Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (AIDS-Related PML) Quiz
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Reviewed By:
Caroline M. Doan, DO (Internal medicine)
Dr. Doan received a Bachelor of Science degree with honors from UCLA. Prior to obtaining her medical degree, she was involved in oncology clinical research at City of Hope, a National Cancer Institute-designated comprehensive cancer center in southern California. She attended medical school at Touro University California, and completed her residency in Internal Medicine at Oregon Health & Science University. She is certified by the American Board of Internal Medicine and holds an active medical license in several states. She currently works as a physician for Signify Health providing home-based health care.
Shohei Harase, MD (Neurology)
Dr. Harase spent his junior and senior high school years in Finland and the U.S. After graduating from the University of Washington (Bachelor of Science, Molecular and Cellular Biology), he worked for Apple Japan Inc. before entering the University of the Ryukyus School of Medicine. He completed his residency at Okinawa Prefectural Chubu Hospital, where he received the Best Resident Award in 2016 and 2017. In 2021, he joined the Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine at the National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, specializing in hyperacute stroke.
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Learn more about Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (AIDS-related PML)
Content updated on Sep 20, 2022
What is progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (AIDS-related PML)?
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a severe neurological disorder caused by destruction of cells that produce myelin (protective layer around nerves) in the white matter of the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord). It is caused by reactivation of the JC (John Cunningham) virus. Most adults have been exposed to this virus and it usually does not cause any problems, but people with a weakened immune system are at higher risk for developing PML. Classically, PML is associated with patients who have HIV/AIDS, but it can also occur in patients without HIV who have a weakened immune system due to other reasons.
Symptoms of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (AIDS-related PML)
Poor memory
Weakness on one side of the body
Weakness in arms or legs
Unable to speak or using incorrect words
Stuttering / stammering
Hands and legs became clumsy - I cannot do fine work with them
Speech that does not make sense, or behavior that is strange
Blind spots or blind areas in vision
Questions your doctor may ask to check for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (AIDS-related PML)
Your doctor may ask these questions to diagnose progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (AIDS-related PML)
Have you been forgetful recently?
Are you unable to move the left or right side of your body?
Do you feel any weakness in your arms or legs?
Are you unable to speak at all, or do you find yourself saying words you did not intend?
Do you stutter or stammer?
Treatment for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (AIDS-related PML)
Treatment for PML mainly involves strengthening the immune system. Underlying medical conditions weakening the immune system should be treated. For example, those with HIV/ AIDS should be treated with antiretroviral therapy.
View the symptoms of Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (AIDS-related PML)
Diseases related to Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (AIDS-related PML)
Reviewed By:
Caroline M. Doan, DO (Internal medicine)
Dr. Doan received a Bachelor of Science degree with honors from UCLA. Prior to obtaining her medical degree, she was involved in oncology clinical research at City of Hope, a National Cancer Institute-designated comprehensive cancer center in southern California. She attended medical school at Touro University California, and completed her residency in Internal Medicine at Oregon Health & Science University. She is certified by the American Board of Internal Medicine and holds an active medical license in several states. She currently works as a physician for Signify Health providing home-based health care.
Shohei Harase, MD (Neurology)
Dr. Harase spent his junior and senior high school years in Finland and the U.S. After graduating from the University of Washington (Bachelor of Science, Molecular and Cellular Biology), he worked for Apple Japan Inc. before entering the University of the Ryukyus School of Medicine. He completed his residency at Okinawa Prefectural Chubu Hospital, where he received the Best Resident Award in 2016 and 2017. In 2021, he joined the Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine at the National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, specializing in hyperacute stroke.
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Obstetrics and gynecology (OBGYN)
National Center for Child Health and Development, Japan