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Bow shaped legs
Physical activity worsens pain
Difficulty walking
Low back pain
Bone pain
Bone fracture
Hip pain
Pain in arms or legs
Limbs feel weak
Muscle pain
Whole body pain
Chest bone protruding
Not seeing your symptoms? No worries!
Osteomalacia is the softening of bones due to defective bone mineralization, often caused by vitamin D deficiency, leading to bone pain, muscle weakness, and an increased risk of fractures. Rickets is a condition characterized by weakened and deformed bones due to impaired calcium and phosphorus metabolism, primarily resulting from prolonged vitamin D deficiency.
Your doctor may ask these questions to check for this disease:
Most cases of osteomalacia and rickets can be treated with vitamin D and calcium supplements. In severe cases with skeletal deformities, orthopedic interventions such as bracing or surgery may be necessary to correct bone structure and prevent complications.
Reviewed By:
Kenji Taylor, MD, MSc (Family Medicine, Primary Care)
Dr. Taylor is a Japanese-African American physician who grew up and was educated in the United States but spent a considerable amount of time in Japan as a college student, working professional and now father of three. After graduating from Brown, he worked in finance first before attending medical school at Penn. He then completed a fellowship with the Centers for Disease Control before going on to specialize in Family and Community Medicine at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) where he was also a chief resident. After a faculty position at Stanford, he moved with his family to Japan where he continues to see families on a military base outside of Tokyo, teach Japanese residents and serve remotely as a medical director for Roots Community Health Center. He also enjoys editing and writing podcast summaries for Hippo Education.
Tomohiro Hamahata, MD (Orthopedics)
Dr. Hamahata graduated from the Jikei University of Medical Science. After working at Asanokawa General Hospital and Kosei Chuo Hospital, he joined the Department of Orthopedics at Asakusa Hospital in April 2021, specializing in general orthopedics and joint replacement surgery.
Content updated on Feb 3, 2025
Following the Medical Content Editorial Policy
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Link to full study:
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.08.29.24312810v1Uday S, Högler W. Nutritional rickets & osteomalacia: A practical approach to management. Indian J Med Res. 2020 Oct;152(4):356-367. doi: 10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_1961_19. PMID: 33380700; PMCID: PMC8061584.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8061584/Uday, S., Högler, W. Nutritional Rickets and Osteomalacia in the Twenty-first Century: Revised Concepts, Public Health, and Prevention Strategies. Curr Osteoporos Rep 15, 293–302 (2017).
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11914-017-0383-ySalvatore Minisola, Luciano Colangelo, Jessica Pepe, Daniele Diacinti, Cristiana Cipriani, Sudhaker D Rao, Osteomalacia and Vitamin D Status: A Clinical Update 2020, JBMR Plus, Volume 5, Issue 1, 1 January 2021
https://academic.oup.com/jbmrplus/article/5/1/e10447/7486308