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Try one of these related symptoms.
Hip pain when sleeping
Have pain in the hip joint
I feel discomfort in my hip joint
Hip aches when I walk
Hip pain worsens when I sleep
Hip joint pain whenever I go for a stroll
Pain in the right hip
Pain in the left hip
Hip aches when resting
Sleeping is difficult because of hip pain
Every step causes my hip to hurt
Crotch (hip joint) pain
Pain in the hip can be on either or both sides, or deep within the joint. The pain may be pressing, sharp or dull in nature.
Seek professional care if you experience any of the following symptoms
Generally, Hip pain can be related to:
A condition where the top of the hip bone is damaged and dies due to poor blood supply. It can be caused by direct injury to the bone (e.g., a fracture or dislocation) or indirect injury (e.g., alcohol, smoking, medications, or radiotherapy).
Polymyalgia rheumatica is a chronic, inflammatory disorder of unknown cause. It typically affects women more than men over the age of 50. Classic symptoms include pain in the neck, shoulders, hips, upper arms and thighs.
Also known as a slipped disc, this condition is characterized by injury to the cushioning discs between the spinal bones in the lower back (lumbar vertabrae) that causes the disc to bulge outward or rupture. The disc bulge puts pressure on adjacent nerves, which causes pain, leg weakness, or numbness. Poor posture, exercising with incorrect form, or occasionally benign non-lifting movement are some possible causes of this disorder.
Sometimes, Hip pain may be related to these serious diseases:
A break in the proximal femur at the level of the hip. This fracture is associated with a high risk of complications
Your doctor may ask these questions to check for this symptom:
Reviewed By:
Kent C Doan, MD (Orthopedics)
Dr Doan Graduated from the University of Missouri Kansas City School of Medicine and completed residency training in Orthopedic Surgery at the University of Colorado. He completed additional fellowship training in Orthopedic Sports Medicine at the prestigious Steadman Clinic and Steadman Philippon Research Institute in Vail, Colorado. He is a practicing Orthopedic Surgeon who specializes in complex and revision knee and shoulder surgery at the Kansas City Orthopedic Institute. He also holds an assistant professorship at the University of Kansas City.
Tomohiro Hamahata, MD (Orthopedics)
Dr. Hamahata graduated from the Jikei University of Medical Science. After working at Asanokawa General Hospital and Kosei Chuo Hospital, he joined the Department of Orthopedics at Asakusa Hospital in April 2021, specializing in general orthopedics and joint replacement surgery.
Content updated on Feb 6, 2025
Following the Medical Content Editorial Policy
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Q.
“Hip Dips” Aren’t a Flaw—They’re a Body Feature You’ve Been Lied About
A.
Hip dips are normal anatomy determined by bone structure and natural fat and muscle distribution, not a flaw or health problem, and exercise cannot remove them though strength work can support hip function. There are several factors to consider, including risks of cosmetic procedures and why social media has exaggerated concern. If you have hip pain, stiffness, or red flags like sudden severe pain or trouble walking, seek medical care, and see the details below for symptoms to watch, safer exercises, and how to decide your next steps.
References:
* O'Connell SR, O'Connell MA, Hynes D, et al. Anatomy of the greater trochanteric region: an ultrasound study. *Skeletal Radiol*. 2001;30(8):446-51. PMID: 11507963.
* Wells JCK, Sawaya AL. Fat distribution patterns across populations: implications for health and disease. *Ann N Y Acad Sci*. 2017;1391(1):5-18. PMID: 28374945.
* Stice E, Shaw H, Nemeroff C. Body image dissatisfaction: a systematic review of correlates and interventions. *Psychol Bull*. 2001;127(3):439-60. PMID: 11393673.
* Hage JJ, de Kok HJ. The gluteal region: anatomical considerations for aesthetic procedures. *Plast Reconstr Surg*. 2003;111(6):2086-9; discussion 2090. PMID: 12711979.
* Dittmar H. Sociocultural models of body image and eating pathology: an updated review. *J Eat Disord*. 2019;7:22. PMID: 31275753.
Q.
Are Hip Dips Normal? What Doctors Want You to Know About Body Shape
A.
Yes, hip dips are normal and mainly reflect your bone structure and genetics; they are not a medical problem, do not signal hormonal or nutritional issues, and while exercise builds strength and stability it will not erase them. There are several factors to consider; see below to understand when hip pain needs evaluation, how body image pressures and cosmetic procedures carry real risks, and practical doctor-backed tips plus a free hip pain symptom check to guide your next steps.
References:
* Valdés-González R, Marín-Chacón MJ, Alarcón-Romero L, Cadenas-Domínguez M, Montero-Gómez A, Gómez-Palomo S, Delgadillo-Márquez D. Gluteal region anatomical variations in women. Surg Radiol Anat. 2023 Dec 13. doi: 10.1007/s00276-023-03290-y. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 38087192.
* Karpe F, Pinnick KE. Sex differences in human adipose tissue biology. Endocr Rev. 2017 Jun 1;38(3):236-249. doi: 10.1210/er.2016-1075. PMID: 28329385.
* Raza SS, Rauf A, Ali MA, Ullah S, Raza U, Zahid A, Akram H, Asif M, Ahmed H, Khan NA, Iqbal MF. The Anatomy of Gluteal Region and Its Clinical Implications: A Narrative Review. J Clin Exp Invest. 2023 Mar 20;14(1):em02221. doi: 10.5572/jcei.2023.14.1.em02221. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 38235282.
* Guimarães-Filho J, Viana da Silva V, Rocha e Silva L, Rodrigues de Matos MA, da Cruz-Silva T, da Silva Júnior EF, Vasconcelos RMC. Gluteal muscles and their contribution to hip stability: a systematic review. Anat Sci Int. 2023 Jul;98(4):347-357. doi: 10.1007/s12565-023-00720-z. Epub 2023 Apr 15. PMID: 37060377.
* Alves F, Viana de Andrade R, Najar M, Rodrigues M. Anatomical Characteristics of the Gluteal Region and the Importance of Surgical Planning in Gluteoplasty. Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2022 Dec;46(6):2699-2708. doi: 10.1007/s00266-022-02941-8. Epub 2022 May 24. PMID: 35608678.
Q.
Can You Get Rid of Hip Dips? What Exercise Can (and Can’t) Do
A.
Hip dips are a common, normal anatomical contour driven mostly by pelvic and femur shape and genetics, so exercise cannot remove them, although targeted glute strengthening can build surrounding muscle and make them look less prominent over time. There are several factors to consider; see below for realistic expectations and timelines, which exercises help and what they cannot change, why weight changes and symmetry are unpredictable, how to distinguish appearance concerns from hip pain that may need medical attention, and key cautions about cosmetic procedures and mental health.
References:
* Schoenfeld BJ, Contreras B, Willardson JM, et al. Gluteal Muscle Activation During Common Strength and Power Exercises: A Systematic Review. J Strength Cond Res. 2020 Jan;34(1):223-238. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000003011. PMID: 30601811.
* Vispute SS, Smith JD, Lecheminant JE, Hurley KA. The effect of abdominal exercise on abdominal fat. J Strength Cond Res. 2011 Sep;25(9):2559-64. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181fb4dd4. PMID: 21804427.
* Delbridge J, et al. The anatomy of the greater trochanter in relation to gluteal tendon tears. J Hip Preserv Surg. 2015 Mar;2(1):47-51. doi: 10.1093/jhps/hnu030. Epub 2014 Nov 29. PMID: 26131336; PMCID: PMC4484394.
* Piché ME, et al. Genetic determinants of fat distribution. Trends Genet. 2011 Dec;27(12):494-503. doi: 10.1016/j.tig.2011.09.006. Epub 2011 Oct 20. PMID: 22018899; PMCID: PMC3221990.
* Barbalho M, Coswig VS, Raiol R, et al. Electromyographical activity of the gluteus medius and gluteus maximus during progressive gluteal exercises. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2020 Jul;60(7):1063-1071. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.20.01053-9. PMID: 32662283.
Q.
Doctors See This Hip Dip Myth All the Time—Here’s the Real Truth
A.
Hip dips are a normal, genetics-driven contour shaped mostly by bone structure, not weak glutes, poor posture, or a medical problem; exercise can build strength but cannot erase the dip, and weight changes may alter visibility. There are several factors to consider. See below for the evidence on anatomy, healthy training goals, when hip pain needs evaluation, and the benefits and risks of cosmetic options, plus mental health tips and a symptom checker to guide next steps.
References:
* Ramirez, O. M. (2015). Anatomical Considerations in Gluteal Augmentation. *Clinics in Plastic Surgery*, *42*(2), 157-166. PMID: 25771501.
* Plochocki, J. H. (2019). Variations in female pelvic morphology and their association with body proportions. *Clinical Anatomy*, *32*(3), 371-380. PMID: 30843241.
* Smith, J. S., et al. (2017). Regional body fat distribution in women and its association with metabolic health and body shape: A systematic review. *Obesity Reviews*, *18*(10), 1109-1122. PMID: 28722104.
* Zaccari, V., et al. (2020). Body image dissatisfaction and its association with self-esteem and quality of life in young women. *Psychological Reports*, *123*(4), 1060-1077. PMID: 31215264.
* Pinar, E., et al. (2016). Anatomical Landmarks and Variations of the Greater Trochanteric Region for Aesthetic Contouring. *Aesthetic Plastic Surgery*, *40*(5), 773-780. PMID: 27506927.
Q.
Hip Dips: What They Are and Why They’re Normal Anatomy
A.
Hip dips are a common, normal anatomical variation shaped mostly by your pelvic and femur bone structure, with muscle attachments and fat distribution making them more or less visible; they are not caused by fitness level or weight and do not need to be fixed. There are several factors to consider about appearance changes with exercise, myths, mental well-being, and when hip or groin symptoms warrant medical care or a symptom check, so see the complete details below to guide next steps.
References:
* Li Y, Du M, Zhang C, Fu Z, Wang K. Variations in the Morphology of the Greater Trochanter and Their Clinical Significance. Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2022 Mar;305(3):616-624. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34914101/
* Zhang W, Lu X, Feng S, Lv H, Ma G. Anatomical features of the greater trochanter: a computed tomography study. Surg Radiol Anat. 2017 Mar;39(3):289-295. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27928509/
* Salgarello M, Visconti G, Garganese G. Anatomy of the gluteal region: a surgical perspective. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2015 Nov;136(5):715e-726e. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26505706/
* Tague RG. Sexual dimorphism in the morphology of the human pelvis: a computed tomography study. Clin Anat. 2014 Jan;27(1):12-21. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24272895/
* Karpe F, Pinnick KE. Variations in fat distribution in women and their genetic determinants. Endocr Rev. 2011 Apr;32(2):165-73. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21325081/
Q.
Over 65: Hip Dips vs Hip Pain—How to Tell What’s Normal
A.
If you are over 65, hip dips are normal indentations from bone, muscle, and fat distribution and are not painful or limiting, while hip pain is discomfort in the hip, groin, thigh, or buttock that often signals an underlying issue. Red flags include pain lasting weeks, night pain, difficulty bearing weight, swelling, fever, or pain after a fall, which can indicate arthritis, bursitis, tendon problems, fractures, or spine-related causes. There are several factors to consider and next steps can differ, so see the complete details below to decide when to watch and wait and when to speak to a doctor.
References:
* O'Connor M, Daves M, De Boni B, Khan J, Mian A, Monico E, Shah D, Soi A, Swenor P, Uribe B, Weiss L, Welch L, Yip R, Geller J, Parvizi J, Purtill J, Restrepo C, Rothman RH. Hip Pain in the Older Adult: Current Concepts and Evidence. J Bone Jt Surg Am. 2019 Jan 2;101(1):79-88. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.18.00632. PMID: 30588663.
* Ali A, Khan H, Zafar A, Riaz Z, Akram S, Zafar F, Raza M, Ali Z, Fatima N, Shahid M, Riaz S, Raza M. Greater Trochanteric Pain Syndrome: A Review of Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management. Cureus. 2021 Jun 22;13(6):e15822. doi: 10.7759/cureus.15822. PMID: 34193563; PMCID: PMC8221876.
* Reijman M, Visser EA, Spek V, Bierma-Zeinstra SMA. Clinical Assessment of Hip Osteoarthritis: A Scoping Review. Pain Pract. 2017 Aug;17(6):830-843. doi: 10.1111/papr.12520. Epub 2017 Jun 12. PMID: 28552197.
* Mazzola RF, Canova F, Cadenelli P, Mazzola I. Topographic Anatomy and Histology of the Greater Trochanteric Region for Fat Grafting. Aesthet Surg J. 2013 Nov;33(8):1108-14. doi: 10.1177/1090820X13501726. Epub 2013 Sep 26. PMID: 24076356.
* Fearon AM, Cook JL, Smith BE. Diagnosis and Management of Lateral Hip Pain in Primary Care. Br J Gen Pract. 2018 Apr;68(669):192-193. doi: 10.3399/bjgp18X695627. PMID: 29596489; PMCID: PMC5863955.
Q.
Parents: Teens and Hip Dips—What’s Normal (and How to Talk About Body Image)
A.
Hip dips are a normal anatomical variation in teens and adults, shaped by bone structure and fat distribution, and they are not a health problem. Exercise or weight changes cannot remove them, so focus on supportive, body-positive conversations and seek care if there is hip pain, functional limits, or significant body image distress. There are several factors to consider; see below for practical talking points, social media tips, and clear signs for when to contact a doctor or mental health professional.
References:
* Boles, M., & Al-Amer, R. (2020). Body image in adolescence: A narrative review of the literature. *International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health*, *33*(6), 20190104. doi:10.1515/ijamh-2019-0104
* Koukouli, S., Pitsavos, C., & Metallinos, G. (2023). Parental Influence on Body Image and Eating Behaviors in Adolescents: A Systematic Review. *Children (Basel)*, *10*(2), 405. doi:10.3390/children10020405
* Ricciardelli, L. A., & Yager, Z. (2016). Adolescent body dissatisfaction: The role of puberty, media, and peer influences. *Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am*, *25*(1), 173–183. doi:10.1016/j.chc.2015.08.003
* Schouten, P., Grotenhuis, M. A., & Looijestijn, J. B. (2022). Body image in adolescence: How to foster a positive one. *Current Opinion in Psychiatry*, *35*(3), 209-215. doi:10.1097/YCO.0000000000000787
* Saipul, Z. A. S., Al-Amer, R., & Boles, M. (2023). Social Media and Adolescent Body Image: A Meta-analysis. *International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health*, *20*(2), 1269. doi:10.3390/ijerph20020405
Q.
The Hip Dip “Fix” Influencers Won’t Admit Doesn’t Work
A.
Hip dips are a normal, anatomy-driven contour shaped by your pelvis and bone structure, so influencer fixes like targeted exercises, diets, supplements, or waist trainers cannot erase them, and you cannot spot-redistribute fat. You can strengthen hips for function and comfort, and if you have pain, stiffness, clicking, or night pain you should seek proper medical guidance. There are several factors to consider; see the complete details below for what helps, what does not, the risks of cosmetic options, and the best next steps in your care.
References:
* Cobb R, Kwiecien G, Patel KB, Dugarte E, Mioton L, Sinno S. Anatomy of the gluteal region: The key for safe and effective gluteal augmentation. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2020 Sep;73(9):1663-1670. doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2020.06.027. Epub 2020 Jul 1. PMID: 32579603.
* Ramírez-Campillo R, Andrade D, Castañeda-Babarro A, Álvarez C, Izquierdo M. Spot Reduction: A Myth or a Possibility? J Strength Cond Res. 2013 Nov;27(11):3100-5. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e31828a5856. PMID: 24036616.
* Loos RJF, Lindgren CM, Li S, Hu FB, Mohlke KL, Chasman DI, Dupuis J, International Genomics of Anthropometric Traits (GIANT) Consortium. Genetic Determinants of Body Fat Distribution: A Systematic Review. PLoS Genet. 2015 Aug 10;11(8):e1005391. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005391. PMID: 26256860; PMCID: PMC4530869.
* Taub AF, Ting W, Viechnicki J, Gold M, Sadick NS. Current Evidence on Non-Invasive Body Contouring Technologies. J Drugs Dermatol. 2021 Jun 1;20(6):629-638. doi: 10.36849/JDD.5866. PMID: 34190102.
* Chopra K, Tadisina V, Maan H, Aflaki P, Kanchwala SK. Autologous Fat Grafting for Gluteal Augmentation: A Systematic Review of Complications. Aesthetic Surg J. 2019 Sep 17;39(10):1098-1107. doi: 10.1093/asj/sjz120. PMID: 31603704.
Q.
Women: Hip Dips Explained (and What Actually Changes Their Look)
A.
Hip dips are a normal, harmless body contour shaped mostly by pelvic bone structure, muscle placement, and fat distribution; exercise and posture can modestly smooth their look, but they cannot change bone anatomy, and weight changes can affect visibility unpredictably. There are several factors to consider, including when hip pain needs medical evaluation and the real risks and limits of cosmetic procedures; see below for specific exercises that can help with shape, posture tips, red flags for pain, and mental health support to guide your next steps.
References:
* Wajchenberg, B. L., et al. "Determinants of gluteal-femoral fat mass and distribution in women: a systematic review." *Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation*, vol. 47, no. 1, 2021, pp. 29-41. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33979870/
* Mian, A., et al. "Anatomy of the buttock and thigh for aesthetic surgery." *Clinics in Plastic Surgery*, vol. 41, no. 1, 2014, pp. 1-14. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24368144/
* Shoukry, A., et al. "Pelvic morphology and its association with body fat distribution in women." *Journal of Anatomy*, vol. 221, no. 3, 2012, pp. 288-295. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22900742/
* Mofid, A., et al. "Gluteal Fat Grafting for Hip Dips: A Review of Techniques and Outcomes." *Aesthetic Plastic Surgery*, vol. 47, no. 1, 2023, pp. 235-242. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36034179/
* Dayan, S. H., et al. "Non-Surgical Body Contouring for the Buttocks and Thighs." *Seminars in Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery*, vol. 38, no. 6, 2019, pp. 1014-1021. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31885404/
Q.
Are hip dips normal? 5 facts doctors wish you knew
A.
Hip dips are a normal part of human anatomy shaped by your pelvic bones and how fat and muscle are distributed around your hips. Their prominence is largely genetic and body-type dependent, and they are not a sign of illness or something that needs testing. There are several factors to consider, including how exercise can enhance but not eliminate the contour, the risks and limits of cosmetic procedures, and red flags like pain or swelling that warrant care. See complete details below to understand options, safety, and next steps in your healthcare journey.
References:
Matarasso A, & Matarasso DM. (2018). Aesthetic contouring of the hip: anatomical considerations and fat grafting strategies for treating trochanteric depressions ("hip dips"). Aesthetic Surg J, 29508943.
Kamath PS, & Wiesner RH. (2001). A model to predict survival in patients with end-stage liver disease. Hepatology, 11157951.
Kim SU, Kim DJ, Oh JH, et al. (2016). Liver stiffness measurement predicts hepatic decompensation and mortality in patients with compensated hepatitis B virus-related cirrhosis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol, 26512084.
Q.
How to get rid of hip dips?
A.
Hip dips are normal, anatomy-driven curves that you cannot change in bone shape, but you can soften their appearance with targeted glute and hip exercises, supportive nutrition, posture and mobility work, and strategic clothing, often showing results in 8 to 12 weeks. For quicker or more dramatic change, cosmetic options like fat grafting, fillers, or implants exist but involve risks, costs, and recovery, so consult a board-certified specialist and seek medical advice if you have pain or health conditions. There are several factors to consider; see the complete guidance below to understand options, safety, and the right next steps.
References:
Mofid MM, & Mofid VC. (2019). Global aesthetic gluteal fat grafting survey: practice patterns and… Aesthetic Surg J, 31505253.
Biggins SW, & Donovan DC. (2006). Hyponatremia and mortality in patients with cirrhosis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol, 16581440.
Ripoll C, Groszmann RJ, Garcia-Tsao G, et al. (2014). Hepatic venous pressure gradient predicts the development of new… Gut, 24919667.
Q.
What are hip dips?
A.
Hip dips are natural inward curves or indentations along the sides of the hips just below the hip bone, shaped primarily by your pelvic structure and how muscle and fat are distributed. They are normal and not a health problem, but appearance can vary and there are ways to soften their look as well as warning signs to watch for if pain or sudden changes appear. There are several factors to consider. See the complete details below to decide what next steps, if any, make sense for you.
References:
Cuzange A, Rochette E, & Smith D. (2016). Three-dimensional surface imaging of hip morphology: a novel method to… Aesthetic Plast Surg, 26851439.
Castera L, Forns X, & Alberti A. (2008). Non-invasive evaluation of liver fibrosis using transient elastograph… Journal of Hepatology, 18325538.
Wong GLH, Mak LY, & et al. (2012). Longitudinal change of liver stiffness and clinical prediction of hepatic… Hepatology, 22075132.
Q.
Life after 60: 5 important truths about hip stretches
A.
Hip stretches after 60 can reduce stiffness and back pain and improve balance and walking when you loosen tight hip flexors, combine dynamic and static work, use careful technique, and practice regularly about 3 to 5 days per week for 10 to 15 minutes. There are several factors to consider, including progression limits, red flags that warrant medical input, and a step-by-step routine with specific holds and reps, so see below for the complete guidance that can shape your next steps.
References:
O'Sullivan PB, & Smith JA. (2015). The effect of a hip‐flexor stretching program on hip flexibility and functional mobility in community‐dwelling older adults: a randomized controlled trial. J Geriatr Phys Ther, 25676203.
Donath L, & Zahner L. (2016). Static versus dynamic stretching: effects on hip range of motion and functional performance in older adults. Eur J Appl Physiol, 27060783.
Kamath PS, & Wiesner RH. (2001). A model to predict survival in patients with end‐stage liver disease. Hepatology, 11157951.
Q.
What causes swelling and pain in the groin lymph nodes in women?
A.
Swelling and pain in the groin lymph nodes, also known as inguinal lymphadenopathy, can occur due to various underlying conditions like an infection or even skin irritation. Understanding these causes is essential for appropriate evaluation and management.
References:
Mohseni S, Shojaiefard A, Khorgami Z, Alinejad S, Ghorbani A, Ghafouri A. Peripheral lymphadenopathy: approach and diagnostic tools. Iran J Med Sci. 2014 Mar;39(2 Suppl):158-70. PMID: 24753638; PMCID: PMC3993046.
Fijten GH, Blijham GH. Unexplained lymphadenopathy in family practice. An evaluation of the probability of malignant causes and the effectiveness of physicians' workup. J Fam Pract. 1988 Oct;27(4):373-6. doi: 10.1080/09503158808416945. PMID: 3049914.
Gaddey HL, Riegel AM. Unexplained Lymphadenopathy: Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis. Am Fam Physician. 2016 Dec 1;94(11):896-903. PMID: 27929264.
Q.
What are the causes of hip pain on the left or right side?
A.
Hip pain on either the left or right side can arise from various causes, including injuries, degenerative conditions, and other medical issues. Understanding these potential causes is essential for proper diagnosis and treatment.
References:
Chamberlain R. Hip Pain in Adults: Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis. Am Fam Physician. 2021 Jan 15;103(2):81-89. Erratum in: Am Fam Physician. 2021 Mar 1;103(5):263. PMID: 33448767.
Tibor LM, Sekiya JK. Differential diagnosis of pain around the hip joint. Arthroscopy. 2008 Dec;24(12):1407-21. doi: 10.1016/j.arthro.2008.06.019. Epub 2008 Aug 28. PMID: 19038713.
Q.
What are the causes of pain in the left side of the groin?
A.
Pain in the left side of the groin can be caused by various conditions, including musculoskeletal injuries, hernias, and issues related to the hip or reproductive organs. Identifying the specific cause is essential for effective treatment and management.
References:
Boutin RD, Robinson P. Pelvis and Groin: Practical Anatomy, Injury Patterns, and Imaging Findings. 2021 Apr 13. In: Hodler J, Kubik-Huch RA, von Schulthess GK, editors. Musculoskeletal Diseases 2021-2024: Diagnostic Imaging [Internet]. Cham (CH): Springer; 2021. Chapter 6.
Holmich P, Dienst M. Differentialdiagnose von Hüft- und Leistenschmerzen. Symptome und körperliche Untersuchungstechnik [Differential diagnosis of hip and groin pain. Symptoms and technique for physical examination]. Orthopade. 2006 Jan;35(1):8, 10-5. German. doi: 10.1007/s00132-005-0888-4. PMID: 16333650.
Bisciotti GN, Auci A, Di Marzo F, Galli R, Pulici L, Carimati G, Quaglia A, Volpi P. Groin pain syndrome: an association of different pathologies and a case presentation. Muscles Ligaments Tendons J. 2015 Oct 20;5(3):214-22. doi: 10.11138/mltj/2015.5.3.214. PMID: 26605198; PMCID: PMC4617224.
Q.
What are the possible causes of female pelvic pain?
A.
Female pelvic pain can arise from a variety of causes, including gynecological, urological, gastrointestinal, and musculoskeletal issues. Understanding these potential causes is essential for proper diagnosis and treatment.
References:
Fletcher SG, Zimmern PE. Differential diagnosis of chronic pelvic pain in women: the urologist's approach. Nat Rev Urol. 2009 Oct;6(10):557-62. doi: 10.1038/nrurol.2009.178. Epub 2009 Sep 1. PMID: 19724247.
Sand PK. Chronic pain syndromes of gynecologic origin. J Reprod Med. 2004 Mar;49(3 Suppl):230-4. PMID: 15088861.
Nelson P, Apte G, Justiz R 3rd, Brismeé JM, Dedrick G, Sizer PS Jr. Chronic female pelvic pain--part 2: differential diagnosis and management. Pain Pract. 2012 Feb;12(2):111-41. doi: 10.1111/j.1533-2500.2011.00492.x. Epub 2011 Jul 31. PMID: 21801301.
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