Headache
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Try one of these related symptoms.
Have a headache
Pulsating headache
Headache on the side of my head
Headache over the entire head
Headaches in back of head
Headache on one side
I have a headache when I cough
Headache at night
Bilateral headache
Headache aura
Light sensitivity headache
Numbing headache
About the Symptom
Constant pain in the head. The pain may be sharp, throbbing, or a dull ache. There are many causes of headache, including stress, changes in eating or sleeping, and alcohol use.
When to See a Doctor
Seek professional care if you experience any of the following symptoms
- Nausea / vomiting
- Neck pain / stiffness
- Photophobia
- Fever
- Seizure attack
- Sensation of incomplete voiding
Possible Causes
Generally, Headache can be related to:
- Dialysis Disequilibrium Syndrome (DDS)
Dialysis disequilibrium syndrome occurs when a group of neurological symptoms arise in patients on hemodialysis due to the sudden and rapid removal of urea, a waste product, from their blood. These symptoms include nausea, headaches, vomiting, and restlessness. More severe symptoms can lead to seizures and comas.
- Benign Exertional Headache
A harmless headache caused by physical exertion like intense exercise, sneezing, or straining during bowel movements. The exact cause is unknown, but it's thought to be related to blood vessel narrowing during physical activity.
- Tension Headache
A type of headache with a band-like, pressing sensation at the forehead and sides. Causes include physical stress, such as long periods of desk work and driving, or mental stress.
- Cluster Headache
- Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis
- Occipital Neuralgia
- Migraine
- Hangover
Related Serious Diseases
Sometimes, Headache may be related to these serious diseases:
- Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
Carbon monoxide poisoning typically occurs from inhaling carbon monoxide (CO) gas at high levels. This gas can be caused by vehicle exhaust or gas leaks in a home or worksite. Large exposures can result in loss of consciousness, arrhythmias, seizures, or death.
- Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis (CVT)
Doctor's Diagnostic Questions
Your doctor may ask these questions to check for this symptom:
- Do you have a headache?
- When did you first notice the headache?
- Which of the following best describes how your headache appeared?
- How often do you have a headache?
- Do you have pain in your temples?
Reviewed By:
Bret Mobley, MD, MS (Neuropathology)
Dr. Mobley graduated from the University of Michigan Medical School, completing a masters degree in neuroscience between his second and third years of medical school. He trained as a resident in pathology at Stanford University Hospital before joining the faculty of Vanderbilt University Medical Center in Nashville Tennessee in 2010. He was promoted to Associate Professor in 2018 and to Neuropathology Division Director in 2020.
Shohei Harase, MD (Neurology)
Dr. Harase spent his junior and senior high school years in Finland and the U.S. After graduating from the University of Washington (Bachelor of Science, Molecular and Cellular Biology), he worked for Apple Japan Inc. before entering the University of the Ryukyus School of Medicine. He completed his residency at Okinawa Prefectural Chubu Hospital, where he received the Best Resident Award in 2016 and 2017. In 2021, he joined the Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine at the National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, specializing in hyperacute stroke.
Yoshinori Abe, MD (Internal Medicine)
Dr. Abe graduated from The University of Tokyo School of Medicine in 2015. He completed his residency at the Tokyo Metropolitan Health and Longevity Medical Center. He co-founded Ubie, Inc. in May 2017, where he currently serves as CEO & product owner at Ubie. Since December 2019, he has been a member of the Special Committee for Activation of Research in Emergency AI of the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine. | | Dr. Abe has been elected in the 2020 Forbes 30 Under 30 Asia Healthcare & Science category.
Content updated on Jan 29, 2025
Following the Medical Content Editorial Policy
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People with similar symptoms also use Ubie's symptom checker to find possible causes
- There is discomfort in the head
- Exacerbation of a baseline headache with horizontal rotation of the neck
- The first symptom was pain around the ears or at the back of my head
- Couldn't pronounce words properly just before the headache started
- Everyday activities such as walking does not worsen headaches
- Headache with intense pain that feels like an electric shock
- Prickling sensation on the skin before the headache started
- Can't move my head because it will trigger a bad headache
- Headache before, during, and after menstrual period
- Sitting at a desk for a long time causes headaches
- Headache gets worse when I smell something strong
- My headache gets worse when I look at the light
- When I don't sleep enough, my headache worsens
- Pain from the headache is to a bearable degree
- The smell of cigarettes make my headache worse
See full list
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FAQs
Q.
Can cervicogenic headaches cause light sensitivity and how can it be managed?
A.
It is not common for cervicogenic headaches to cause light sensitivity. It is more common for migraines to cause light sensitivity. Some first steps to manage light sensitivity are to turn off lights and/or use sunglasses. Treatment of the headaches causing light sensitivity will depend on the type of headache.
References:
Vanagaite Vingen J, & Stovner LJ. (1998). Photophobia and phonophobia in tension-type and .... Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache, 9731934.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9731934/
Sjaastad O, & Bovim G. (1991). Cervicogenic headache. The differentiation from common .... Functional neurology, 1916461.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1916461/
Pfaffenrath V. (1989). [Cervicogenic headache. An over- or underdiagnosed .... Fortschritte der Medizin, 2651254.
Q.
Can coughing lead to a headache and what should I do if it does?
A.
It is possible for coughing to cause headaches, especially if coughing is severe and/or frequent. If you experience these symptoms and they are persistent or worsening, consult a healthcare provider for a personalized medical assessment and treatment plan.
References:
Ferrante T, Latte L, Abrignani G, Russo M, Manzoni GC, & Torelli P. (2012). Cough headache secondary to spontaneous intracranial .... Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 21904865.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21904865/
Lane JC, & Gulevich S. (2002). Exertional, Cough, and Sexual Headaches. Current treatment options in neurology, 12162926.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12162926/
Perini F, & Toso V. (1998). Benign cough "cluster" headache. Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache, 9793704.
Q.
Can migraines cause numbness and what should I do if this happens?
A.
Yes, it is possible for migraines can cause numbness, often immediately before the headache symptoms start. Hemiplegic migraine is one type of migraine that can cause numbness, as well as temporary weakness. If you experience any of these symptoms, it's important to consult a healthcare professional for personalized medical advice.
References:
Kumar A, Samanta D, Emmady PD, & Arora R. (2025). Hemiplegic Migraine. Unknown Journal, 30020674.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30020674/
Guiloff RJ, & Fruns M. (1988). Limb pain in migraine and cluster headache. Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry, 3216204.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3216204/
Ilik F, & Ilik K. (2014). Alice in Wonderland syndrome as aura of migraine. Neurocase, 23957288.
Q.
Can you provide examples of what a migraine aura might feel like?
A.
Examples of what a migraine aura feels like include briefly and temporarily seeing flashing lights or zig zag patterns shortly before the start of a migraine. Besides vision changes, other migraine auras can cause people to briefly and temporarily feel tingling or numbness in part of the body. Migraine aura symptoms improve and go away on their own, unlike the symptoms of many other neurological conditions.
References:
Ilik F, & Ilik K. (2014). Alice in Wonderland syndrome as aura of migraine. Neurocase, 23957288.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23957288/
Kaufman DM, & Solomon S. (1992). Migraine visual auras. A medical update for the psychiatrist. General hospital psychiatry, 1601292.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1601292/
Shepherd AJ, & Patterson AJK. (2020). Exploration of anomalous perceptual experiences in .... Consciousness and cognition, 32422548.
Q.
How can I tell if my sinus headache is only affecting one side and what should be done?
A.
A sinus headache affecting only one side can be tricky to diagnose, as it might be mistaken for other types of headaches. It's important to consider other symptoms and consult with a healthcare provider for proper evaluation.
References:
Jones NS. (2009). Sinus headaches: avoiding over- and mis-diagnosis. Expert review of neurotherapeutics, 19344297.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19344297/
Prakash S, & Rathore C. (2016). Side-locked headaches: an algorithm-based approach. The journal of headache and pain, 27770404.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27770404/
Sawaya RA. (2000). Trigeminal neuralgia associated with sinusitis. ORL; journal for oto-rhino-laryngology and its related specialties, 10810262.
Q.
How can light sensitivity be managed if I have a tension headache?
A.
Light sensitivity during a tension headache can be managed by staying in a dimly lit room and avoiding bright lights. Wearing sunglasses indoors might also help reduce discomfort. If your symptoms are severe, frequent, or worsening, talk to a healthcare provider.
References:
Main A, Vlachonikolis I, & Dowson A. (2000). The wavelength of light causing photophobia in migraine .... Headache, 10759921.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10759921/
Vanagaite Vingen J, & Stovner LJ. (1998). Photophobia and phonophobia in tension-type and .... Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache, 9731934.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9731934/
Vingen JV, Sand T, & Stovner LJ. (1999). Sensitivity to various stimuli in primary headaches. Headache, 11279970.
Q.
Is it normal to have a headache after dental numbing and what can I do about it?
A.
It is possible but uncommon for headaches to occur after dental numbing. If you experience a headache, rest and over-the-counter pain relief may help -- but if symptoms are severe or accompanied by other symptoms (such as trouble breathing, lightheadedness, and/or feeling very tired all of a sudden), it is important to seek medical care as soon as possible
References:
van der Bijl P, & Victor AM. (1992). Adverse reactions associated with norepinephrine in .... Anesthesia progress, 1308379.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1308379/
Shoji Y. (2011). Cluster headache following dental treatment: a case report. Journal of oral science, 21467825.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21467825/
Hidding J, & Khoury F. (1991). [General complications in dental local anesthesia]. Deutsche zahnarztliche Zeitschrift, 1817903.
Q.
Is light sensitivity a symptom of headaches related to COVID-19?
A.
Light sensitivity can be a symptom of headaches related to COVID-19. It is important to remember that light sensitivity with headaches can also be a symptom of other health conditions such as migraines. If you headaches are severe, frequent, and/or worsening, it is important to consult a healthcare provider for personalized medical advice.
References:
Bou Ghannam A, Ibrahim H, Mansour H, Kheir WJ, Al Hassan S, & S Saade J. (2024). Impact of online learning during COVID-19 pandemic on .... Heliyon, 38988532.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38988532/
Garcia MA, Barreras PV, Lewis A, Pinilla G, Sokoll LJ, Kickler T, et al. (2021). Cerebrospinal fluid in COVID-19 neurological complications. medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences, 33469596.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33469596/
Tana C, Azorin DG, Cinetto F, Mantini C, Tana M, Caulo M, et al. (2023). Common Clinical and Molecular Pathways between .... International journal of molecular sciences, 37176011.
Q.
Is there an increased stroke risk associated with migraines with aura?
A.
Yes, some research has shown that there is a slightly increased risk of stroke for people who experience migraines with aura, but the risk of stroke is still low among all people with experience migraines with aura. There are many ways everyone can reduce their risk of stroke, including getting regular physical activity, avoiding tobacco smoke, and regularly seeing a healthcare provider to monitor their blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and blood sugar level.
References:
Nathan N, Ngo A, & Khoromi S. (2024). Migraine and Stroke: A Scoping Review. Journal of clinical medicine, 39336867.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39336867/
Øie LR, Kurth T, Gulati S, & Dodick DW. (2020). Migraine and risk of stroke. Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry, 32217787.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32217787/
Yemisci M, & Eikermann-Haerter K. (2019). Aura and Stroke: relationship and what we have learnt from .... The journal of headache and pain, 31142262.
Q.
What are common causes of headaches that occur at night and how can they be treated?
A.
Headaches that occur at night can be caused by health conditions such as cluster headaches or hypnic headaches. Treatments (including lifestyle changes and/or medication) are available to prevent or reduce these headaches, but the most appropriate treatments will vary depending on what exactly is causing the headaches.
References:
Singh NN, & Sahota P. (2013). Sleep-related headache and its management. Current treatment options in neurology, 24132786.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24132786/
De Simone R, Marano E, Ranieri A, & Bonavita V. (2006). Hypnic headache: an update. Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 16688619.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16688619/
Manni R, & Ghiotto N. (2010). Hypnic headache. Handbook of clinical neurology, 20816447.
Q.
What are the causes of headaches in the back of my head and neck?
A.
Headaches in the back of the head and neck can be caused by various health conditions, including one condition known as cervicogenic headaches.
References:
Vincent MB. (2011). Headache and neck. Current pain and headache reports, 21465114.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21465114/
Biondi DM. (2001). Cervicogenic headache: diagnostic evaluation and .... Current pain and headache reports, 11403740.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11403740/
Bogduk N. (2001). Cervicogenic headache: anatomic basis and .... Current pain and headache reports, 11403743.
Q.
What are the possible causes of a pulsating headache on the left side of my head?
A.
One possible reason for a pulsating headache on one side of the head (like on the left side) could be a migraine. Migraines sometimes occur with other symptoms like seeing flashes of light or feeling nauseous. Keep in mind that other health conditions can also cause throbbing headaches. You should see a healthcare provider if the headache is severe, frequent, worsening, or occurs with other concerning symptoms. Reasons to seek emergency medical care include experiencing a sudden severe headache, sudden weakness in the arms or legs, sudden difficulty speaking, and/or concurrent symptoms like fever, stiff neck, or vomiting.
References:
Blum ASS, Riggins NY, Hersey DP, Atwood GS, & Littenberg B. (2023). Left- vs right-sided migraine: a scoping review. Journal of neurology, 36882660.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36882660/
Hannerz J. (1989). A case of parasellar meningioma mimicking cluster .... Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache, 2611884.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2611884/
Udagatti VD, & Dinesh Kumar R. (2017). Migraine Related Vertigo. Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery : official publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India, 29238692.
Q.
What are the symptoms of a bilateral migraine and how can they be treated?
A.
Bilateral migraines are headaches that can affect both sides of the head. They may be accompanied by symptoms like nausea or sensitivity to light and noise. Various treatments are available to prevent or reduce migraine symptoms.
References:
Kuhn WF, Kuhn SC, & Daylida L. (1997). Basilar migraine. European journal of emergency medicine : official journal of the European Society for Emergency Medicine, 9152694.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9152694/
Göçmez Yılmaz G, Ghouri R, Özdemir AA, & Özge A. (2024). Complicated Form of Medication Overuse Headache Is .... Journal of clinical medicine, 38999262.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38999262/
Kozubski W. (2005). [Basilar-type migraine: pathophysiology, symptoms and .... Neurologia i neurochirurgia polska, 16419573.
Q.
What are the visual symptoms of a migraine aura and how can they be managed?
A.
Visual symptoms of a migraine aura often include seeing zigzag lines, flashes of light, or shadows. These visual symptoms usually improve on their own. Prescription medications are available to prevent and reduce migraine symptoms. You can talk to a healthcare provider to learn about the best treatment plan for you.
References:
Viana M, Tronvik EA, Do TP, Zecca C, & Hougaard A. (2019). Clinical features of visual migraine aura: a systematic review. The journal of headache and pain, 31146673.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31146673/
Viana M, Hougaard A, Tronvik E, Winnberg IG, Ambrosini A, Perrotta A, et al. (2024). Visual migraine aura iconography: A multicentre, cross- .... Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache, 38388359.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38388359/
Singla M, Sulena 2, Kale R, Brar J, & Bhardwaj S. (2021). Visual Aura in Migraine: An Analysis of 165 Patients in a .... Journal of neurosciences in rural practice, 33927518.
Q.
What could a throbbing headache on the right side of my head indicate?
A.
One possible reason for a throbbing headache on one side of the head (like on the right side) could be a migraine. Migraines sometimes occur with other symptoms like seeing flashes of light or feeling nauseous. Keep in mind that other health conditions can also cause throbbing headaches. You should see a healthcare provider if the headache is severe, frequent, worsening, or occurs with other symptoms. Reasons to seek emergency medical care include experiencing a sudden severe headache, sudden weakness in the arms or legs, sudden difficulty speaking, and/or concurrent symptoms like fever, stiff neck, or vomiting.
References:
Hayashi K, Suzuki A, Nakaya Y, Takaku N, Miura T, Sato M, & Kobayashi Y. (2024). Migraine With Aura Accompanied by Myoclonus: A Case .... Cureus, 39391443.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39391443/
Beckmann YY, Seçil Y, Kendir AI, & Başoğlu M. (2009). Chronic migraine: a prospective descriptive clinical study in .... Pain practice : the official journal of World Institute of Pain, 19622107.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19622107/
Indriani RV, Munir G, & Dewayani BM. (2023). A rare case of multiple supratentorial brain lesions due to .... Radiology case reports, 37691764.
Q.
What could be the link between experiencing heartburn and headaches at night?
A.
Heartburn and headaches at night can sometimes be linked by stress and other lifestyle conditions, such as alcohol or tobacco use. It is also possible that the cause of your heartburn symptoms is different from the cause of your headache symptoms.
References:
Mee AS, & Rowley JL. (1996). Rapid symptom relief in reflux oesophagitis. Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics, 8899084.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8899084/
Shirlow MJ, & Mathers CD. (1985). indigestion, palpitations, tremor, headache and insomnia. International journal of epidemiology, 3874838.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3874838/
Walker HK, Hall WD, & Hurst JW. (1990). Clinical Methods: The History, Physical, and Laboratory .... Unknown Journal, 21250045.
Q.
What could cause a headache on one side of my head and eye, and how can it be relieved?
A.
One possible reason for repeated headaches on one side of the head and pain behind the eye is cluster headaches. If the headache and eye pain are new and severe, an important possibility to consider is acute angle-closure glaucoma, which requires emergency treatment to prevent vision loss. The appropriate treatment to relieve these symptoms depends on the exact cause of this pain, so it is important to seek help from a healthcare professional for a personalized medical evaluation and treatment plan.
References:
Prasad P, Subramanya R, & Upadhyaya NS. (1991). Cluster headache or narrow angle glaucoma?. Indian journal of ophthalmology, 1810883.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1810883/
Alrawashdeh HM, Jaber BAM, Alharazneh A, & Al-Habahbeh O. (2022). Cluster headache associated with oculomotor nerve palsy. Oman journal of ophthalmology, 35937729.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35937729/
Hardebo JE. (1994). How cluster headache is explained as an intracavernous .... Headache, 8200785.
Q.
What could cause a headache on one side of my temple and how can it be alleviated?
A.
Headaches on one side of the temple can be caused various health conditions, including but not limited to cluster headaches, temporomandibular joint syndrome, and (especially in people age 50 years and older) giant cell arteritis. The best treatment will depend on the exact cause of your symptoms, so it is important to consult a healthcare provider for a personalized medical assessment and treatment plan.
References:
Karl HW, & Trescot AM. (2019). Nerve Entrapment Headaches at the Temple. Pain physician, 30700076.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30700076/
Prasad P, Subramanya R, & Upadhyaya NS. (1991). Cluster headache or narrow angle glaucoma?. Indian journal of ophthalmology, 1810883.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1810883/
Guyuron B, Harvey D, & Reed D. (2015). A Prospective Randomized Outcomes Comparison of Two .... Plastic and reconstructive surgery, 25829156.
Q.
What could cause a headache that affects my whole head?
A.
Headaches that affect the whole head can be due to various health conditions. For example, one cause of these symptoms is tension-type headaches, which are common and can be triggered by stress or muscle tension.
References:
Viera AJ, & Antono B. (2022). Acute Headache in Adults: A Diagnostic Approach. American family physician, 36126007.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36126007/
Abu-Arafeh I. (2001). Chronic tension-type headache in children and adolescents. Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache, 11737009.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11737009/
Scripter C. (2018). Tension-Type Headache. FP essentials, 30346680.
Q.
What does a pounding headache mean and when should I be concerned?
A.
A pounding headache might be a migraine, especially if it comes with nausea or light sensitivity. If headaches are frequent, severe, worsening, or come with other symptoms, it's important to see a healthcare provider for a personalized medical assessment.
References:
Tejero Mas M, Burgos Blanco R, Gato Núñez C, Rivera Jiménez N, Aguirre Sánchez JJ, & Buitrago F. (2019). [Validity and applicability of the mnemonic POUNDing rule .... Semergen, 30529010.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30529010/
Robbins MS. (2021). Diagnosis and Management of Headache: A Review. JAMA, 33974014.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33974014/
Torrente A, Vassallo L, Alonge P, Pilati L, Gagliardo A, Ventimiglia D, et al. (2024). Insomnia and Migraine: A Missed Call?. Clocks & sleep, 38390947.
Q.
What does a pulsating headache in the back of my head suggest?
A.
A pulsating headache in the back of your head could be due to various causes, including tension-type headaches or migraines. A healthcare provider can provide a personalized medical assessment and treatment plan for your symptoms.
References:
Sakuta M. (1995). [Tension type headache with special reference to muscle .... Rinsho shinkeigaku = Clinical neurology, 8752391.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8752391/
Antonaci F, Ghirmai S, Bono G, Sandrini G, & Nappi G. (2001). evaluation of the original diagnostic criteria. Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache, 11472384.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11472384/
Silbert PL, Mokri B, & Schievink WI. (1995). Headache and neck pain in spontaneous internal carotid .... Neurology, 7644051.
Q.
What does a pulsating headache indicate and when should I see a doctor?
A.
A pulsating headache can be caused by migraines, high blood pressure, and other health conditions. You should see a healthcare provider if the headache is severe, frequent, worsening, or occurs with other symptoms. Reasons to seek emergency medical care include experiencing a sudden severe headache, sudden weakness in the arms or legs, sudden difficulty speaking, and/or concurrent symptoms like fever, stiff neck, or vomiting.
References:
Meseeha MG, & Attia M. (2016). Throbbing headache is not always migraine; it can be serious. Journal of community hospital internal medicine perspectives, 27802851.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27802851/
Fujimori J, Ogawa R, Murata T, Jin K, Yazawa Y, & Nakashima I. (2020). Unilateral chronic pulsatile headache as the single .... Journal of neuroimmunology, 32682139.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32682139/
Tentolouris-Piperas V, Lymperopoulos L, Tountopoulou A, Vassilopoulou S, & Mitsikostas DD. (2023). Headache Attributed to Reversible Cerebral .... Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland), 37685270.
Q.
What does a pulsating headache on the right side of my head mean and how can it be treated?
A.
One possible reason for a pulsating headache on one side of the head (like on the right side) could be a migraine. Migraines sometimes occur with other symptoms like seeing flashes of light or feeling nauseous. Keep in mind that other health conditions can also cause throbbing headaches. You should see a healthcare provider if the headache is severe, frequent, worsening, or occurs with other concerning symptoms. Reasons to seek emergency medical care include experiencing a sudden severe headache, sudden weakness in the arms or legs, sudden difficulty speaking, and/or concurrent symptoms like fever, stiff neck, or vomiting.
References:
Blum ASS, Riggins NY, Hersey DP, Atwood GS, & Littenberg B. (2023). Left- vs right-sided migraine: a scoping review. Journal of neurology, 36882660.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36882660/
Sturzenegger M. (1994). the warning symptoms of vertebral artery dissection. Headache, 8014032.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8014032/
Montella S, Ranieri A, Marchese M, & De Simone R. (2013). a new dural sinus stenosis-associated primary headache?. Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 23695069.
Q.
What is a bilateral cervicogenic headache and how is it managed?
A.
A bilateral cervicogenic headache is a type of headache that affects both sides of the head and is caused by a neck problem. A bilateral cervicogenic headache is more rare than cervicogenic headaches affecting only one side of the head. Cervicogenic headache symptoms can improve with treatments like physical therapy and medications.
References:
Antonaci F, Fredriksen TA, & Sjaastad O. (2001). Cervicogenic headache: clinical presentation, diagnostic .... Current pain and headache reports, 11403744.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11403744/
Piovesan EJ, Utiumi MAT, & Grossi DB. (2024). Cervicogenic headache - How to recognize and treat. Best practice & research. Clinical rheumatology, 38388233.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38388233/
Odonkor CA, Tang T, Taftian D, & Chhatre A. (2017). Bilateral Intra-Articular Radiofrequency Ablation for .... Case reports in anesthesiology, 28149652.
Q.
What is a bilateral headache and how is it different from other types?
A.
A bilateral headache is a type of headache that occurs on both sides of the head. Bilateral headaches differ from unilateral headaches (which are headaches affecting only one side of the head). Various health conditions can cause bilateral headaches and the appropriate treatment may vary depending on the specific cause. If your headache is severe, frequent, worsening, and/or occurs with other symptoms (such as vomiting, weakness, or blurry vision), it is important to consult a healthcare provider for a personalized medical assessment and treatment plan.
References:
Solomon S, & Newman LC. (1999). Chronic daily bilateral headache responsive to indomethacin. Headache, 11279952.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11279952/
Durko A, & Bogucki A. (1984). [Bilateral occurrence of symptoms of Horton's headache .... Neurologia i neurochirurgia polska, 6527727.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6527727/
Hannerz J. (2000). Chronic bilateral headache responding to indomethacin. Headache, 11135030.
Q.
What is a bilateral ocular migraine and how can it be managed?
A.
An ocular migraine involves migraine headaches that are accompanied or preceded by temporary visual disturbances. A bilateral ocular migraine involves symptoms that affect both eyes. Treatments are available to prevent and reduce migraine symptoms.
References:
Rozen TD. (2011). Migraine with binocular blindness: a clinic-based study. Headache, 21812773.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21812773/
Hykin PG, Gartry D, Brazier DJ, & Graham E. (1991). Bilateral cilio-retinal artery occlusion in classic migraine. Postgraduate medical journal, 2062777.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2062777/
Maggioni F, Toldo G, Terrin A, & Mainardi F. (2019). Simultaneous bilateral visual auras: A case report. Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache, 29463134.
Q.
What is a bilateral temporal headache and how is it treated?
A.
A bilateral temporal headache is pain on both sides of the head near the temples. The most appropriate treatment for a bilateral temporal headache will depend on the specific health condition causing the headache.
References:
Alsabban AS, Bakri HM, Abduljabbar AZ, Almesfer AA, & Alturkistani AM. (2023). Bilateral Temporal Headache As the Presenting Symptoms .... Cureus, 38288213.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38288213/
Zach KJ, Trentman TL, Zimmerman RS, & Dodick DW. (2014). Refractory headaches treated with bilateral occipital and .... Medical devices (Auckland, N.Z.), 24707189.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24707189/
Speciali JG, & Dach F. (2015). Temporomandibular dysfunction and headache disorder. Headache, 25644695.
Q.
What might be the cause of a headache with a tingling scalp?
A.
A headache with a tingling scalp may be due to conditions like occipital neuralgia, which affects the nerves.
References:
Sahai-Srivastava S, & Zheng L. (2011). Occipital neuralgia with and without migraine: difference in .... Headache, 21198572.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21198572/
Ju T, Vander Does A, & Yosipovitch G. (2022). Scalp dysesthesia: a neuropathic phenomenon. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV, 35122352.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35122352/
Fowler PA, Thomas M, Lacey LF, Andrew P, & Dallas FA. (1989). Early studies with the novel 5-HT 1-like agonist GR43175 .... Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache, 2544285.
Q.
What might cause a tingling headache on the right side of my head?
A.
A tingling headache on the right side of your head can be caused by various health conditions. One possible cause is scalp dysesthesia, which often involves a burning or tingling sensation even though the scalp looks normal. It's important to consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis.
References:
Ju T, Vander Does A, & Yosipovitch G. (2022). Scalp dysesthesia: a neuropathic phenomenon. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV, 35122352.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35122352/
Canepa Raggio C, & Dasgupta A. (2014). Three cases of Spontaneous Vertebral Artery Dissection .... BMJ case reports, 24777086.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24777086/
Ved M, Bhasme A, & Malvade S. (2022). Cervical Spondylosis Managed With Homoeopathy. Alternative therapies in health and medicine, 35951064.
Q.
What should I do if I experience a severe headache in the back of my head?
A.
If you have a severe headache in the back of your head, it could be a sign of something serious, so you should see a healthcare provider as soon as you can.
References:
Sturzenegger M. (1994). the warning symptoms of vertebral artery dissection. Headache, 8014032.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8014032/
Gfrerer L, Xu W, Austen W, Ashina S, Melo-Carrillo A, Longhi MS, et al. (2022). OnabotulinumtoxinA alters inflammatory gene expression .... Brain : a journal of neurology, 34932787.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34932787/
Genizi J, Khourieh-Matar A, Assaf N, Chistyakov I, & Srugo I. (2017). Occipital Headaches in Children: Are They a Red Flag?. Journal of child neurology, 28768455.
Q.
What should I do if I have a headache that lasts the entire day?
A.
Sometimes headaches, including some migraines, can last all day or more than one day. If these symptoms are severe, frequent, persistent, worsening, and/or associated with other symptoms (such as weakness, numbness, and/or vomiting), you should talk to a healthcare provider.
References:
Diener HC, Day KA, Lipsius S, Aurora SK, Hindiyeh NA, & Detke HC. (2025). Shift from chronic to episodic migraine frequency in a long .... The journal of headache and pain, 39901101.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39901101/
Ondo WG, Vuong KD, & Derman HS. (2004). Botulinum toxin A for chronic daily headache. Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache, 14687015.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14687015/
Blau JN. (1990). Sleep deprivation headache. Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache, 2245462.
Q.
What should I know about headaches with aura and their treatment options?
A.
Headaches with aura, often called migraines with aura, can cause visual changes or other sensory symptoms before the headache begins (the "aura" is the symptoms that occur before the headache). Treatment options include medications to prevent or reduce headache frequency and severity. Certain lifestyle changes can also be helpful.
References:
Lucas C. (2021). Migraine with aura. Revue neurologique, 34384631.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34384631/
Thomsen AV, Ashina H, Al-Khazali HM, Rose K, Christensen RH, Amin FM, & Ashina M. (2024). Clinical features of migraine with aura: a REFORM study. The journal of headache and pain, 38350851.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38350851/
Viana M, & Afridi S. (2018). Migraine with prolonged aura: phenotype and treatment. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology, 29143861.
Q.
What should I know about migraines that occur on the right side of my head?
A.
Migraines can affect either side of the head, including the right side. Treatment options are available to prevent migraines or reduce the severity of the pain. A healthcare provider can help you learn more about migraines that occur on the right side of the head, and what you can do about them.
References:
Blum ASS, Riggins NY, Hersey DP, Atwood GS, & Littenberg B. (2023). Left- vs right-sided migraine: a scoping review. Journal of neurology, 36882660.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36882660/
Cuadrado ML, Young WB, Fernández-de-las-Peñas C, Arias JA, & Pareja JA. (2008). body pain and allodynia associated with migraine attacks. Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache, 18021265.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18021265/
Seo BF, Jung SN, Sohn WI, & Kwon H. (2011). Lymph node compression of the lesser occipital nerve. Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS, 21565568.
Q.
Why am I experiencing a dull headache every day and what can I do about it?
A.
Daily dull headaches can be due to sleep problems, low iron levels, or tension. You can start by trying to improve sleep habits and stress management, but if you continue to experience daily headaches, you should ask a healthcare provider for personalized help.
References:
Blau JN. (1990). Sleep deprivation headache. Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache, 2245462.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2245462/
Singh RK, Kaushik RM, Goel D, & Kaushik R. (2023). Association between iron deficiency anemia and chronic .... Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache, 36739514.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36739514/
Straube A. (2014). [Diagnostic and therapy of tension-type headache]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz, 24994492.
Q.
Why do I get a headache every night around the same time and how can I prevent it?
A.
If you get headaches every night around the same time, some possible causes include cluster headaches or hypnic headaches. A healthcare provider can provide a personalized medical assessment to determine why you are experiencing these symptoms. The treatment plan to prevent or reduce symptoms will vary depending on the reason for your headaches.
References:
Holle D, & Obermann M. (2012). Hypnic headache and caffeine. Expert review of neurotherapeutics, 23039391.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23039391/
Manni R, & Ghiotto N. (2010). Hypnic headache. Handbook of clinical neurology, 20816447.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20816447/
De Simone R, Marano E, Ranieri A, & Bonavita V. (2006). Hypnic headache: an update. Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 16688619.
Q.
Why do I often have a headache when I wake up and how can I prevent it?
A.
Various factors can cause someone to often wake up with headaches. For example, people with migraines or cluster headaches can wake up with headaches. Another example is that heavy alcohol use in the evening can result in a headache the following morning. A third example is that a sleep disorder (such as sleep apnea or insomnia) can cause these symptoms. The steps to preventing these headaches depends on what is causing these symptoms. A healthcare provider can provide a personalized medical assessment and treatment plan to help you.
References:
Alberti A. (2006). Headache and sleep. Sleep medicine reviews, 16872851.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16872851/
Rains JC, & Poceta JS. (2006). Headache and sleep disorders: review and clinical .... Headache, 17040332.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17040332/
Rains JC, & Poceta JS. (2012). Sleep-related headaches. Neurologic clinics, 23099138.
Q.
Why does my headache seem to get worse at night and how can I manage it?
A.
Headaches can get worse at night due to various reasons including poor sleep quality and/or what happens during your day. Understanding if your sleep habits or daytime routine affect your headaches can be a first step in managing your symptoms.
References:
Singh NN, & Sahota P. (2013). Sleep-related headache and its management. Current treatment options in neurology, 24132786.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24132786/
Gori S, Morelli N, Maestri M, Fabbrini M, Bonanni E, & Murri L. (2005). Sleep quality, chronotypes and preferential timing .... The journal of headache and pain, 16362680.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16362680/
Kikuchi H, Yoshiuchi K, Yamamoto Y, Komaki G, & Akabayashi A. (2011). Does sleep aggravate tension-type headache?. BioPsychoSocial medicine, 21835045.
Q.
Why might I experience sinus headaches at night and how can I prevent them?
A.
Sinus headaches at night can happen because of blocked sinuses, and these symptoms can worsen when lying down. There are medications available to prevent and reduce sinus headache symptoms. Keep in mind that the symptoms of a sinus headache can be similar to symptoms of other health conditions, so if your symptoms are severe or worsening, you should consult with a healthcare provider for a personalized medical assessment and treatment plan.
References:
Young T, Finn L, & Kim H. (1997). Nasal obstruction as a risk factor for sleep-disordered .... The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology, 9042068.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9042068/
Low WK, & Willatt DJ. (1995). Headaches associated with nasal obstruction due to .... Headache, 7672957.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7672957/
Malvezzi L, Seccia V, Moffa A, Canevari FRM, Baiardini I, Barbaglia S, et al. (2025). The Impact and Burden of Chronic Rhinosinusitis with .... Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 39997305.
Q.
How common are tension headaches and what can I do to prevent them?
A.
Tension headaches are very common and can often be prevented by managing stress, getting enough sleep, and practicing relaxation techniques.
References:
Millea PJ, & Brodie JJ. (2002). Tension-type headache. American family physician, 12322770.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12322770/
Ashina S, Mitsikostas DD, Lee MJ, Yamani N, Wang SJ, Messina R, et al. (2021). Tension-type headache. Nature reviews. Disease primers, 33767185.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33767185/
Jensen R. (1999). Pathophysiological mechanisms of tension-type headache. Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache, 10448549.
Q.
What are cervicogenic headaches and how are they related to neck issues?
A.
Cervicogenic headaches are headaches caused by problems in the neck, often due to issues with neck joints or muscles.
References:
Piovesan EJ, Utiumi MAT, & Grossi DB. (2024). Cervicogenic headache - How to recognize and treat. Best practice & research. Clinical rheumatology, 38388233.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38388233/
Bogduk N, & Govind J. (2009). Cervicogenic headache: an assessment of the evidence on .... The Lancet. Neurology, 19747657.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19747657/
Bogduk N. (2001). Cervicogenic headache: anatomic basis and .... Current pain and headache reports, 11403743.
Q.
What are effective methods to relieve a headache in the back of the head?
A.
To relieve a headache at the back of the head, try physical treatments like stretching and relaxation exercises. Noninvasive methods such as biofeedback and relaxation techniques can also be helpful.
References:
Biondi DM. (2005). Physical treatments for headache: a structured review. Headache, 15953306.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15953306/
Biondi DM. (2005). Noninvasive treatments for headache. Expert review of neurotherapeutics, 15938668.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15938668/
Fernández-de-Las-Peñas C, & Cuadrado ML. (2016). Physical therapy for headaches. Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache, 26660851.
Q.
What are the most common causes of headaches and how can they be treated?
A.
Headaches are often caused by tension, migraines, or other conditions and can be treated with rest, hydration, and sometimes medication.
References:
Robbins MS. (2021). Diagnosis and Management of Headache: A Review. JAMA, 33974014.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33974014/
Baigi K, & Stewart WF. (2015). Headache and migraine: a leading cause of absenteeism. Handbook of clinical neurology, 26563803.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26563803/
Viera AJ, & Antono B. (2022). Acute Headache in Adults: A Diagnostic Approach. American family physician, 36126007.
Q.
What could be the cause of a headache on one side of my head and how can it be treated?
A.
Headaches on one side of the head can often be migraines. They can be treated with medications and lifestyle changes.
References:
Blum ASS, Riggins NY, Hersey DP, Atwood GS, & Littenberg B. (2023). Left- vs right-sided migraine: a scoping review. Journal of neurology, 36882660.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36882660/
Varma A, Jain S, Majid A, & De Felice M. (2018). Central and peripheral processes in headache. Current opinion in supportive and palliative care, 29438129.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29438129/
Gasparini CF, Smith RA, & Griffiths LR. (2017). Genetic and biochemical changes of the serotonergic .... The journal of headache and pain, 28194570.
Q.
What could cause bilateral head pain and how can it be treated?
A.
Bilateral head pain can be caused by tension-type headaches or problems with the jaw. Treatments include managing stress, using pain relievers, and addressing jaw issues.
References:
Fernández-de-Las-Peñas C, Ortega-Santiago R, Cuadrado ML, López-de-Silanes C, & Pareja JA. (2011). Bilateral widespread mechanical pain hypersensitivity as .... Headache, 21054363.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21054363/
Ashina S, Mitsikostas DD, Lee MJ, Yamani N, Wang SJ, Messina R, et al. (2021). Tension-type headache. Nature reviews. Disease primers, 33767185.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33767185/
Speciali JG, & Dach F. (2015). Temporomandibular dysfunction and headache disorder. Headache, 25644695.
Q.
What immediate steps can I take when I have a headache?
A.
When you have a headache, try resting in a quiet, dark room and drink water. If it persists, consider over-the-counter pain relief or consult a healthcare provider.
References:
Robbins MS. (2021). Diagnosis and Management of Headache: A Review. JAMA, 33974014.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33974014/
Baigi K, & Stewart WF. (2015). Headache and migraine: a leading cause of absenteeism. Handbook of clinical neurology, 26563803.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26563803/
Blau JN. (1990). Sleep deprivation headache. Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache, 2245462.
Q.
What is a migraine aura and how can I identify its symptoms?
A.
A migraine aura is a set of sensory disturbances that often occur before a migraine headache, such as seeing flashing lights or feeling tingling in the hands or face.
References:
Lucas C. (2021). Migraine with aura. Revue neurologique, 34384631.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34384631/
Russell MB, & Olesen J. (1996). A nosographic analysis of the migraine aura in a general .... Brain : a journal of neurology, 8800932.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8800932/
Viana M, Sances G, Linde M, Ghiotto N, Guaschino E, Allena M, et al. (2017). Clinical features of migraine aura: Results from a .... Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache, 27573009.
Q.
What symptoms indicate a sinus headache and how is it different from other types?
A.
Sinus headaches often come with pain around the nose, eyes, or forehead, and may include nasal symptoms like congestion. They differ from migraines, which usually have throbbing pain and other symptoms such as nausea.
References:
Jones NS. (2009). Sinus headaches: avoiding over- and mis-diagnosis. Expert review of neurotherapeutics, 19344297.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19344297/
Kim R, & Patel ZM. (2020). Sinus Headache: Differential Diagnosis and an Evidence- .... Otolaryngologic clinics of North America, 32703695.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32703695/
Cady RK, & Schreiber CP. (2002). Sinus headache or migraine? Considerations in making a .... Neurology, 12011268.
Q.
Why am I experiencing headaches every day and what should I do about it?
A.
Daily headaches can be caused by different factors, like allergies or chronic migraine. It's important to talk to a doctor to find out what's causing your headaches and how to treat them.
References:
Gryglas A. (2016). Allergic Rhinitis and Chronic Daily Headaches: Is There a .... Current neurology and neuroscience reports, 26898685.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26898685/
Cho SJ, Song TJ, & Chu MK. (2016). Outcome of Chronic Daily Headache or Chronic Migraine. Current pain and headache reports, 26695062.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26695062/
Krymchantowski AV, & Moreira Filho PF. (2000). [Chronic daily headache: clinical presentation]. Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria, 10920405.
Q.
Why do I experience headaches behind my eyes and how can I alleviate them?
A.
Headaches behind the eyes can be caused by eye strain, sinus issues, or other conditions. Resting your eyes and seeing a doctor if they persist can help.
References:
Tomsak RL. (1991). Ophthalmologic aspects of headache. The Medical clinics of North America, 2020223.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2020223/
Friedman DI. (2008). Headache and the eye. Current pain and headache reports, 18625108.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18625108/
Friedman DI, Gordon LK, & Quiros PA. (2010). Headache attributable to disorders of the eye. Current pain and headache reports, 20425216.
Q.
What are the causes of continuous headaches for days?
A.
Continuous headaches lasting for several days can be caused by a variety of factors, including tension-type headaches, migraines, medication overuse, and more serious underlying conditions. Understanding these potential causes is essential for proper diagnosis and treatment.
References:
McNeil M. Headaches in Adults in Primary Care: Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Treatment. Med Clin North Am. 2021 Jan;105(1):39-53. doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2020.09.005. PMID: 33246522.
Becker WJ, Findlay T, Moga C, Scott NA, Harstall C, Taenzer P. Guideline for primary care management of headache in adults. Can Fam Physician. 2015 Aug;61(8):670-9. PMID: 26273080; PMCID: PMC4541429.
Robbins MS. Diagnosis and Management of Headache: A Review. JAMA. 2021 May 11;325(18):1874-1885. doi: 10.1001/jama.2021.1640. PMID: 33974014.
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