Atrial Fibrillation (AF) Quiz
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Irregular palpitations
Heart palpitations
Irregular heartbeat
Abnormal heart rhythms
My heart is pounding
I have heart arrhythmia
Irregular heart beat
Not seeing your symptoms? No worries!
What is Atrial Fibrillation (AF)?
Atrial fibrillation is a heart condition causing an irregular and often abnormally fast heart rate, which can result in blood clots in the heart. It increases the risk of stroke, heart failure, and other heart-related complications. Common causes include heart valve diseases and heart failure.
Typical Symptoms of Atrial Fibrillation (AF)
- Irregular heartbeat
- Pounding, rapid or fluttering heartbeat related to breathing
- Fatigue or low energy that is worse in the morning
- Pounding, rapid or fluttering heartbeat during exercise
- Fast heartbeat (more than 100 beats a minute)
- Irregular heart pounding
- Heart pounding
- Difficulty concentrating
Diagnostic Questions for Atrial Fibrillation (AF)
Your doctor may ask these questions to check for this disease:
- Have you been experiencing an irregular heartbeat?
- Are the palpitations related to your breathing?
- Do you experience fatigue or low energy that is worse in the morning?
- Do you get heart palpitations when you exercise?
- Have you been experiencing a fast heartbeat (more than 100 beats a minute)?
Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation (AF)
Medications, such as beta blockers, are typically prescribed to control and restore a normal heart rhythm. The choice of medication depends on the cause of the atrial fibrillation. Medications to reduce stroke risk may also be prescribed.
Reviewed By:
Osler Jay Justo Guzon, MD (Cardiology)
Dr. Guzon graduated from the University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine with a BLA and MD. He then completed his Internal Medicine Residency at St. Louis University before a fellowship in Cardiovascular Diseases at the University of Missouri-Columbia. He has since working as an invasive cardiologist with a particular interest in preventative medicine and cardiometabolic disease. Over the past several years, Dr. Guzon has served on the speaker bureaus of AstraZeneca, Lilly, Boehringer-Ingelheim, and Aralez.
Tatsuya Shiraishi, MD (Cardiology)
Dr. Shiraishi graduated from the Kyoto University School of Medicine. He worked as a cardiologist at Edogawa Hospital, and after joining Ubie, he became the Director of East Nihonbashi Internal Medicine Clinic.
Content updated on Apr 4, 2024
Following the Medical Content Editorial Policy
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- Pulse feels irregular
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Symptoms Related to Atrial Fibrillation (AF)
Diseases Related to Atrial Fibrillation (AF)
FAQs
Q.
Heart Racing? Why A-Fib Happens and Medically Approved Next Steps
A.
Atrial fibrillation is a common cause of a racing or fluttering heart due to disorganized signals in the atria, which raises stroke risk and, if rapid for long periods, can lead to heart failure. There are several factors to consider, including high blood pressure, thyroid disease, sleep apnea, alcohol use, age, diabetes, obesity, and underlying heart problems. Medically approved next steps include prompt evaluation with an ECG, stroke prevention with blood thinners when indicated, heart rate control, and sometimes rhythm restoration with medications, cardioversion, or catheter ablation, plus targeted lifestyle changes; see the complete guidance below for how doctors choose among options and the urgent warning signs that require emergency care.
References:
* Dobrev D, Nattel S. Mechanisms of Atrial Fibrillation. Annu Rev Physiol. 2023 Feb 10;85:313-340. doi: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-032221-011211. Epub 2022 Nov 3. PMID: 36327339.
* Joglar JA, et al. 2023 ACC/AHA/ACCP/HRS Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Atrial Fibrillation: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2023 Sep 26;82(13):e1-e209. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2023.04.017. Epub 2023 Aug 1. PMID: 37620160.
* Li H, Zhang J, Sun F, Zheng R. Risk factors for atrial fibrillation: Update on the current knowledge and clinical implications. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2022 Dec 12;9:1068897. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1068897. PMID: 36578709; PMCID: PMC9789325.
* Kirchhof P, Camm AJ, Goette A, et al. Advances in the treatment of atrial fibrillation. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2021 Dec;18(12):831-848. doi: 10.1038/s41569-021-00569-0. Epub 2021 Jul 26. PMID: 34312529.
* Nattel S, Dobrev D, Gabora E, et al. Atrial Fibrillation: A Global Perspective on Mechanisms and Management. Cardiovasc Res. 2020 Jun 1;116(7):1243-1262. doi: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa017. PMID: 32060592.
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Link to full study:
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.08.29.24312810v1References
Lau DH, Linz D, Sanders P. New Findings in Atrial Fibrillation Mechanisms. Card Electrophysiol Clin. 2019 Dec;11(4):563-571. doi: 10.1016/j.ccep.2019.08.007. PMID: 31706465.
https://www.cardiacep.theclinics.com/article/S1877-9182(19)30108-X/fulltextBosch NA, Cimini J, Walkey AJ. Atrial Fibrillation in the ICU. Chest. 2018 Dec;154(6):1424-1434. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2018.03.040. Epub 2018 Apr 6. PMID: 29627355; PMCID: PMC6335260.
https://journal.chestnet.org/article/S0012-3692(18)30545-2/fulltextZimetbaum P. Atrial Fibrillation. Ann Intern Med. 2017 Mar 7;166(5):ITC33-ITC48. doi: 10.7326/AITC201703070. Erratum in: Ann Intern Med. 2017 Jun 20;166(12 ):920. PMID: 28265666.
https://www.acpjournals.org/doi/10.7326/AITC201703070Reddy V, Taha W, Kundumadam S, Khan M. Atrial fibrillation and hyperthyroidism: A literature review. Indian Heart J. 2017 Jul-Aug;69(4):545-550. doi: 10.1016/j.ihj.2017.07.004. Epub 2017 Jul 5. PMID: 28822529; PMCID: PMC5560908.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0019483217302626?via%3DihubKallistratos MS, Poulimenos LE, Manolis AJ. Atrial fibrillation and arterial hypertension. Pharmacol Res. 2018 Feb;128:322-326. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.10.007. Epub 2017 Oct 18. PMID: 29055746.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1043661817311507?via%3Dihub