Cryptococcosis Quiz
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Learn more about Cryptococcosis
Content updated on Sep 20, 2022
What is cryptococcosis?
Cryptococcosis is a potentially life-threatening fungal infection caused by the Cryptococcus species. The major species causing illness in humans is Cryptococcus neoformans, while infections by Cryptococcus gattii are more rare. The fungus is typically found in soil, on decaying wood, in tree hollows, or in bird droppings. Infections are rare in people who are otherwise healthy; most cases occur in people who have weakened immune systems, particularly those who have advanced HIV/AIDS. Infection can be seen in the lungs, presenting as a pneumonia, and the brain, presenting as meningitis; in some cases, infection may be asymptomatic.
Symptoms of cryptococcosis
Fever
History of tuberculosis
Headache
Cough
Attracted to others of the same sex
Fatigue
The first symptom was stiff, inflexible muscles and/or joints
Questions your doctor may ask to check for cryptococcosis
Your doctor may ask these questions to diagnose cryptococcosis
Do you have a fever?
Have you ever been diagnosed with or treated for tuberculosis?
Do you have headaches or does your head feel heavy?
Do you have a cough?
Are you homosexual?
Treatment for cryptococcosis
Treatment involves anti-fungal medication to treat the infection, and medications to reduce symptoms.
Diseases related to Cryptococcosis
References
Maziarz EK, Perfect JR. Cryptococcosis. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2016 Mar;30(1):179-206. doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2015.10.006. PMID: 26897067; PMCID: PMC5808417.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0891552015000951?via%3Dihub
Noguchi H, Matsumoto T, Kimura U, Hiruma M, Kusuhara M, Ihn H. Cutaneous Cryptococcosis. Med Mycol J. 2019;60(4):101-107. doi: 10.3314/mmj.19.008. PMID: 31787730.
https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/mmj/60/4/60_19.008/_article
Setianingrum F, Rautemaa-Richardson R, Denning DW. Pulmonary cryptococcosis: A review of pathobiology and clinical aspects. Med Mycol. 2019 Feb 1;57(2):133-150. doi: 10.1093/mmy/myy086. PMID: 30329097.
https://academic.oup.com/mmy/article/57/2/133/5133472
Henao-Martínez AF, Chastain DB, Franco-Paredes C. Treatment of cryptococcosis in non-HIV immunocompromised patients. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2018 Aug;31(4):278-285. doi: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000000458. PMID: 29738314.
https://journals.lww.com/co-infectiousdiseases/Abstract/2018/08000/Treatment_of_cryptococcosis_in_non_HIV.4.aspx
Pennisi MG, Hartmann K, Lloret A, Ferrer L, Addie D, Belák S, Boucraut-Baralon C, Egberink H, Frymus T, Gruffydd-Jones T, Hosie MJ, Lutz H, Marsilio F, Möstl K, Radford AD, Thiry E, Truyen U, Horzinek MC. Cryptococcosis in cats: ABCD guidelines on prevention and management. J Feline Med Surg. 2013 Jul;15(7):611-8. doi: 10.1177/1098612X13489224. PMID: 23813826.
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1098612X13489224
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Seiji Kanazawa, MD, PHD
Obstetrics and gynecology (OBGYN)
National Center for Child Health and Development, Japan