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Nausea
Malaise
Fatigue
Dehydration
Cottonmouth
Dry mouth
Loss of appetite
Loss of taste and smell
Diarrhea and vomiting
Weight loss
Dehydration headache
Extreme tiredness
Not seeing your symptoms? No worries!
A severe form of morning sickness, where patients have significant vomiting and are typically unable to keep much food or fluids down. They can lose weight and become very dehydrated. The exact cause is unclear, but it's thought to be related to levels of pregnancy hormones (β-hCG and estrogen). Early treatment of morning sickness can help prevent progression to this severe form. There is typically no harm to the developing baby from this condition, but it is important to maintain normal hydration and weight in the mom.
Your doctor may ask these questions to check for this disease:
Treatment depends on the severity of the condition. Some severely dehydrated patients may need hospitalization and fluids given through a needle in the vein (IV fluids). Medications can be given to reduce the nausea and vomiting, and help with tolerance of oral food and fluids. Many patients will have improvement in symptoms as the pregnancy advances into the second and third trimester.
Reviewed By:
Ravi P. Chokshi, MD (Obstetrics and Gynecology (OBGYN), Critical Care)
Current Maternal Fetal Medicine Fellow with Dual board certification in Obstetrics & Gynecology and Critical Care Medicine. | 5+ years experience managing a general Ob/Gyn practice and working in the Intensive Care Unit. | Previously Physician Lead of a large single specialty practice with 8 Physicians and 10+ Advanced practitioners. | Member of the Society of Maternal Fetal Medicine Patient education committee. | Frequent Medscape Consult contributor.
Seiji Kanazawa, MD, PHD (Obstetrics and Gynecology (OBGYN))
Dr. Kanazawa graduated from the Niigata University Faculty of Medicine and received his Ph.D. from the Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine. He is working on the front line of the General Perinatal Center, including the Tokyo Tama General Medical Center and the National Center for Research in Fertility Medicine, where he provides maternal and fetal care and undertakes clinical research. At Ubie, Dr. Kanazawa has been designing the Ubie AI Symptom Checker and has taken on the role of general obstetrics and gynecology consultation at FMC Tokyo Clinic by providing fetal ultrasound and prenatal consultation.
Content updated on Dec 13, 2024
Following the Medical Content Editorial Policy
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Q.
Zofran for Women 30-45: Side Effects, Safety & Your Next Steps
A.
Zofran for women 30 to 45 can be highly effective for severe nausea from pregnancy, migraines, or surgery, but there are several factors to consider; common side effects include headache, constipation, dizziness, and flushing, and rare but serious risks include QT related heart rhythm problems and serotonin syndrome, especially with heart disease, electrolyte issues, or interacting medications. In pregnancy, most data are reassuring with a low absolute risk of certain defects, yet treatment should balance symptom severity against risks; review your meds and heart history with your clinician, stay hydrated, monitor for red flags like chest pain, fainting, irregular heartbeat, or confusion, and see the complete answer below for important details on interactions, dosing, and urgent next steps.
References:
* Hajovsky H, Kopecky J, Maleninska K, Kopecky M, Vrbkova J. Cardiac effects of ondansetron in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2021 Apr;77(4):475-486. doi: 10.1007/s00228-020-03043-3. Epub 2021 Jan 27. PMID: 33507316.
* Wang Y, Li Z, Zhang S, Zhang Z. Safety profile of ondansetron in adult patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol. 2022 Nov 29;13:1018901. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1018901. eCollection 2022. PMID: 36523908.
* Stowe J, Haque S, Alam N, Taylor D. Serotonin syndrome associated with ondansetron and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: a systematic review of cases. J Psychopharmacol. 2017 Mar;31(3):355-364. doi: 10.1177/0269881116684781. Epub 2016 Dec 20. PMID: 28024503.
* Wong JK, Tan G, Ng CH, Al Qadumi M, Finkelstein Y, Koren G. Systematic review of the safety and efficacy of ondansetron in adults. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2017 Nov;83(11):2345-2358. doi: 10.1111/bcp.13331. Epub 2017 Aug 22. PMID: 28862660.
* Paliwal Y, Kapse J, Kalane U, Patel D. Risk of QT Prolongation and Torsades de Pointes with Ondansetron: A Pharmacovigilance Study. Drug Saf. 2020 Sep;43(9):885-896. doi: 10.1007/s40264-020-00945-8. PMID: 32266580.
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Link to full study:
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.08.29.24312810v1London V, Grube S, Sherer DM, Abulafia O. Hyperemesis Gravidarum: A Review of Recent Literature. Pharmacology. 2017;100(3-4):161-171. doi: 10.1159/000477853. Epub 2017 Jun 23. PMID: 28641304.
https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/477853Abramowitz A, Miller ES, Wisner KL. Treatment options for hyperemesis gravidarum. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2017 Jun;20(3):363-372. doi: 10.1007/s00737-016-0707-4. Epub 2017 Jan 9. PMID: 28070660; PMCID: PMC7037589.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00737-016-0707-4Austin K, Wilson K, Saha S. Hyperemesis Gravidarum. Nutr Clin Pract. 2019 Apr;34(2):226-241. doi: 10.1002/ncp.10205. Epub 2018 Oct 18. PMID: 30334272.
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ncp.10205Dean CR, Shemar M, Ostrowski GAU, Painter RC. Management of severe pregnancy sickness and hyperemesis gravidarum. BMJ. 2018 Nov 30;363:k5000. doi: 10.1136/bmj.k5000. PMID: 30504245.
https://www.bmj.com/content/363/bmj.k5000ACOG Practice Bulletin
https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/practice-bulletin/articles/2018/01/nausea-and-vomiting-of-pregnancy