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What is Generalized Myxedema?
Generalized myxedema involves dry, waxy, swollen, and pale/yellowish skin. It occurs when there is severe hypothyroidism, which is very low levels of thyroid hormone in the bloodstream. If untreated, serious complications of hypothyroidism can occur, including myxedema coma (loss of brain function due to severe, long-standing hypothyroidism). This condition is most common among women aged 30 to 60.
Typical Symptoms of Generalized Myxedema
- Swelling of the face and lip
- Facial swelling
- Tongue swelling
- Hair loss
- Swollen eyelids
- Swelling of the arms or hands
- Swelling in any body part
- Puffy hands, which when pressed form a depressed area for a few seconds only
Diagnostic Questions for Generalized Myxedema
Your doctor may ask these questions to check for this disease:
- Are your face or lips swollen?
- Is your face swollen?
- Is your tongue swollen?
- Are you experiencing increased hair loss?
- Do your eyelids look puffy?
Treatment of Generalized Myxedema
Treatment is the same as for hypothyroidism, with appropriate supplementation of thyroid hormones. Even severe generalized myxedema can improve dramatically with this treatment.
Reviewed By:
Unnati Patel, MD, MSc (Family Medicine)
Dr.Patel serves as Center Medical Director and a Primary Care Physician at Oak Street Health in Arizona. She graduated from the Zhejiang University School of Medicine prior to working in clinical research focused on preventive medicine at the University of Illinois and the University of Nevada. Dr. Patel earned her MSc in Global Health from Georgetown University, during which she worked with the WHO in Sierra Leone and Save the Children in Washington, D.C. She went on to complete her Family Medicine residency in Chicago at Norwegian American Hospital before completing a fellowship in Leadership in Value-based Care in conjunction with the Northwestern University Kellogg School of Management, where she earned her MBA. Dr. Patel’s interests include health tech and teaching medical students and she currently serves as Clinical Associate Professor at the University of Arizona School of Medicine.
Hidetaka Hamasaki, MD (Endocrinology)
Dr. Hamasaki graduated from the Hiroshima University School of Medicine and the Graduate School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University. He completed his residency at the Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital and the Department of Internal Medicine, Kohnodai Hospital, National Center for Global Health and Medicine. He has served in the National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital and Kohnodai Hospital and joined Hamasaki Clinic in April 2017. Dr. Hamasaki specializes in diabetes and treats a wide range of internal medicine and endocrine disorders.
Content updated on Feb 19, 2025
Following the Medical Content Editorial Policy
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Link to full study:
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.08.29.24312810v1References
Sciacchitano S, Napoli A, Rocco M, De Vitis C, Mancini R (2021). Myxedema in Both Hyperthyroidism and Hypothyroidism: A Hormetic Response? International journal of molecular sciences.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39337448/Santos Argueta A, Doukas SG, Roy R (2021). New-Onset Hypothyroidism Manifesting As Myxedema Coma: Fighting an Old Enemy. Cureus.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35530928/Hierholzer K, Finke R (1997). Myxedema. Kidney international. Supplement.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9185111/