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Episode of high blood pressure

Possible Causes

Generally, High blood pressure can be related to:

Related Serious Diseases

Sometimes, High blood pressure may be related to these serious diseases:

Doctor's Diagnostic Questions

Your doctor may ask these questions to check for this symptom:

Reviewed By:

Unnati Patel, MD, MSc

Unnati Patel, MD, MSc (Family Medicine)

Dr.Patel serves as Center Medical Director and a Primary Care Physician at Oak Street Health in Arizona. She graduated from the Zhejiang University School of Medicine prior to working in clinical research focused on preventive medicine at the University of Illinois and the University of Nevada. Dr. Patel earned her MSc in Global Health from Georgetown University, during which she worked with the WHO in Sierra Leone and Save the Children in Washington, D.C. She went on to complete her Family Medicine residency in Chicago at Norwegian American Hospital before completing a fellowship in Leadership in Value-based Care in conjunction with the Northwestern University Kellogg School of Management, where she earned her MBA. Dr. Patel’s interests include health tech and teaching medical students and she currently serves as Clinical Associate Professor at the University of Arizona School of Medicine.

Yoshinori Abe, MD

Yoshinori Abe, MD (Internal Medicine)

Dr. Abe graduated from The University of Tokyo School of Medicine in 2015. He completed his residency at the Tokyo Metropolitan Health and Longevity Medical Center. He co-founded Ubie, Inc. in May 2017, where he currently serves as CEO & product owner at Ubie. Since December 2019, he has been a member of the Special Committee for Activation of Research in Emergency AI of the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine. | | Dr. Abe has been elected in the 2020 Forbes 30 Under 30 Asia Healthcare & Science category.

From our team of 50+ doctors

Content updated on Feb 6, 2025

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FAQs

Q.

Normal Blood Pressure for Women 30-45: Signs & Next Steps

A.

Normal blood pressure for women 30 to 45 is under 120/80 mmHg; high blood pressure is usually silent, but urgent symptoms like chest pain, severe headache, shortness of breath, or confusion require immediate care. Check your blood pressure regularly and talk to a clinician if readings are consistently 130/80 or higher, especially with pregnancy, birth control use, stress, weight changes, or a family history of hypertension. There are several factors to consider, and complete guidance on ranges, monitoring frequency, lifestyle steps, and when medication may be needed is detailed below.

References:

* Whelton PK, Carey RM, Aronow WS, et al. 2017 ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/AGS/APhA/ASH/ASPC/NMA/PCNA Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018 May 15;71(19):e127-e248. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.11.006. Epub 2017 Nov 13. PMID: 29133354.

* Parikh NI, Cugliari AM, Canto JG, et al. Sex Differences in Awareness, Treatment, and Control of Hypertension in the United States, 1999 to 2018. Hypertension. 2021 Mar;77(3):804-811. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.16335. Epub 2021 Jan 18. PMID: 33455437.

* Volpe M, Borghi C, Dell'Atti M, et al. Hypertension in women: unique features and clinical implications. Int J Cardiol. 2015 Mar 15;183:155-63. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.01.077. Epub 2015 Jan 21. PMID: 25680456.

* American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Preeclampsia and cardiovascular disease in women. Obstet Gynecol. 2013 Aug;122(2 Pt 1):433-40. doi: 10.1097/01.AOG.0000432240.23169.d4. PMID: 23880509.

* Piper MA, Evans CV, Burda BU, et al. Screening for high blood pressure in adults: a systematic review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med. 2014 Jan 7;160(1):31-43. doi: 10.7326/M13-1768. PMID: 24323133.

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Q.

Metoprolol Side Effects in Women 65+: What You Need to Know

A.

Common metoprolol side effects in women 65+ include fatigue or low energy, dizziness when standing, cold hands and feet, and a slow heartbeat; seek medical care right away for fainting, very slow or irregular pulse, swelling or sudden weight gain, chest pain, or worsening shortness of breath. There are several factors to consider. See below to understand more about age-related sensitivity, drug interactions, fall risk, and the need for monitoring, including why doses often start lower, why you should not stop this medicine suddenly, and when to contact your clinician if side effects affect daily life or new symptoms appear.

References:

* Kasiakogias A, Mourtzinis G, Kassiakogias D. Sex differences in beta-blocker efficacy and adverse events. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 2017 Aug;31(4):449-459. doi: 10.1007/s10557-017-6743-x. Epub 2017 Jul 10. PMID: 28695325.

* Hussain A, Akbari A, Ahmed S, Ali T, Al-Rasheedi M, Rabbani G, Al-Hajji R, Abdulrahman Z, Sarfraz F, Siddiqi MN, Al-Haji H, Ahmad W, Al-Ansari A. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic considerations for prescribing beta-blockers in older adults. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2021 Oct;25(19):6062-6072. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_202110_26909. PMID: 34651346.

* AlGhatrif M, Al-Badri A, Tielsch JM, Pak P, Zieman SJ. Comparative effectiveness of beta-blockers in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2017 Jan;65(1):161-168. doi: 10.1111/jgs.14441. Epub 2016 Oct 18. PMID: 27754593; PMCID: PMC5367807.

* Regitz-Zagrosek V, Oertelt-Prigione S, Prescott E, Rooney C, Seeland U, Stangl V, Cifkova R, De Buyzere M, Grotevendt A, Huisman M, Jensen T, Kautzky-Willer A, Morais J, Morbach C, Nibbrig A, Radau R, Scuteri A, Van Bussel B, van der Weerd L, Widdershoven J, Santamaria E. Age- and Sex-Related Differences in Response to Cardiovascular Drugs: A Focus on Hypertension. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 2015 Oct;29(5):481-9. doi: 10.1007/s10557-015-6617-y. PMID: 26362507; PMCID: PMC4582846.

* Gori G, Volpato S. Polypharmacy and Adverse Drug Events in Older Adults: A Narrative Review. Geriatrics (Basel). 2020 Jul 17;5(3):47. doi: 10.3390/geriatrics5030047. PMID: 32709088; PMCID: PMC7554900.

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Q.

Metoprolol Over 65: Safe Blood Pressure Management Tips

A.

Metoprolol can be safe and effective for adults over 65 when started low, increased slowly, and closely monitored, with attention to dizziness on standing, slow pulse, shortness of breath, and fall risk, alongside lifestyle changes and home blood pressure checks. Do not stop it suddenly and review all medications for interactions; seek urgent care for chest pain, fainting, severe shortness of breath, new leg or ankle swelling, or stroke signs. There are several factors to consider; see below for dosing, monitoring, fall-prevention, interaction pitfalls, and when to call your doctor, as these details can shape your next steps.

References:

* Whelton, P. K., Carey, R. M., Aronow, W. S., Casey, D. E., Jr., Collins, K. J., Himmelfarb, C. J., ... & Wright, J. T. (2018). 2017 ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/AGS/APhA/ASH/ASPC/NMA/PCNA Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. *Journal of the American College of Cardiology*, *71*(19), e127-e248.

* Benetos, A., Waeber, B., de Leeuw, P. W., Doyle, A., & Pitt, B. (2019). The management of hypertension in elderly patients. *European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology*, *75*(5), 603-611.

* Messerli, F. H., & Ventura, H. O. (2015). Beta-Blockers for Hypertension in the Elderly. *Current Cardiology Reports*, *17*(10), 85.

* Aronow, W. S. (2017). Management of Hypertension in Older Persons. *Journal of Geriatric Cardiology*, *14*(10), 633-637.

* Gupta, A. K., & Aronow, W. S. (2020). Hypertension in the Elderly. *Cardiology in Review*, *28*(4), 161–165.

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Q.

The Left-Side Chest "Twinge" When You Lay Down: Why Side Sleepers Get This Scary Symptom

A.

Most brief left-side chest twinges when lying on your side are not heart related, with common causes including gas or reflux pressing on the diaphragm, chest wall muscle or rib irritation, and posture or anxiety; symptoms often improve with position changes or elevation. There are several factors to consider. See below to understand more. Seek urgent care if pressure is persistent and not position dependent, spreads to the arm, neck, jaw, or back, or comes with shortness of breath, sweating, nausea, dizziness, or if you have heart risk factors; practical sleeping-position fixes and guidance on next steps are outlined below.

References:

* Vadiyala L, Soni M, Shah M, et al. Precordial Catch Syndrome: A Common but Underrecognized Cause of Chest Pain. Cureus. 2023 Apr 15;15(4):e37599.

* Stochkendahl MJ, Christensen HW. Chest Wall Pain: Causes and Evaluation. Am J Med. 2017 Jul;130(7):777-783.

* Agrawal M, Singla P, Garg R, et al. Noncardiac chest pain: a gastrointestinal perspective. World J Gastroenterol. 2016 Oct 21;22(39):8633-8646.

* Adler Y, Finkelstein Y, May O, et al. Diagnosis and management of acute pericarditis: a review. JAMA. 2023 May 2;329(17):1481-1490.

* Jameel JK, Zafar M. Psychological factors in noncardiac chest pain. World J Gastroenterol. 2016 Oct 21;22(39):8662-8671.

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Q.

mpv in blood test: 5 things doctors wish you knew

A.

MPV reflects the average size of your platelets and, interpreted with your platelet count, can point to inflammation and cardiovascular risk, shifts from liver disease, or bone marrow and vitamin issues, though delays and analyzer differences can falsely raise or lower it. There are several factors to consider; see below to understand more, including when an unexpected MPV should be repeated promptly, how to pair it with other labs, and which symptoms or rising trends mean you should contact your clinician to guide your next steps.

References:

Tripodi A, & Mannucci PM. (2011). The coagulopathy of chronic liver disease: rebalancing hemostasis in cirrhosis. New England Journal of Medicine, 21468075.

de Franchis R, & Dell'Era A. (2007). Non-invasive diagnosis of cirrhosis and the natural history of portal hypertension… Best practice & research. Clinical gastroenterology, 17223493.

European Association for the Study of the Liver. (2014). EASL clinical practice guidelines for the management of patients with decompensated cirrhosis. Journal of Hepatology, 24986678.

See more on Doctor's Note

Q.

Guanfacine side effects: 5 important things doctors wish you knew

A.

Key guanfacine side effects include lowered blood pressure and heart rate with dizziness or fainting, daytime drowsiness, dry mouth and constipation, rebound hypertension if stopped suddenly, and increased risk in liver disease that may require dose adjustments. There are several factors to consider; avoid mixing with other sedating or blood pressure lowering drugs, monitor vitals, and seek care urgently for severe dizziness or fainting, allergic reactions, chest pain, or major mood changes. See below to understand more, including specific management tips, tapering guidance, and next steps to discuss with your doctor.

References:

Potkin SG, Kratochvil CJ, Jin J, et al. (2013). A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of guanfacine extended-release as adjunctive… J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 23419754.

D'Amico G, Garcia-Tsao G, Pagliaro L. (2006). Natural history and prognostic indicators of survival in cirrhosis: a systematic review of 118… J Hepatol, 16369863.

Forns X, Ampurdanès S, Llovet JM, et al. (2002). Identification of chronic hepatitis C patients without hepatic fibrosis by a simple… Hepatology, 11832273.

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Q.

How guanfacine works

A.

Guanfacine works by selectively stimulating alpha-2A adrenergic receptors in the prefrontal cortex, lowering cAMP to strengthen signaling for attention, working memory, and impulse control, while also reducing sympathetic activity to modestly lower heart rate and blood pressure. There are several factors to consider, including common sedation, dizziness from low blood pressure, CYP3A4 drug interactions, and the need to taper rather than stop abruptly. See important dosing, safety, and monitoring details below to guide next steps in your care.

References:

Arnsten AF, Wang MJ, Paspalas CD. (1997). The alpha-2A-adrenoceptor agonist guanfacine improves delayed… J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 9253250.

Sallee FR, McCormick CE, Barnett D, Kollins SH, Seeger T. (2008). Guanfacine extended-release treatment of ADHD in children and adolescents… J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 18413785.

Kamath PS, & Kim WR. (2007). The model for end-stage liver disease (MELD). Liver Transpl, 17576222.

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Q.

What is guanfacine used for?

A.

Guanfacine is prescribed for ADHD in children, adolescents, and adults, most commonly as extended-release Intuniv, and for high blood pressure with immediate-release Tenex. It is also used off label for tics, sleep issues, behavioral dysregulation, and PTSD-related hyperarousal, and there are several factors to consider, including side effects, drug interactions, blood pressure changes, and the need to taper; see below for complete details that could influence your next steps.

References:

Scahill L, Chappell PB, Kim YS, Schultz RT, Katsovich L, Shepherd E, Schulz S, Donnelly R, Riddle MA. (2001). A placebo-controlled pilot study of guanfacine in the trea… Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 11391022.

Castera L, Forns X, Alberti A. (2008). Noninvasive evaluation of liver fibrosis using transient ele… Journal of Hepatology, 18338519.

Tsochatzis EA, Gurusamy KS, Ntaoula S, Cholongitas E, Davidson BR, Burroughs AK. (2014). Elastography for the diagnosis of severity of fibrosis in chroni… Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol, 23849133.

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Q.

How to lower blood pressure?

A.

You can lower blood pressure with proven steps, but there are several factors to consider; see below for important details that can guide your next steps. Priorities include reducing salt with a DASH-style diet, regular exercise and weight loss, limiting alcohol and caffeine, managing stress, quitting smoking, and using home BP monitoring, with medications added by your clinician if lifestyle changes are not enough; seek urgent care for red flag symptoms like severe headache, chest pain, shortness of breath, weakness, or vision changes.

References:

He FJ, Li J, & MacGregor GA. (2013). Effect of longer-term modest salt reduction on blood pressure: a Cochrane systematic… BMJ, 23335386.

SPRINT Research Group. (2015). A randomized trial of intensive versus standard blood-pressure… N Engl J Med, 26324906.

Tsochatzis EA, Gurusamy KS, & Burroughs AK. (2014). Elastography for the diagnosis of severity of fibrosis in chronic… J Hepatol, 24388143.

See more on Doctor's Note

Q.

Life after 60: How to lower blood pressure?

A.

Lowering blood pressure after 60 is achievable with proven steps: follow a DASH-style diet that cuts sodium and boosts potassium, get about 150 minutes of weekly aerobic activity plus strength training, target a 5 to 10 percent weight loss if needed, limit alcohol, manage stress, and improve sleep. Regular home checks and the right medications, plus attention to issues like sleep apnea or liver health when relevant, are important. There are several factors to consider and urgent symptoms like severe headache, chest pain, vision changes, or shortness of breath require immediate care; see the complete guidance below.

References:

Sacks FM, Svetkey LP, Vollmer WM, Appel LJ, Bray GA, et al. (2001). Effects on blood pressure of reduced dietary sodium and the … N Engl J Med, 11209059.

Cornelissen VA, Fagard RH. (2005). Effects of endurance training on blood pressure, blood-pressure … Hypertension, 16157704.

Castera L, Forns X, Alberti A. (2008). Non-invasive evaluation of liver fibrosis using transient … J Hepatol, 18486245.

See more on Doctor's Note

Q.

Life after 60: What causes high blood pressure?

A.

After 60, high blood pressure often stems from arterial stiffening, reduced vessel relaxation from endothelial changes, and age related kidney and hormonal shifts that retain salt and constrict vessels. Lifestyle and health factors such as high salt intake, inactivity, excess weight, alcohol or tobacco use, sleep apnea, and conditions like diabetes or kidney disease can compound the problem. There are several factors to consider; see below for key details on monitoring, lifestyle steps, medications, and urgent warning signs that could shape your next decisions.

References:

Seals DR, Jablonski KL, & Donato AJ. (2011). Aging and vascular endothelial function in humans. Clin Sci (Lond), 21481442.

Franklin SS, Gustin W 4th, Wong ND, Larson MG, Weber MA, Kannel WB, & Levy D. (1997). Hemodynamic patterns of age-related changes in blood … Circulation, 9244278.

Berzigotti A, Abraldes JG, Bañares R, Rodes J, & Bosch J. (2008). Noninvasive prediction of clinically significant portal … Hepatology, 18027213.

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Q.

Life after 60: What is a dangerous low blood pressure for a woman?

A.

Dangerous low blood pressure for women over 60 is generally sustained readings below 90/60 mmHg or a drop of at least 20 systolic or 10 diastolic within three minutes of standing; readings near or below 80/50 are especially urgent if paired with dizziness, fainting, chest pain, shortness of breath, confusion, or signs of shock. There are several factors to consider that can change next steps, including medications, dehydration, and chronic conditions, so see the complete guidance below for how to monitor, self-care steps, and the specific red flags that require urgent or same‑day medical care.

References:

Freeman R, Wieling W, Axelrod FB, et al. (2011). Consensus statement on the definition of orthostatic hypotension… Clinical Autonomic Research, 21443501.

Kim WR, Biggins SW, Kremers WK, Wiesner RH, Kamath PS, et al. (2006). Hyponatremia and mortality in patients with cirrhosis. Hepatology, 16892600.

Tsochatzis EA, Gurusamy KS, Ntaoula S, et al. (2014). Elastography for the diagnosis of severity of liver fibrosis… Journal of Hepatology, 24314669.

See more on Doctor's Note

Q.

What causes high blood pressure?

A.

Several factors can cause high blood pressure, most often a mix of genetics, aging, excess weight, high sodium intake, inactivity, unhealthy diet, alcohol or tobacco use, chronic stress, and poor sleep that drive essential hypertension. A smaller share comes from specific causes like kidney disease, hormonal disorders, sleep apnea, certain medications, and pregnancy issues, and there is also portal hypertension from liver cirrhosis; there are several factors to consider. See complete details below to understand which next steps may fit your situation.

References:

Carretero OA, & Oparil S. (2000). Essential hypertension. Part I: definition and etiology… Circulation, 10645950.

Tsochatzis EA, Bosch J, & Burroughs AK. (2014). Liver cirrhosis… Lancet, 24725464.

Kim SU, Kim HS, Park JY, et al. (2019). Transient elastography-based risk prediction for hepatic decomp… Dig Liver Dis, 31542476.

See more on Doctor's Note

Q.

What is a dangerous low blood pressure for a woman?

A.

For women, low blood pressure is generally below 90/60 mmHg, and it becomes dangerous when it causes symptoms of poor blood flow or when readings fall near or below 70/40 mmHg, especially with red flags like fainting, chest pain, severe shortness of breath, confusion, or signs of shock. There are several factors to consider, including orthostatic drops of 20 systolic or 10 diastolic within 3 minutes of standing and causes like dehydration, medications, and heart or endocrine issues; see below for key thresholds, warning symptoms, and next steps.

References:

Freeman R, Wieling W, Axelrod FB, et al. (2011). Consensus statement on the definition of orthostatic hypotension… Neurology, 21212229.

D'Amico G, Garcia-Tsao G, Pagliaro L. (2006). Natural history and prognostic indicators of survival in… J Hepatol, 16410618.

Kim WR, Biggins SW, Kremers WK, et al. (2008). Hyponatremia and mortality among patients on the liver-transplant… N Engl J Med, 18784122.

See more on Doctor's Note

Q.

What is normal blood pressure by age?

A.

Normal blood pressure for adults is below 120/80 mm Hg; average values rise slightly with age to about 115/75 for ages 18 to 39, 120/80 for ages 40 to 59, and 125/80 for ages 60 and older, while in children normal is based on age, sex, and height percentiles rather than a single cutoff. There are several factors to consider. Elevated begins at 120 to 129 with diastolic under 80, hypertension starts at 130/80 or higher, and readings at or above 180 systolic or 120 diastolic require emergency care; see the complete guidance below for pediatric charts, how to measure at home, condition-specific targets, and next steps to discuss with your clinician.

References:

Flynn JT, & Kaelber DC. (2017). Clinical Practice Guideline for Screening and Management of High Blood Pressure… Pediatrics, 28984803.

Kamath PS, & Wiesner RH. (2001). A model to predict survival in patients with end-stage liver disease. Hepatology, 11157951.

European Association for the Study of the Liver. (2014). EASL clinical practice guidelines for the management of patients with decompensated cirrhosis. Journal of Hepatology, 24986678.

See more on Doctor's Note

Q.

What is normal blood pressure in seniors?

A.

Normal blood pressure in seniors is under 120/80 mm Hg; many healthy older adults are treated toward a systolic under 130 mm Hg, while frailer seniors may do better with 130 to 139 mm Hg to balance benefits and risks. There are several factors to consider. See below for details on how targets change with health status and medications, how to measure BP correctly at home, lifestyle steps that help, and when to seek care.

References:

Cushman WC, et al. (2016). Effect of intensive vs standard blood-pressure control on cardiovascul… JAMA, 26472999.

Upadhyay A, et al. (2019). Blood Pressure Targets in Older Adults: JACC review topic of the… J Am Coll Cardiol, 30665655.

European Association for the Study of the Liver. (2015). EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines for the management of patients with decompensated… J Hepatol, 26248392.

See more on Doctor's Note

Q.

What are Selenium's uses and side effects on health?

A.

Selenium is an essential trace mineral used for antioxidant defense, thyroid hormone activation, immune support, and fertility; most people meet needs from food (RDA ~55 µg/day), and routine high‑dose supplements aren’t recommended for cancer prevention or general health. Excess intake (over the 400 µg/day upper limit) can cause selenosis—garlic‑like breath, brittle or lost hair/nails, nausea/diarrhea, skin rash, irritability, and numbness/tingling—and may affect blood sugar and interact with medicines (e.g., blood thinners, cancer treatments). There are several factors to consider; see below for important details on testing, safe dosing, pregnancy needs, and drug/disease precautions that could affect your next steps.

References:

Vinceti M, Filippini T, Del Giovane C, et al. (2018). Selenium for preventing cancer… Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 29333567.

Stranges S, Marshall JR, Natarajan R, et al. (2007). Effects of long-term selenium supplementation on the incidence of type 2 dia… Ann Intern Med, 18025451.

Castera L, Forns X, & Alberti A. (2008). Non-invasive evaluation of liver fibrosis using transient elastography… Hepatology, 18376480.

See more on Doctor's Note

Q.

What is the truth about apple cider vinegar lowering blood pressure?

A.

Apple cider vinegar is not a proven way to lower blood pressure: human evidence is limited and mixed, with at most small, indirect effects via better blood sugar control and modest weight loss, and major guidelines don’t recommend it. There are several factors to consider—including dilution, tooth enamel and GI irritation, possible low potassium, and interactions with blood pressure or diabetes medications—so don’t replace prescribed treatment; if you try it, use small, well diluted amounts and consult your clinician. For important details that could influence your next steps, see below.

References:

Johnston CS, & Gaas CA. (2006). Vinegar: medicinal uses and antiglycemic effect… MedGenMed, 16978474.

European Association for the Study of the Liver. (2015). EASL-ALEH clinical practice guidelines for non-invasive tests for… J Hepatol, 25929517.

Bosch J, Abraldes JG, Berzigotti A, & Garcia-Pagan JC. (2009). Portal hypertension and variceal bleeding in cirrhosis… J Hepatol, 18774410.

See more on Doctor's Note

Q.

Can cold medicine raise my blood pressure?

A.

Yes, some cold medicines can raise blood pressure, especially those containing pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine. See below to understand more.

References:

White WB, & Riotte K. (1985). Drugs for cough and cold symptoms in hypertensive patients. American family physician, 3976459.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3976459/

Morales-Carpi C, Torres-Chazarra C, Lurbe E, Torró I, & Morales-Olivas FJ. (2008). Cold medication containing oral phenylephrine as a cause .... European journal of pediatrics, 17899189.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17899189/

Coates ML, Rembold CM, & Farr BM. (1995). Does pseudoephedrine increase blood pressure in .... The Journal of family practice, 7807033.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7807033/

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Q.

Can cough medicine interact with blood pressure pills?

A.

Yes, some cough medicines can interact with blood pressure pills, potentially affecting blood pressure control. See below to understand more.

References:

Gabardi S, Carter D, Martin S, & Roberts K. (2011). Recommendations for the proper use of nonprescription .... Progress in transplantation (Aliso Viejo, Calif.), 21485938.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21485938/

Carpenter M, Berry H, & Pelletier AL. (2019). Clinically Relevant Drug-Drug Interactions in Primary Care. American family physician, 31038898.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31038898/

Honig PK, & Gillespie BK. (1995). Drug interactions between prescribed and over-the-counter .... Drug safety, 8785017.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8785017/

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References