Dry Mouth
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Reviewed By:
Unnati Patel, MD, MSc (GP / Family doctor)
Dr Patel graduated from the Zhejiang University School of Medicine. She worked in clinical research at the University of Illinois in Chicago and University of Nevada in Las Vegas focused on culturally adapted health interventions for preventive medicine in the community setting. Received her Master's of Science in Global Health (concentration in Health Policy) from Georgetown University, during which she worked with the WHO in Sierra Leone and Save the Children in Washington, D.C. Unnati went on to complete her family medicine residency in Chicago, Illinois at Norwegian American Hospital. | | She is currently working as a primary care physician in the city of Chicago and completing her Master's of Business Administration at the Northwestern University Kellogg School of Management and Fellowship in Leadership in Value-Based Care.
Yoshinori Abe, MD (Internal medicine)
Dr. Abe graduated from The University of Tokyo School of Medicine in 2015. He completed his residency at the Tokyo Metropolitan Health and Longevity Medical Center. He co-founded Ubie, Inc. in May 2017, where he currently serves as CEO & product owner at Ubie. Since December 2019, he has been a member of the Special Committee for Activation of Research in Emergency AI of the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine. | | Dr. Abe has been elected in the 2020 Forbes 30 Under 30 Asia Healthcare & Science category.
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Not enough saliva
The mouth is dry
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Content updated on Jan 4, 2023
About the symptom
Dry mouth refers to a condition in which the salivary glands in the mouth don't make enough saliva to keep your mouth wet.
When to see a doctor
Seek professional care if you experience any of the following symptoms
Fever
double vision
Easy fatiguability
Seizure attack
Abnormal sensation (tingling, prickling)
Unexplained weight loss of 5% or more in 1 month
Recent weight loss
Numbness / sensory disorder
Gross hematuria
Possible causes
- Diabetes mellitus (DM)
A disease where blood sugar levels are abnormally high, due to problems with insulin production or resistance. There are often no symptoms until the condition has worsened, hence regular screening is important.
- Leg cramps
Leg cramp is the episode of sudden pain in the muscles of the leg caused by an involuntary contracting (shortening) of the leg muscle. Most leg cramps occur in the calf muscles and, less commonly, in the feet and thighs.
- Diabetic neuropathy
Diabetic neuropathy is a type of nerve damage that can occurs in those with long-term diabetes. High blood sugar can damage nerves throughout the body, most commonly in the legs and feet.
- Chronic pyelonephritis
- Candidiasis (oral, hands and feet)
- Psychogenic polydipsia
- Cirrhosis of the liver
Related serious diseases
- Dehydration
Dehydration occurs when you lose more fluid than you take in, and your body does not have as much water as it needs. Common causes of dehydration include inadequate intake, diarrhea, vomiting and fever. Dehydration can also lead to serious complications including seizures, urinary and kidney problems.
- Heatstroke
- Hypernatremia
Questions your doctor may ask about this symptom
Your doctor may ask these questions to check for this symptom
Do you have dry mouth?
Do you have less or no appetite, therefore eat less food?
Have you noticed that your urine is foamy?
Do you have a fever?
Have you been passing urine more often?
Other Related Symptoms
Similar symptoms or complaints
Symptoms from the same body system / part
References
Hu J, Andablo-Reyes E, Mighell A, Pavitt S, Sarkar A. Dry mouth diagnosis and saliva substitutes-A review from a textural perspective. J Texture Stud. 2021 Apr;52(2):141-156. doi: 10.1111/jtxs.12575. Epub 2020 Dec 15. PMID: 33274753.
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jtxs.12575
Arany S, Kopycka-Kedzierawski DT, Caprio TV, Watson GE. Anticholinergic medication: Related dry mouth and effects on the salivary glands. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2021 Dec;132(6):662-670. doi: 10.1016/j.oooo.2021.08.015. Epub 2021 Aug 29. PMID: 34593340; PMCID: PMC9112430.
https://www.oooojournal.net/article/S2212-4403(21)00591-5/fulltext
Taubert M, Davies EM, Back I. Dry mouth. BMJ. 2007 Mar 10;334(7592):534. doi: 10.1136/bmj.39036.433542.68. PMID: 17347241; PMCID: PMC1819535.
https://www.bmj.com/content/334/7592/534
Kawamoto M, Yamada SI, Gibo T, Kajihara R, Nagashio S, Tanaka H, Yajima J, Takizawa A, Kondo E, Sakai H, Kaneko T, Uehara T, Kurita H. Relationship between dry mouth and hypertension. Clin Oral Investig. 2021 Sep;25(9):5217-5225. doi: 10.1007/s00784-021-03829-4. Epub 2021 Feb 16. PMID: 33594468.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00784-021-03829-4
Cappetta K, Beyer C, Johnson JA, Bloch MH. Meta-analysis: Risk of dry mouth with second generation antidepressants. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2018 Jun 8;84(Pt A):282-293. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.12.012. Epub 2017 Dec 20. PMID: 29274375.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0278584617306838?via%3Dihub
Reviewed By:
Unnati Patel, MD, MSc (GP / Family doctor)
Dr Patel graduated from the Zhejiang University School of Medicine. She worked in clinical research at the University of Illinois in Chicago and University of Nevada in Las Vegas focused on culturally adapted health interventions for preventive medicine in the community setting. Received her Master's of Science in Global Health (concentration in Health Policy) from Georgetown University, during which she worked with the WHO in Sierra Leone and Save the Children in Washington, D.C. Unnati went on to complete her family medicine residency in Chicago, Illinois at Norwegian American Hospital. | | She is currently working as a primary care physician in the city of Chicago and completing her Master's of Business Administration at the Northwestern University Kellogg School of Management and Fellowship in Leadership in Value-Based Care.
Yoshinori Abe, MD (Internal medicine)
Dr. Abe graduated from The University of Tokyo School of Medicine in 2015. He completed his residency at the Tokyo Metropolitan Health and Longevity Medical Center. He co-founded Ubie, Inc. in May 2017, where he currently serves as CEO & product owner at Ubie. Since December 2019, he has been a member of the Special Committee for Activation of Research in Emergency AI of the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine. | | Dr. Abe has been elected in the 2020 Forbes 30 Under 30 Asia Healthcare & Science category.
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Seiji Kanazawa, MD, PHD
Obstetrics and gynecology (OBGYN)
National Center for Child Health and Development, Japan