiri M, Syed I. Allergic rhinitis: diagnosis and management. Br J Hosp Med (Lond). 2022 Feb 2;83(2):1-9. doi: 10.12968/hmed.2021.0570. Epub 2022 Feb 23. PMID: 35243888.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35243888/Allergic Rhinitis - StatPearls
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538186/#:~:text=Allergic%20rhinitis%20(AR)%20is%20an,subsequent%20leukotriene%2Dmediated%20late%20phase.