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A disease in which "amyloid," an abnormal type of protein, accumulates in various organs, causing damage. Affected areas can include the heart, kidneys, and gastrointestinal tract. The causes are diverse.
Your doctor may ask these questions to check for this disease:
There is currently no cure for amyloidosis, so treatment focuses on slowing the disease and managing symptoms. As organs become damaged, treatments like dialysis or organ transplants may be needed.
Reviewed By:
Caroline M. Doan, DO (Internal Medicine)
Dr. Doan received a Bachelor of Science degree with honors from UCLA. Prior to obtaining her medical degree, she was involved in oncology clinical research at City of Hope, a National Cancer Institute-designated comprehensive cancer center in southern California. She attended medical school at Touro University California, and completed her residency in Internal Medicine at Oregon Health & Science University. She is certified by the American Board of Internal Medicine and holds an active medical license in several states. She currently works as a physician for Signify Health providing home-based health care.
Yoshinori Abe, MD (Internal Medicine)
Dr. Abe graduated from The University of Tokyo School of Medicine in 2015. He completed his residency at the Tokyo Metropolitan Health and Longevity Medical Center. He co-founded Ubie, Inc. in May 2017, where he currently serves as CEO & product owner at Ubie. Since December 2019, he has been a member of the Special Committee for Activation of Research in Emergency AI of the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine. | | Dr. Abe has been elected in the 2020 Forbes 30 Under 30 Asia Healthcare & Science category.
Content updated on Mar 31, 2024
Following the Medical Content Editorial Policy
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Q.
Amyloidosis in Women 65+: Early Signs You Shouldn’t Ignore
A.
Early signs in women 65+ can include persistent fatigue and unexplained weight loss. Also watch for shortness of breath, leg or ankle swelling, irregular heartbeat, foamy urine or puffiness around the eyes, numbness or tingling or new carpal tunnel in both hands, digestive changes, easy bruising, or an enlarged tongue, especially when several occur together. There are several factors to consider, and early evaluation can protect the heart, kidneys, and nerves; see below for the full list of red flags, what makes amyloidosis easy to miss, how it is diagnosed, when to seek urgent care, and practical next steps to take with your doctor.
References:
* Stone JR, Pahuja M, Ajithkumar A, Nattel M, Naim N, Sherif S, Dubin R, Bokhari S. Recognizing Transthyretin Amyloid Cardiomyopathy in Women: An Underdiagnosed and Underrepresented Population. J Card Fail. 2022 May;28(5):811-820. PMID: 34793910.
* D'Souza R, Dweck MR, Dungu JN, Dronamraju N, Garg P, Harkness A, Lachmann H, Lattimore G, Martinez-Naharro A, Whelan CJ, Wechalekar AD, Gillmore JD, Fontana M, Huttin O. Sex-Specific Differences in Clinical Presentation and Outcomes in Transthyretin Amyloid Cardiomyopathy. Circulation. 2021 May 11;143(19):1889-1899. PMID: 33596660.
* García-Pavía P, García-González C, García-Ortiz A, De Teresa E, Mazón P, Barrientos-Parejo N, Lara-Padrón A, de la Fuente-Fernández A, Ortiz-Fernández R, Martínez-Naharro A, De la Espriella R, Fontana M. Sex-related differences in amyloid cardiomyopathy due to transthyretin. Eur J Heart Fail. 2020 Dec;22(12):2249-2258. PMID: 32662283.
* D'Souza R, D'Souza S, Nordin S, Dungu JN. Prevalence of wild-type transthyretin amyloidosis in older patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2021 Jun;69(6):1604-1617. PMID: 33611728.
* Gertz MA. Amyloid light-chain amyloidosis: an update. Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program. 2021 Dec 10;2021(1):640-646. PMID: 34882046.
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Link to full study:
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.08.29.24312810v1Wechalekar AD, Gillmore JD, Hawkins PN. Systemic amyloidosis. Lancet. 2016 Jun 25;387(10038):2641-2654. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)01274-X. Epub 2015 Dec 21. PMID: 26719234.
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(15)01274-X/fulltextFalk RH, Alexander KM, Liao R, Dorbala S. AL (Light-Chain) Cardiac Amyloidosis: A Review of Diagnosis and Therapy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016 Sep 20;68(12):1323-41. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.06.053. PMID: 27634125.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735109716346046?via%3DihubVaxman I, Gertz M. When to Suspect a Diagnosis of Amyloidosis. Acta Haematol. 2020;143(4):304-311. doi: 10.1159/000506617. Epub 2020 Apr 27. PMID: 32340017.
https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/506617Khoor A, Colby TV. Amyloidosis of the Lung. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2017 Feb;141(2):247-254. doi: 10.5858/arpa.2016-0102-RA. PMID: 28134587.
https://meridian.allenpress.com/aplm/article/141/2/247/132695/Amyloidosis-of-the-LungIhne S, Morbach C, Sommer C, Geier A, Knop S, Störk S. Amyloidosis-the Diagnosis and Treatment of an Underdiagnosed Disease. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2020 Mar 6;117(10):159-166. doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2020.0159. PMID: 32295695; PMCID: PMC7171477.
https://www.aerzteblatt.de/int/archive/article/212836