Premature Rupture of Membranes Quiz
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Feel like water broke
Vaginal discharge
Vaginal bleeding
Frequent contractions
Labor pain
Repeated abdominal pain during pregnancy
Unexpected vaginal bleeding
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What is Premature Rupture of Membranes?
Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) is a rupture of the membranes (amniotic sac) before labor begins, close to term. If membrane rupture occurs before 37 weeks, it's called preterm PROM. PROM occurs in about 8% to 10% of all pregnancies. In most cases, the cause of PROM is unknown. Risk factors include infections of the uterus, cervix, or vagina, or increased amniotic fluid causing too much stretching of the amniotic sac.
Typical Symptoms of Premature Rupture of Membranes
- Feel like water has broken/amniotic fluid is coming out
- Currently pregnant
- Increased vaginal discharge that is smelly
- Diagnosed with multiple pregnancy (twins or more)
- Stomach feels constantly hard and stiff like a board
- Increase in vaginal discharge
- History of preterm labor
- Vaginal bleeding or discolored discharge outside of your period
Diagnostic Questions for Premature Rupture of Membranes
Your doctor may ask these questions to check for this disease:
- Do you feel like your water has broken?
- Are you pregnant?
- Has the vaginal discharge odor worsened recently?
- Are you carrying more than one fetus?
- Is your stomach always hard and stiff like a board?
Treatment of Premature Rupture of Membranes
Treatment for premature rupture of membrane includes hospitalization and monitoring. There's also a higher chance of giving birth early, so the mother is given medications called corticosteroids that may help mature the lungs of the fetus, and possibly antibiotics (to prevent or treat infections). Rarely, the membranes seal and fluid leak may stop.
Reviewed By:
Kenji Taylor, MD, MSc (Family Medicine, Primary Care)
Dr. Taylor is a Japanese-African American physician who grew up and was educated in the United States but spent a considerable amount of time in Japan as a college student, working professional and now father of three. After graduating from Brown, he worked in finance first before attending medical school at Penn. He then completed a fellowship with the Centers for Disease Control before going on to specialize in Family and Community Medicine at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) where he was also a chief resident. After a faculty position at Stanford, he moved with his family to Japan where he continues to see families on a military base outside of Tokyo, teach Japanese residents and serve remotely as a medical director for Roots Community Health Center. He also enjoys editing and writing podcast summaries for Hippo Education.
Seiji Kanazawa, MD, PHD (Obstetrics and Gynecology (OBGYN))
Dr. Kanazawa graduated from the Niigata University Faculty of Medicine and received his Ph.D. from the Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine. He is working on the front line of the General Perinatal Center, including the Tokyo Tama General Medical Center and the National Center for Research in Fertility Medicine, where he provides maternal and fetal care and undertakes clinical research. At Ubie, Dr. Kanazawa has been designing the Ubie AI Symptom Checker and has taken on the role of general obstetrics and gynecology consultation at FMC Tokyo Clinic by providing fetal ultrasound and prenatal consultation.
Content updated on Feb 3, 2025
Following the Medical Content Editorial Policy
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People with similar symptoms also use Ubie's symptom checker to find possible causes
- I think my water has broken
- Leaking fluid followed by contractions
- Smelly vaginal discharge
- Uncontrollable leaking from the vagina
- Rupture of membranes
- Premature rupture of the membranes
- Vaginal discharge odor
- There is a large amount of vaginal discharge with bad smell
- Excessive amount of vaginal discharge
See full list
Symptoms Related to Premature Rupture of Membranes
Diseases Related to Premature Rupture of Membranes
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Link to full study:
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.08.29.24312810v1References
Garg A, Jaiswal A. Evaluation and Management of Premature Rupture of Membranes: A Review Article. Cureus. 2023 Mar 24;15(3):e36615. doi: 10.7759/cureus.36615. PMID: 37155446; PMCID: PMC10122752.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10122752/Dayal S, Jenkins SM, Hong PL. Preterm and Term Prelabor Rupture of Membranes (PPROM and PROM) [Updated 2024 Oct 31]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532888/Jena, B.H., Biks, G.A., Gete, Y.K. et al. Incidence of preterm premature rupture of membranes and its association with inter-pregnancy interval: a prospective cohort study. Sci Rep 12, 5714 (2022).
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-09743-3Herzlich, J., Mangel, L., Halperin, A. et al. Neonatal outcomes in women with preterm premature rupture of membranes at periviable gestational age. Sci Rep 12, 11999 (2022).
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-16265-5