Ischemic Enteritis Quiz
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Stomachache
Blood in stool
I have left lower abdominal pain
I have lower abdominal pain
Abdominal pain
Bloody stool
Pain specific to the lower left side of the abdomen
Not seeing your symptoms? No worries!
What is Ischemic Enteritis?
A condition in which the gut wall is damaged due to insufficient blood supply. Causes include low blood pressure, medications, or clots from the heart.
Typical Symptoms of Ischemic Enteritis
- Blood in stool
- Constipation with urge to go but unable to pass stool
- Abnormal stool color
- Stomach or abdominal pain in a specific area
- Stomach or abdominal pain
- Pain in the lower left abdomen
- Diarrhea followed by constipation, or vice versa
- Pain in the lower abdomen
Diagnostic Questions for Ischemic Enteritis
Your doctor may ask these questions to check for this disease:
- Have you noticed any blood in your stool?
- Do you have constipation where you feel the urge to go but can't pass stool?
- Have you noticed any changes in your stool color?
- Do you have stomach or abdominal pain in a specific area?
- Do you have any stomach or abdominal pain?
Treatment of Ischemic Enteritis
Emergency medical care is necessary. In mild cases, antibiotics and a liquid diet can be administered while monitoring for complications. Some patients may need "clot-buster" medications through an IV or a targeted procedure using a wire in the bloodstream. Other blood thinners may be used to prevent clot recurrence. Severe cases may require surgery to remove parts of dead intestines.
Reviewed By:
Maxwell J. Nanes, DO (Emergency Medicine)
Dr Nanes received a doctorate from the Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine and went on to complete a residency in emergency medicine at the Medical College of Wisconsin. There he trained at Froedtert Hospital and Children's Hospital of Wisconsin in the practice of adult and pediatric emergency medicine. He was a chief resident and received numerous awards for teaching excellence during his time there. | | After residency he took a job at a community hospital where he and his colleagues worked through the toughest days of the COVID-19 pandemic. |
Aiko Yoshioka, MD (Gastroenterology)
Dr. Yoshioka graduated from the Niigata University School of Medicine. He worked as a gastroenterologist at Saiseikai Niigata Hospital and Niigata University Medical & Dental Hospital before serving as the Deputy Chief of Gastroenterology at Tsubame Rosai Hospital and Nagaoka Red Cross Hospital. Dr. Yoshioka joined Saitama Saiseikai Kawaguchi General Hospital as Chief of Gastroenterology in April 2018.
Content updated on Mar 31, 2024
Following the Medical Content Editorial Policy
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FAQs
Q.
Inositol After 65: Neurological and Metabolic Benefits
A.
There are several factors to consider: after 65, inositol, especially myo-inositol, may support brain cell communication, mood and sleep, and can improve insulin signaling to help steady blood sugar while modestly supporting lipids, fat metabolism and liver health. It is not a cure-all, and because it can interact with diabetes, antidepressant, mood stabilizing and thyroid medicines, start low and talk with your clinician; see below for specifics on safety, dosing, food vs supplements, who benefits most, and red flags like new digestive symptoms that could change your next steps.
References:
* Larsen, M. H., Bøgh, K. L., & Jensen, C. H. (2023). Inositol in the management of cognitive decline in older adults: A narrative review. *Journal of Alzheimer's Disease Reports, 7*(1), 173-181.
* Agostini, S., Minelli, A., De Bellis, E., & Catalani, S. (2021). The role of myo-inositol in neurodegenerative diseases: A narrative review. *Nutrients, 13*(7), 2419.
* Formuso, C., Caruso, A., Ciotta, L., Minona, M., Bizzarri, M., & Facchinetti, F. (2021). Myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol in metabolic syndrome. *Nutrients, 13*(8), 2636.
* Facchinetti, F., Bizzarri, M., Benvenuti, P., & Vitiello, N. (2020). Myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol for the management of metabolic syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis. *International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21*(9), 3244.
* Malaguarnera, M., Gargani, C. C., Giunta, S., Malaguarnera, M. G., & D'Oro, S. (2018). Myo-inositol in the treatment of elderly patients with cognitive impairment. *Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 76*, 128-132.
Q.
Inositol for Women: Balancing Hormones & PCOS Symptoms
A.
Inositol, especially myo-inositol alone or with D-chiro-inositol, is a research-backed option that can help women with PCOS by improving insulin sensitivity, promoting more regular cycles and ovulation, reducing androgen symptoms, and supporting metabolic health, and it works best as part of a broader care plan. There are several factors to consider, and the complete answer below covers realistic timelines, dosing, blood sugar effects, pregnancy and medication considerations, side effects, and when to see a doctor.
References:
* D'Anna R, Scilipoti C, Zuccarello D, et al. Myo-inositol in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome: A review. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2021 Jun;153(3):477-485. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.13601. Epub 2021 Mar 31. PMID: 33788975.
* Facchinetti F, Bizzarri M, Benvenga S, et al. Inositols in the PolyCystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2017 Jun;33(6):448-456. doi: 10.1080/09513590.2017.1305411. Epub 2017 Apr 10. PMID: 28394627.
* Liu M, Wu D, Zhao F, et al. Effect of inositol on hyperandrogenism and biochemical parameters in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023 Jan 3;13:1044391. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1044391. PMID: 36684784; PMCID: PMC9843657.
* Monastra G, Papaleo E, Cavalli P, etal. Role of inositols in the treatment of PCOS. Minerva Obstet Gynecol. 2022 Dec;74(6):627-635. doi: 10.23736/S2724-606X.22.05101-3. Epub 2022 Oct 25. PMID: 36282245.
* Bova G, Greco G, Carra L, et al. Myo-Inositol: A Key Role in Oocyte Quality and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Management. Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jan 26;24(3):2434. doi: 10.3390/ijms24032434. PMID: 36768822; PMCID: PMC9916668.
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Link to full study:
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.08.29.24312810v1References
Takeuchi K, Komatsu Y, Nakamori Y, Kotani T. A Rat Model of Ischemic Enteritis: Pathogenic Importance of Enterobacteria, iNOS/NO, and COX-2/PGE2. Curr Pharm Des. 2017;23(27):4048-4056. doi: 10.2174/1381612823666170220154815. PMID: 28228071.
http://www.eurekaselect.com/article/81864Nakamura M, Yamamura T, Maeda K, Sawada T, Mizutani Y, Ishikawa E, Kakushima N, Furukawa K, Ishikawa T, Ohno E, Honda T, Kawashima H, Ishigami M, Fujishiro M. Clinical Features of Ischemic Enteritis Diagnosed by Double-Balloon Endoscopy. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2021 Apr 14;2021:8875564. doi: 10.1155/2021/8875564. PMID: 33954155; PMCID: PMC8062203.
https://www.hindawi.com/journals/cjgh/2021/8875564/Aguila EJT, Francisco CPD, Co JT. Pancreatic cancer masquerading as ischemic enteritis on endoscopy. JGH Open. 2020 Sep 30;5(1):157-159. doi: 10.1002/jgh3.12421. PMID: 33490629; PMCID: PMC7812477.
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jgh3.12421Fang C, Liao X, Lu X. An Acute Progressive Ischemic Enteritis in a Young Patient. Gastroenterology. 2021 Jul;161(1):e11-e13. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.12.033. Epub 2020 Dec 24. PMID: 33359884.
https://www.gastrojournal.org/article/S0016-5085(20)35574-8/fulltext