Cryptococcosis Quiz
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Reviewed By:
Caroline M. Doan, DO (Internal medicine)
Dr. Doan received a Bachelor of Science degree with honors from UCLA. Prior to obtaining her medical degree, she was involved in oncology clinical research at City of Hope, a National Cancer Institute-designated comprehensive cancer center in southern California. She attended medical school at Touro University California, and completed her residency in Internal Medicine at Oregon Health & Science University. She is certified by the American Board of Internal Medicine and holds an active medical license in several states. She currently works as a physician for Signify Health providing home-based health care.
Shohei Harase, MD (Neurology)
Dr. Harase spent his junior and senior high school years in Finland and the U.S. After graduating from the University of Washington (Bachelor of Science, Molecular and Cellular Biology), he worked for Apple Japan Inc. before entering the University of the Ryukyus School of Medicine. He completed his residency at Okinawa Prefectural Chubu Hospital, where he received the Best Resident Award in 2016 and 2017. In 2021, he joined the Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine at the National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, specializing in hyperacute stroke.
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Learn more about Cryptococcosis
Content updated on Sep 20, 2022
What is cryptococcosis?
Cryptococcosis is a potentially life-threatening fungal infection caused by the Cryptococcus species. The major species causing illness in humans is Cryptococcus neoformans, while infections by Cryptococcus gattii are more rare. The fungus is typically found in soil, on decaying wood, in tree hollows, or in bird droppings. Infections are rare in people who are otherwise healthy; most cases occur in people who have weakened immune systems, particularly those who have advanced HIV/AIDS. Infection can be seen in the lungs, presenting as a pneumonia, and the brain, presenting as meningitis; in some cases, infection may be asymptomatic.
Symptoms of cryptococcosis
Fever
History of tuberculosis
Headache
Cough
Attracted to others of the same sex
Fatigue
The first symptom was stiff, inflexible muscles and/or joints
Questions your doctor may ask to check for cryptococcosis
Your doctor may ask these questions to diagnose cryptococcosis
Do you have a fever?
Have you ever been diagnosed with or treated for tuberculosis?
Do you have headaches or does your head feel heavy?
Do you have a cough?
Are you homosexual?
Treatment for cryptococcosis
Treatment involves anti-fungal medication to treat the infection, and medications to reduce symptoms.
Diseases related to Cryptococcosis
References
Maziarz EK, Perfect JR. Cryptococcosis. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2016 Mar;30(1):179-206. doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2015.10.006. PMID: 26897067; PMCID: PMC5808417.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0891552015000951?via%3Dihub
Noguchi H, Matsumoto T, Kimura U, Hiruma M, Kusuhara M, Ihn H. Cutaneous Cryptococcosis. Med Mycol J. 2019;60(4):101-107. doi: 10.3314/mmj.19.008. PMID: 31787730.
https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/mmj/60/4/60_19.008/_article
Setianingrum F, Rautemaa-Richardson R, Denning DW. Pulmonary cryptococcosis: A review of pathobiology and clinical aspects. Med Mycol. 2019 Feb 1;57(2):133-150. doi: 10.1093/mmy/myy086. PMID: 30329097.
https://academic.oup.com/mmy/article/57/2/133/5133472
Henao-Martínez AF, Chastain DB, Franco-Paredes C. Treatment of cryptococcosis in non-HIV immunocompromised patients. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2018 Aug;31(4):278-285. doi: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000000458. PMID: 29738314.
https://journals.lww.com/co-infectiousdiseases/Abstract/2018/08000/Treatment_of_cryptococcosis_in_non_HIV.4.aspx
Pennisi MG, Hartmann K, Lloret A, Ferrer L, Addie D, Belák S, Boucraut-Baralon C, Egberink H, Frymus T, Gruffydd-Jones T, Hosie MJ, Lutz H, Marsilio F, Möstl K, Radford AD, Thiry E, Truyen U, Horzinek MC. Cryptococcosis in cats: ABCD guidelines on prevention and management. J Feline Med Surg. 2013 Jul;15(7):611-8. doi: 10.1177/1098612X13489224. PMID: 23813826.
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1098612X13489224
Reviewed By:
Caroline M. Doan, DO (Internal medicine)
Dr. Doan received a Bachelor of Science degree with honors from UCLA. Prior to obtaining her medical degree, she was involved in oncology clinical research at City of Hope, a National Cancer Institute-designated comprehensive cancer center in southern California. She attended medical school at Touro University California, and completed her residency in Internal Medicine at Oregon Health & Science University. She is certified by the American Board of Internal Medicine and holds an active medical license in several states. She currently works as a physician for Signify Health providing home-based health care.
Shohei Harase, MD (Neurology)
Dr. Harase spent his junior and senior high school years in Finland and the U.S. After graduating from the University of Washington (Bachelor of Science, Molecular and Cellular Biology), he worked for Apple Japan Inc. before entering the University of the Ryukyus School of Medicine. He completed his residency at Okinawa Prefectural Chubu Hospital, where he received the Best Resident Award in 2016 and 2017. In 2021, he joined the Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine at the National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, specializing in hyperacute stroke.
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Seiji Kanazawa, MD, PHD
Obstetrics and gynecology (OBGYN)
National Center for Child Health and Development, Japan