Rupture of Esophageal Varices Quiz
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Reviewed By:
Maxwell J. Nanes, DO (Emergency department)
Dr Nanes received a doctorate from the Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine and went on to complete a residency in emergency medicine at the Medical College of Wisconsin. There he trained at Froedtert Hospital and Children's Hospital of Wisconsin in the practice of adult and pediatric emergency medicine. He was a chief resident and received numerous awards for teaching excellence during his time there. | | After residency he took a job at a community hospital where he and his colleagues worked through the toughest days of the COVID-19 pandemic. |
Aiko Yoshioka, MD (Gastroenterology)
Dr. Yoshioka graduated from the Niigata University School of Medicine. He worked as a gastroenterologist at Saiseikai Niigata Hospital and Niigata University Medical & Dental Hospital before serving as the Deputy Chief of Gastroenterology at Tsubame Rosai Hospital and Nagaoka Red Cross Hospital. Dr. Yoshioka joined Saitama Saiseikai Kawaguchi General Hospital as Chief of Gastroenterology in April 2018.
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Learn more about Rupture of esophageal varices
Content updated on Sep 20, 2022
What is rupture of esophageal varices?
Tearing of blood vessels in the esophagus (food pipe), causing massive bleeding. This is usually seen in end-stage liver disease, where veins become enlarged from high pressure.
Symptoms of rupture of esophageal varices
Vomited blood
Black, shiny stool
Nausea or vomiting
Stomach feels bloated
Loss of appetite
History of liver cirrhosis
Questions your doctor may ask to check for rupture of esophageal varices
Your doctor may ask these questions to diagnose rupture of esophageal varices
Did you vomit blood?
Do you have stools that are black (like hair) and shiny?
Do you have nausea or vomiting?
Do you feel that your abdomen (stomach) is bloated or has a lot of gas?
Do you have less or no appetite, therefore eat less food?
Treatment for rupture of esophageal varices
Treatment aims to stop bleeding and support the patient's blood pressure. This is usually done through a camera "scope" procedure to tie off the bleeding areas. Medications and "drip" fluids are given in the meantime. In some cases, surgery is needed to redirect blood flow away from the varices, or for a liver transplant.
View the symptoms of Rupture of esophageal varices
Diseases related to Rupture of esophageal varices
References
Pimenta JR, Ferreira AR, Fagundes ED, Queiroz TC, Baptista RA, de Araújo Moreira EG, de Resende CB, Bittencourt PF, Carvalho SD, Neto JA, Penna FJ. Factors Associated With Bleeding Secondary to Rupture of Esophageal Varices in Children and Adolescents With Cirrhosis. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2017 Feb;64(2):e44-e48. doi: 10.1097/MPG.0000000000001362. PMID: 27496799.
https://journals.lww.com/jpgn/Fulltext/2017/02000/Factors_Associated_With_Bleeding_Secondary_to.32.aspx
Hatayama K, Washio Y, Okamura T, Noda T, Tsukahara H. Neonatal hemochromatosis associated with rupture of esophageal varices. Pediatr Int. 2019 Jul;61(7):735-737. doi: 10.1111/ped.13908. PMID: 31359540.
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ped.13908
Reviewed By:
Maxwell J. Nanes, DO (Emergency department)
Dr Nanes received a doctorate from the Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine and went on to complete a residency in emergency medicine at the Medical College of Wisconsin. There he trained at Froedtert Hospital and Children's Hospital of Wisconsin in the practice of adult and pediatric emergency medicine. He was a chief resident and received numerous awards for teaching excellence during his time there. | | After residency he took a job at a community hospital where he and his colleagues worked through the toughest days of the COVID-19 pandemic. |
Aiko Yoshioka, MD (Gastroenterology)
Dr. Yoshioka graduated from the Niigata University School of Medicine. He worked as a gastroenterologist at Saiseikai Niigata Hospital and Niigata University Medical & Dental Hospital before serving as the Deputy Chief of Gastroenterology at Tsubame Rosai Hospital and Nagaoka Red Cross Hospital. Dr. Yoshioka joined Saitama Saiseikai Kawaguchi General Hospital as Chief of Gastroenterology in April 2018.
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Seiji Kanazawa, MD, PHD
Obstetrics and gynecology (OBGYN)
National Center for Child Health and Development, Japan