Jaundice
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Try one of these related symptoms.
White of the eyes are yellow
Icterus
About the Symptom
It is a condition in which the skin and whites of the eyes turn yellow because of high levels of bilirubin, a yellowish pigment, circulating in the blood. Bilirubin is a waste product created during the breakdown of old red blood cells.
When to See a Doctor
Seek professional care if you experience any of the following symptoms
- Yellow skin or eyes
Possible Causes
Generally, Jaundice can be related to:
- Congenital Biliary Atresia
A condition in which a baby is born with abnormally narrow or even absent bile ducts in the liver. It can cause rapid liver failure, so prompt medical attention is needed. The exact cause is unclear, but genetics and exposure to certain toxins may play a role.
- Carotenosis
Carotenosis is a reversible medical condition caused by excess dietary carotenoids (carrots, squash, sweet potato, pumpkin, spinach, beans, breast milk) leading to orange discoloration of the skin. It can be mistaken for jaundice. In rare cases, carotenosis can result from systemic diseases like diabetes, kidney, thyroid, or liver disease.
- Pancreatic Cancer
Pancreatic cancers most commonly arise in the cells that line the ducts of the pancreas. Risk factors include heavy alcohol use resulting in chronic pancreatitis, diabetes, obesity, and smoking, and a family history of pancreatic cancer as well as some inherited syndromes. There are usually no symptoms when the tumor is small but later symptoms include yellowing of the skin (jaundice), mid-back pain, abdominal pain or discomfort, weight loss and fatigue.
Congenital Biliary Dilatation
- Biliary Tract Cancer
- Sickle Cell Disease
Related Serious Diseases
Sometimes, Jaundice may be related to these serious diseases:
- Hepatic Encephalopathy
The liver removes toxins like ammonia from the blood. In liver failure, these toxins build up in the body and brain, causing confusion and abnormal behavior.
- Viral Associated Hemophagocytic Syndrome
- Esophageal Varices Rupture
- Acute Cholangitis
Doctor's Diagnostic Questions
Your doctor may ask these questions to check for this symptom:
- Have you noticed any yellowing of your eyes or skin?
- When did you first notice your yellowish eyes or skin?
- How often do you experience yellowish eyes or skin?
- How are your yellowish eyes or skin now?
Reviewed By:
Samantha Nazareth, MD (Gastroenterology)
Board-certified gastroenterologist. Experience managing gastrointestinal conditions (GERD, IBS, ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s, celiac disease, NASH) within healthcare organizations (three ambulatory surgical centers, single-specialty practice, multi-specialty practice and solo practice).
Yoshinori Abe, MD (Internal Medicine)
Dr. Abe graduated from The University of Tokyo School of Medicine in 2015. He completed his residency at the Tokyo Metropolitan Health and Longevity Medical Center. He co-founded Ubie, Inc. in May 2017, where he currently serves as CEO & product owner at Ubie. Since December 2019, he has been a member of the Special Committee for Activation of Research in Emergency AI of the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine. | | Dr. Abe has been elected in the 2020 Forbes 30 Under 30 Asia Healthcare & Science category.
Content updated on Feb 6, 2025
Following the Medical Content Editorial Policy
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Link to full study:
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.08.29.24312810v1References
Roche SP, Kobos R. Jaundice in the adult patient. Am Fam Physician. 2004 Jan 15;69(2):299-304. PMID: 14765767.
https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2004/0115/p299.htmlChee YY, Chung PH, Wong RM, Wong KK. Jaundice in infants and children: causes, diagnosis, and management. Hong Kong Med J. 2018 Jun;24(3):285-292. doi: 10.12809/hkmj187245. Epub 2018 May 21. PMID: 29807950.
https://www.hkmj.org/abstracts/v24n3/285.htmPavlovic Markovic A, Stojkovic Lalosevic M, Mijac DD, Milovanovic T, Dragasevic S, Sokic Milutinovic A, Krstic MN. Jaundice as a Diagnostic and Therapeutic Problem: A General Practitioner's Approach. Dig Dis. 2022;40(3):362-369. doi: 10.1159/000517301. Epub 2021 May 20. PMID: 34015787.
https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/517301The National Health Service
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/jaundice/