Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Quiz
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Shortness of breath
Easily tired
Heart palpitations
Skin pale
Swelling in the area under my right ribs
Irregular heartbeat
Irregular palpitations
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What is Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension?
Pulmonary arterial hypertension is high blood pressure in the small blood vessels of the lungs. It can be caused by heart disease, connective tissue disease, blood vessel disease, high blood pressure, liver disease, blood clots in the blood vessels to the lungs, and lung diseases. It can affect anyone but is more common in women.
Typical Symptoms of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
- History of HIV or AIDS
- Wheezing or whistling sounds when breathing
- History of connective tissue, autoimmune or rheumatic disease
- Difficulty breathing
- Fainting
- Bluish or pale skin
- Feels a hard lump in upper right abdomen
- Left-sided chest pain
Diagnostic Questions for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Your doctor may ask these questions to check for this disease:
- Have you ever been diagnosed with HIV or AIDS?
- Do you experience wheezing or whistling sounds when breathing?
- Have you ever been diagnosed with a connective tissue, autoimmune, or rheumatic disease?
- Are you experiencing difficulty breathing?
- Have you fainted recently?
Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
There is no cure, but medications can control and slow disease progression. Medications may be taken orally, inhaled, or given through an IV line. Lifestyle changes like diet, exercise, and quitting smoking should be adopted. Severe cases may need further treatment such as an organ transplant.
Reviewed By:
Osler Jay Justo Guzon, MD (Cardiology)
Dr. Guzon graduated from the University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine with a BLA and MD. He then completed his Internal Medicine Residency at St. Louis University before a fellowship in Cardiovascular Diseases at the University of Missouri-Columbia. He has since working as an invasive cardiologist with a particular interest in preventative medicine and cardiometabolic disease. Over the past several years, Dr. Guzon has served on the speaker bureaus of AstraZeneca, Lilly, Boehringer-Ingelheim, and Aralez.
Eisaku Kamakura, MD (Pulmonology)
Dr. Kamakura graduated from the Tokyo Medical and Dental University, School of Dentistry, and the Niigata University School of Medicine. He trained at Yokosuka Kyosai Hospital and held positions in the Respiratory Medicine departments at Yokosuka Kyosai Hospital, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Ome City General Hospital, and Musashino Red Cross Hospital. In 2021, he became the specially appointed assistant professor at the Department of General Medicine, Niigata University School of Medicine.
Content updated on May 13, 2024
Following the Medical Content Editorial Policy
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- Whistling when I breathe
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Symptoms Related to Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Diseases Related to Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
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Link to full study:
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.08.29.24312810v1References
Hassoun PM. Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. N Engl J Med. 2021 Dec 16;385(25):2361-2376. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra2000348. PMID: 34910865.
https://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMra2000348Coons JC, Pogue K, Kolodziej AR, Hirsch GA, George MP. Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: a Pharmacotherapeutic Update. Curr Cardiol Rep. 2019 Nov 22;21(11):141. doi: 10.1007/s11886-019-1235-4. PMID: 31758342.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11886-019-1235-4Galiè N, Channick RN, Frantz RP, Grünig E, Jing ZC, Moiseeva O, Preston IR, Pulido T, Safdar Z, Tamura Y, McLaughlin VV. Risk stratification and medical therapy of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Eur Respir J. 2019 Jan 24;53(1):1801889. doi: 10.1183/13993003.01889-2018. PMID: 30545971; PMCID: PMC6351343.
https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/53/1/1801889Rosenzweig EB, Abman SH, Adatia I, Beghetti M, Bonnet D, Haworth S, Ivy DD, Berger RMF. Paediatric pulmonary arterial hypertension: updates on definition, classification, diagnostics and management. Eur Respir J. 2019 Jan 24;53(1):1801916. doi: 10.1183/13993003.01916-2018. PMID: 30545978; PMCID: PMC6351335.
https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/53/1/1801916Southgate L, Machado RD, Gräf S, Morrell NW. Molecular genetic framework underlying pulmonary arterial hypertension. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2020 Feb;17(2):85-95. doi: 10.1038/s41569-019-0242-x. Epub 2019 Aug 12. PMID: 31406341.
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41569-019-0242-x