Overweight
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Try one of these related symptoms.
Gained weight
Overweight
Fat stomach
Eating too many calories
Facial roundness
Excessive fat in the abdominal or belly region
Excessive fat accumulation around the abdominal area
Increased fat
Calorie intake is more than output
My body is getting bigger
Getting fat
Gained belly fat
About the Symptom
Obesity is excessive fat accumulation and excessive weight, generally when body mass index (BMI) is 30 or greater and can increase the risk of serious health problems.
When to See a Doctor
Seek professional care if you experience any of the following symptoms
- Melena (black stools)
- Facial edema
- Abnormal menstruation
- Unexplained weight loss of 5% or more in 1 month
- Recent weight loss
- Jaundice
- Edema
- Vomiting of blood
Possible Causes
Generally, Overweight can be related to:
- Drug-Induced Obesity
Drug-induced weight gain is a side effect of many commonly used drugs, such as long-term steroid medication. This often leads to obesity-related health problems. Due to the weight gain, some patients discontinue the medication.
- Obesity
Obesity (overweight) results from a combination of factors such as overeating, insufficient exercise, and genetic factors.
- Hypothyroidism
A disorder where thyroid hormone levels in the body are abnormally low. These hormones are necessary for growth, development, and metabolism. Some symptoms include unintended weight gain, constipation, changes in menstrual cycles, dry skin, brittle nails, depression and memory issues. It can be caused by an autoimmune disorder (Hashimoto's) or from prior thyroid surgery and sometimes medications.
- Dyslipidemia
- Pituitary Adenoma
- Sleep Apnea Syndrome
- Cushing's Syndrome
- Inguinal Hernia
- Age-Related Macular Degeneration
- Diabetes Mellitus
Doctor's Diagnostic Questions
Your doctor may ask these questions to check for this symptom:
- Are you currently overweight?
- When did you first notice that you are overweight?
- How is your overweight now?
- Are you experiencing weight gain in your face and body while your arms and legs are getting thinner?
- Do you feel that your face has become round like a full moon, but your arms and legs are slim?
Reviewed By:
Hidetaka Hamasaki, MD (Endocrinology)
Dr. Hamasaki graduated from the Hiroshima University School of Medicine and the Graduate School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University. He completed his residency at the Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital and the Department of Internal Medicine, Kohnodai Hospital, National Center for Global Health and Medicine. He has served in the National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital and Kohnodai Hospital and joined Hamasaki Clinic in April 2017. Dr. Hamasaki specializes in diabetes and treats a wide range of internal medicine and endocrine disorders.
Unnati Patel, MD, MSc (Family Medicine)
Dr.Patel serves as Center Medical Director and a Primary Care Physician at Oak Street Health in Arizona. She graduated from the Zhejiang University School of Medicine prior to working in clinical research focused on preventive medicine at the University of Illinois and the University of Nevada. Dr. Patel earned her MSc in Global Health from Georgetown University, during which she worked with the WHO in Sierra Leone and Save the Children in Washington, D.C. She went on to complete her Family Medicine residency in Chicago at Norwegian American Hospital before completing a fellowship in Leadership in Value-based Care in conjunction with the Northwestern University Kellogg School of Management, where she earned her MBA. Dr. Patel’s interests include health tech and teaching medical students and she currently serves as Clinical Associate Professor at the University of Arizona School of Medicine.
Content updated on Feb 6, 2025
Following the Medical Content Editorial Policy
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- My whole body is getting thicker
- Unable to decrease my calorie consumption
- My abdomen has become thicker
- Face has grown very circular
- Taking in too many calories everyday
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- The torso became thicker
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- My belly has grown
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FAQs
Q.
How can a gain weight calculator help me achieve my weight goals?
A.
A weight gain calculator can help you track your progress and set realistic goals for gaining weight by using your current weight and other personal factors.
References:
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Katsoulis M, Lai AG, Diaz-Ordaz K, Gomes M, Pasea L, Banerjee A, et al. (2021). Identifying adults at high-risk for change in weight and BMI .... The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology, 34481555.
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Wong CK, & Wong RJ. (2017). Standard and Amputation-Adjusted Body Mass Index .... American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitation, 28692486.
Q.
How can I effectively reduce visceral fat?
A.
To reduce visceral fat, engage in regular exercise and consider dietary changes. Different types of exercises and specific diets can help decrease this type of fat effectively.
References:
Zhang H, Tong TK, Kong Z, Shi Q, Liu Y, & Nie J. (2021). Exercise training-induced visceral fat loss in obese women. Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports, 32789898.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32789898/
Shobako N, Shimada H, Yamato T, Nakazeko T, Hirano Y, Nakamura F, & Honda K. (2024). Visceral Fat-Reducing Effect of Novel Dietary Intervention .... Nutrients, 39339806.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39339806/
Wang R, Zhang X, Ren H, Zhou H, Yuan Y, Chai Y, & Hou X. (2022). Effects of different exercise types on visceral fat in young .... Frontiers in physiology, 36246116.
Q.
How can I gain weight quickly in a healthy way?
A.
To gain weight quickly and healthily, focus on balanced nutrition and possibly dietary supplements.
References:
Thompson DS, McKenzie K, Opondo C, Boyne MS, Lelijveld N, Wells JC, et al. (2023). Faster rehabilitation weight gain during childhood is .... PLOS global public health, 38127945.
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Hoare S, Poppitt SD, Prentice AM, & Weaver LT. (1996). Dietary supplementation and rapid catch-up growth after .... The British journal of nutrition, 8942357.
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Singhal A, Cole TJ, Fewtrell M, Kennedy K, Stephenson T, Elias-Jones A, & Lucas A. (2007). Promotion of faster weight gain in infants born small for .... Circulation, 17179023.
Q.
How does a BMI of 27 affect my health risks?
A.
A BMI of 27 is considered overweight and may increase the risk of certain health issues and mortality.
References:
Singh PN, & Lindsted KD. (1998). Body mass and 26-year risk of mortality from specific .... Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.), 9583415.
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Dorn JM, Schisterman EF, Winkelstein W Jr, & Trevisan M. (1997). Body mass index and mortality in a general population .... American journal of epidemiology, 9400333.
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Global BMI Mortality Collaboration, Di Angelantonio E, Bhupathiraju ShN, Wormser D, Gao P, Kaptoge S, et al. (2016). Body-mass index and all-cause mortality. Lancet (London, England), 27423262.
Q.
Is a BMI of 25 considered overweight or healthy?
A.
A BMI of 25 is considered the start of the overweight category, but it is important to consider other health factors too.
References:
Klatsky AL, Zhang J, Udaltsova N, Li Y, & Tran HN. (2017). Body Mass Index and Mortality in a Very Large Cohort. The Permanente journal, 28678695.
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Gilmore J. (1999). Body mass index and health - PubMed. Health reports, 11965822.
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Flegal KM. (2023). Use and Misuse of BMI Categories. AMA journal of ethics, 37432009.
Q.
Is it common to gain weight while breastfeeding, and why?
A.
Weight changes during breastfeeding can vary. Some women may lose weight, while others might gain or retain weight due to factors like diet and activity level.
References:
Janney CA, Zhang D, & Sowers M. (1997). Lactation and weight retention. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 9356528.
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Aktac S, & Boran P. (2022). Weight Change Pattern Among Breastfeeding Mothers. Breastfeeding medicine : the official journal of the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine, 34918949.
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Østbye T, Krause KM, Swamy GK, & Lovelady CA. (2010). Effect of breastfeeding on weight retention from one .... Preventive medicine, 20655944.
Q.
What are the common reasons for getting fat despite a healthy lifestyle?
A.
Even with a healthy lifestyle, people can gain weight due to factors like genetics, hormonal changes, and how the body uses energy.
References:
Levin BE. (2007). Why some of us get fat and what we can do about it. The Journal of physiology, 17584845.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17584845/
Borer KT. (2021). Why We Eat Too Much, Have an Easier Time Gaining Than .... Nutrients, 34836068.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34836068/
Piaggi P. (2019). Metabolic Determinants of Weight Gain in Humans. Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 31012296.
Q.
What exercises are best for getting rid of back fat?
A.
To reduce back fat, a combination of diet and exercise is important, as exercise alone may not specifically target fat loss in one area.
References:
Kostek MA, Pescatello LS, Seip RL, Angelopoulos TJ, Clarkson PM, Gordon PM, et al. (2007). Subcutaneous fat alterations resulting from an upper-body .... Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 17596787.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17596787/
Utter AC, Nieman DC, Shannonhouse EM, Butterworth DE, & Nieman CN. (1998). Influence of diet and/or exercise on body composition .... International journal of sport nutrition, 9738131.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9738131/
Benatti F, Solis M, Artioli G, Montag E, Painelli V, Saito F, et al. (2012). Liposuction induces a compensatory increase of visceral .... The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 22539589.
Q.
What is the medical term for having excessive fat in the blood?
A.
The medical term for having too much fat in the blood is 'hyperlipidemia.'
References:
Bays HE. (2011). Adiposopathy is "sick fat" a cardiovascular disease?. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 21679848.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21679848/
Johannsson G, & Bengtsson BA. (1999). Growth hormone and the metabolic syndrome. Journal of endocrinological investigation, 10442570.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10442570/
Simha V, & Garg A. (2002). Body fat distribution and metabolic derangements in .... The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 11836320.
Q.
What is the most accurate calculator for determining if I'm overweight?
A.
The Body Mass Index (BMI) is commonly used to see if someone is overweight, but it might not be the most accurate for everyone. Other methods that estimate body fat percentage can be more precise.
References:
de Jong RH. (2001). Body mass index: risk predictor for cosmetic day surgery. Plastic and reconstructive surgery, 11496206.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11496206/
Mill-Ferreyra E, Cameno-Carrillo V, Saúl-Gordo H, & Camí-Lavado MC. (2019). Estimation of the percentage of body fat based on .... Semergen, 30268360.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30268360/
Goonasegaran AR, Nabila FN, & Shuhada NS. (2012). Comparison of the effectiveness of body mass index and .... Singapore medical journal, 22711041.
Q.
Why does my body tend to store fat primarily in the stomach area?
A.
Your body might store more fat in the stomach area due to genetics and family traits, as well as differences between men and women.
References:
Carey DG, Nguyen TV, Campbell LV, Chisholm DJ, & Kelly P. (1996). Genetic influences on central abdominal fat: a twin study. International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity, 8856394.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8856394/
Nauli AM, & Matin S. (2019). Why Do Men Accumulate Abdominal Visceral Fat?. Frontiers in physiology, 31866877.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31866877/
Rice T, Després JP, Daw EW, Gagnon J, Borecki IB, Pérusse L, et al. (1997). Familial resemblance for abdominal visceral fat. International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity, 9368826.
Q.
Can eating too many vitamin gummies contribute to weight gain?
A.
Eating too many vitamin gummies might not directly cause weight gain, but they can have other health risks if consumed in excess.
References:
Doyle KG, Blackstone MM, & Barrett BC. (2021). Subacute Gummy Vitamin Overdose as a Rare .... Pediatric emergency care, 30624424.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30624424/
Barrueto F Jr, Wang-Flores HH, Howland MA, Hoffman RS, & Nelson LS. (2005). Acute vitamin D intoxication in a child. Pediatrics, 16140692.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16140692/
Haller CA, Meier KH, & Olson KR. (2005). Seizures reported in association with use of dietary .... Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.), 15732443.
Q.
What could be causing weight gain specifically in my stomach area?
A.
Weight gain in the stomach area can be due to stress and the hormone cortisol, which affects how fat is stored in the body. Men may also naturally accumulate more fat in the abdomen due to biological factors.
References:
Nauli AM, & Matin S. (2019). Why Do Men Accumulate Abdominal Visceral Fat?. Frontiers in physiology, 31866877.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31866877/
Hewagalamulage SD, Lee TK, Clarke IJ, & Henry BA. (2016). Stress, cortisol, and obesity: a role for .... Domestic animal endocrinology, 27345309.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27345309/
Moyer AE, Rodin J, Grilo CM, Cummings N, Larson LM, & Rebuffé-Scrive M. (1994). Stress-induced cortisol response and fat distribution in .... Obesity research, 16353426.
Q.
Can eating too many nuts lead to weight gain?
A.
Eating too many nuts can lead to weight gain if you consume more calories than your body uses, but moderate nut consumption is generally not linked to weight gain and may even be beneficial.
References:
Tsai CJ, Leitzmann MF, Hu FB, Willett WC, & Giovannucci EL. (2004). A prospective cohort study of nut consumption and the risk .... American journal of epidemiology, 15522852.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15522852/
Hollis J, & Mattes R. (2007). Effect of chronic consumption of almonds on body weight in .... The British journal of nutrition, 17445351.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17445351/
Balakrishna R, Bjørnerud T, Bemanian M, Aune D, & Fadnes LT. (2022). Consumption of Nuts and Seeds and Health Outcomes .... Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.), 36041171.
Q.
Can eating too much kale have negative effects on my health?
A.
Eating too much kale might have negative effects due to its oxalate content, which can affect your body in certain ways.
References:
Noonan SC, & Savage GP. (1999). Oxalate content of foods and its effect on humans. Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition, 24393738.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24393738/
Mrowicka M, Mrowicki J, Kucharska E, & Majsterek I. (2022). Lutein and Zeaxanthin and Their Roles in Age-Related .... Nutrients, 35215476.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35215476/
genannt Bonsmann SS, Walczyk T, Renggli S, & Hurrell RF. (2008). Oxalic acid does not influence nonhaem iron absorption in .... European journal of clinical nutrition, 17440529.
Q.
How can I determine how many calories are too much for my daily intake?
A.
Finding out how many calories are too much depends on factors like diet type and food choices. Eating too many ultra-processed foods can lead to consuming extra calories.
References:
Benton D, & Young HA. (2017). Reducing Calorie Intake May Not Help You Lose Body .... Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science, 28657838.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28657838/
Hall KD, Ayuketah A, Brychta R, Cai H, Cassimatis T, Chen KY, et al. (2019). Ultra-Processed Diets Cause Excess Calorie Intake and .... Cell metabolism, 31105044.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31105044/
Howarth NC, Saltzman E, & Roberts SB. (2001). Dietary fiber and weight regulation. Nutrition reviews, 11396693.
Q.
How can I increase brown fat in my body to aid in weight management?
A.
You can increase brown fat by exposing your body to cold temperatures and possibly through certain medical treatments. Brown fat helps burn calories and manage weight.
References:
Virtanen KA. (2019). Activation of Human Brown Adipose Tissue (BAT). Handbook of experimental pharmacology, 30141098.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30141098/
Kim SH, & Plutzky J. (2016). Brown Fat and Browning for the Treatment of Obesity .... Diabetes & metabolism journal, 26912151.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26912151/
Ravussin Y, Xiao C, Gavrilova O, & Reitman ML. (2014). Effect of intermittent cold exposure on brown fat activation .... PloS one, 24465761.
Q.
How can I increase the fat content in my breast milk through diet?
A.
Eating a balanced diet with healthy fats can help improve the fat content in breast milk, but the overall impact may vary.
References:
Xi Q, Liu W, Zeng T, Chen X, Luo T, & Deng Z. (2023). Effect of Different Dietary Patterns on Macronutrient .... Nutrients, 36771192.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36771192/
Jenness R. (1979). The composition of human milk. Seminars in perinatology, 392766.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/392766/
Bravi F, Wiens F, Decarli A, Dal Pont A, Agostoni C, & Ferraroni M. (2016). Impact of maternal nutrition on breast-milk composition. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 27534637.
Q.
How do I calculate my BMI using an online calculator?
A.
To calculate your BMI using an online calculator, enter your height and weight, and it will show your BMI number.
References:
Matsuzawa Y, Tokunaga K, Kotani K, Keno Y, Kobayashi T, & Tarui S. (1990). Simple estimation of ideal body weight from body mass .... Diabetes research and clinical practice, 2286124.
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Villaverde-Gutiérrez C, Sánchez-López MJ, Ramirez-Rodrigo J, & Ocaña-Peinado FM. (2015). Should arm span or height be used in calculating the BMI .... Journal of clinical nursing, 25523902.
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de Jong RH. (2001). Body mass index: risk predictor for cosmetic day surgery. Plastic and reconstructive surgery, 11496206.
Q.
How is BMI used to determine if someone is overweight?
A.
BMI, or Body Mass Index, is a number calculated from a person's height and weight and is used to see if someone is overweight. A BMI of 25 to 29.9 means a person is considered overweight.
References:
Klatsky AL, Zhang J, Udaltsova N, Li Y, & Tran HN. (2017). Body Mass Index and Mortality in a Very Large Cohort. The Permanente journal, 28678695.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28678695/
Flegal KM, Kit BK, & Graubard BI. (2014). Body mass index categories in observational studies .... American journal of epidemiology, 24893710.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24893710/
Karchynskaya V, Kopcakova J, Klein D, Gába A, Madarasova-Geckova A, van Dijk JP, et al. (2020). Is BMI a Valid Indicator of Overweight and Obesity for .... International journal of environmental research and public health, 32635439.
Q.
Is it possible to gain weight by eating too few calories?
A.
Eating too few calories can lead to weight gain because it may increase stress hormones and affect metabolism.
References:
Tomiyama AJ, Mann T, Vinas D, Hunger JM, Dejager J, & Taylor SE. (2010). Low calorie dieting increases cortisol. Psychosomatic medicine, 20368473.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20368473/
Wadden TA, Mason G, Foster GD, Stunkard AJ, & Prange AJ. (1990). Effects of a very low calorie diet on weight, thyroid .... International journal of obesity, 2341229.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2341229/
Koffler M, & Kisch ES. (1996). Starvation diet and very-low-calorie diets may induce .... Journal of diabetes and its complications, 8777329.
Q.
What activities or foods can help increase fat burning?
A.
Intermittent fasting and regular exercise, especially at the right intensity, can help increase fat burning.
References:
Gotthardt JD, Verpeut JL, Yeomans BL, Yang JA, Yasrebi A, Roepke TA, & Bello NT. (2016). Intermittent Fasting Promotes Fat Loss With Lean Mass .... Endocrinology, 26653760.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26653760/
Achten J, & Jeukendrup AE. (2004). Optimizing fat oxidation through exercise and diet. Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.), 15212756.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15212756/
Bellicha A, van Baak MA, Battista F, Beaulieu K, Blundell JE, Busetto L, et al. (2021). Effect of exercise training on weight loss, body composition .... Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity, 33955140.
Q.
What are effective exercises for getting rid of belly fat?
A.
To reduce belly fat, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) is effective, but consistent exercise and a healthy diet are also important.
References:
Kuo CH, & Harris MB. (2016). Abdominal fat reducing outcome of exercise training. Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology, 27152424.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27152424/
Harris MB, & Kuo CH. (2021). Scientific Challenges on Theory of Fat Burning by Exercise. Frontiers in physiology, 34295263.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34295263/
Maillard F, Pereira B, & Boisseau N. (2018). Effect of High-Intensity Interval Training on Total, .... Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 29127602.
Q.
What are some strategies to bulk up without gaining excess fat?
A.
To gain muscle without gaining too much fat, focus on eating the right amount of protein and calories, and balance your diet with carbs and fats.
References:
Lambert CP, Frank LL, & Evans WJ. (2004). Macronutrient considerations for the sport of bodybuilding. Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 15107010.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15107010/
Wrzosek M, Woźniak J, & Włodarek D. (2021). The effect of high-fat versus high-carb diet on body .... Food science & nutrition, 34026070.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34026070/
Helms ER, Spence AJ, Sousa C, Kreiger J, Taylor S, Oranchuk DJ, et al. (2023). Effect of Small and Large Energy Surpluses on Strength .... Sports medicine - open, 37914977.
Q.
What are the common causes of developing a big stomach?
A.
A big stomach can be caused by factors like genetics, hormones, and lifestyle choices, which lead to the buildup of fat inside the belly.
References:
Nauli AM, & Matin S. (2019). Why Do Men Accumulate Abdominal Visceral Fat?. Frontiers in physiology, 31866877.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31866877/
Rice T, Després JP, Daw EW, Gagnon J, Borecki IB, Pérusse L, et al. (1997). Familial resemblance for abdominal visceral fat. International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity, 9368826.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9368826/
Tchernof A, & Després JP. (2013). Pathophysiology of human visceral obesity: an update. Physiological reviews, 23303913.
Q.
What are the health implications of having a BMI of 28?
A.
A BMI of 28 is considered overweight and may increase the risk of health problems like heart disease and diabetes.
References:
Nuttall FQ. (2015). Body Mass Index: Obesity, BMI, and Health: A Critical Review. Nutrition today, 27340299.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27340299/
Elmaleh-Sachs A, Schwartz JL, Bramante CT, Nicklas JM, Gudzune KA, & Jay M. (2023). Obesity Management in Adults: A Review. JAMA, 38015216.
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Bray GA. (1987). Overweight is risking fate. Definition, classification, .... Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 3300479.
Q.
What are the health risks associated with fat accumulated in the abdominal area?
A.
Fat in the belly area, called visceral fat, can lead to health problems like heart disease and diabetes.
References:
Tchernof A, & Després JP. (2013). Pathophysiology of human visceral obesity: an update. Physiological reviews, 23303913.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23303913/
Matsuzawa Y, Nakamura T, Shimomura I, & Kotani K. (1995). Visceral fat accumulation and cardiovascular disease. Obesity research, 8653544.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8653544/
Hamdy O, Porramatikul S, & Al-Ozairi E. (2006). the paradox between visceral and subcutaneous fat. Current diabetes reviews, 18220642.
Q.
What are the safest methods for stomach fat removal?
A.
Non-invasive methods like CoolSculpting, Endolift laser, and High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) are considered safe for reducing stomach fat.
References:
Kennedy J, Verne S, Griffith R, Falto-Aizpurua L, & Nouri K. (2015). Non-invasive subcutaneous fat reduction: a review. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV, 25664493.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25664493/
Nilforoushzadeh MA, Heidari-Kharaji M, Fakhim T, Behrangi E, Shahverdi M, Rafiee S, & Nobari NN. (2023). Efficacy of Endolift laser for arm and under abdomen fat .... Journal of cosmetic dermatology, 36795455.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36795455/
Hong JY, Ko EJ, Choi SY, Kwon TR, Kim JH, Kim SY, & Kim BJ. (2020). Efficacy and Safety of High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound .... Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.], 31490305.
Q.
What could be the reasons for gaining weight unexpectedly?
A.
Unexpected weight gain can happen due to various reasons like changes in medication, hormone levels, or underlying health conditions.
References:
Masood B, & Moorthy M. (2023). Causes of obesity: a review. Clinical medicine (London, England), 37524429.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37524429/
Russell-Jones D, & Khan R. (2007). Insulin-associated weight gain in diabetes--causes, effects .... Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 17924864.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17924864/
Kyriacou A, Kyriacou A, Makris KC, Syed AA, & Perros P. (2019). Weight gain following treatment of hyperthyroidism-A .... Clinical obesity, 31267667.
Q.
What does a BMI of 30 indicate about my weight status?
A.
A BMI of 30 means you are considered obese, which can affect your health.
References:
Elsayed G, Davis MC, Dupépé EC, McClugage SG, Szerlip P, Walters BC, & Hadley MN. (2017). Obese (Body Mass Index >30) Patients Have Greater .... World neurosurgery, 28642180.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28642180/
Klatsky AL, Zhang J, Udaltsova N, Li Y, & Tran HN. (2017). Body Mass Index and Mortality in a Very Large Cohort. The Permanente journal, 28678695.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28678695/
Potter AW, Chin GC, Looney DP, & Friedl KE. (2025). Defining Overweight and Obesity by Percent Body Fat .... The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 38747476.
Q.
What is the normal range of weight gain during pregnancy?
A.
The normal range of weight gain during pregnancy varies based on a woman's starting weight, but generally ranges from 25 to 35 pounds for those with a normal BMI before pregnancy.
References:
Rasmussen KM, Catalano PM, & Yaktine AL. (2009). New guidelines for weight gain during pregnancy. Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology, 19809317.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19809317/
Dalfra' MG, Burlina S, & Lapolla A. (2022). Weight gain during pregnancy: A narrative review on the .... Diabetes research and clinical practice, 35568262.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35568262/
Romano M, Lacaria E, Battini L, Aragona M, Bianchi C, Penno G, et al. (2015). How much weight are women gaining during pregnancy? .... Gynecological endocrinology : the official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology, 26291809.
Q.
What lifestyle changes can help reduce a fat stomach?
A.
To reduce belly fat, try being more active and eating fewer carbs while increasing healthy fats in your diet.
References:
Emery EM, Schmid TL, Kahn HS, & Filozof PP. (1993). A review of the association between abdominal fat .... American journal of health promotion : AJHP, 10148711.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10148711/
Kay SJ, & Fiatarone Singh MA. (2006). The influence of physical activity on abdominal fat. Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity, 16629874.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16629874/
Gower BA, & Goss AM. (2015). A lower-carbohydrate, higher-fat diet reduces abdominal .... The Journal of nutrition, 25527677.
Q.
What methods can increase fat oxidation in the body?
A.
To increase fat oxidation, focus on regular exercise and a balanced diet. These methods help your body use more fat for energy.
References:
Achten J, & Jeukendrup AE. (2004). Optimizing fat oxidation through exercise and diet. Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.), 15212756.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15212756/
Kiens B, Alsted TJ, & Jeppesen J. (2011). Factors regulating fat oxidation in human skeletal muscle. Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity, 21951332.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21951332/
Solomon TP, Sistrun SN, Krishnan RK, Del Aguila LF, Marchetti CM, O'Carroll SM, et al. (2008). Exercise and diet enhance fat oxidation and reduce insulin .... Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 18323464.
Q.
Why am I gaining weight while working out regularly?
A.
Gaining weight while working out can happen because you might be building muscle, which is heavier than fat. Exercise can also increase the size of your organs, contributing to weight gain.
References:
Forbes GB. (1992). Exercise and lean weight: the influence of body weight. Nutrition reviews, 1407744.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1407744/
Tipton KD, & Wolfe RR. (2001). Exercise, protein metabolism, and muscle growth. International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism, 11255140.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11255140/
Miyauchi S, Oshima S, Asaka M, Kawano H, Torii S, & Higuchi M. (2013). Organ size increases with weight gain in power-trained .... International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism, 23799654.
Q.
Why do some people gain weight before their menstrual period?
A.
Some people gain weight before their menstrual period due to changes in hormones that can lead to water retention and increased appetite.
References:
Kanellakis S, Skoufas E, Simitsopoulou E, Migdanis A, Migdanis I, Prelorentzou T, et al. (2023). Changes in body weight and body composition during the .... American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council, 37395124.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37395124/
Dye L, & Blundell JE. (1997). Menstrual cycle and appetite control: implications for .... Human reproduction (Oxford, England), 9221991.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9221991/
Haghighizadeh MH, Karandish M, Ghoreishi M, Soroor F, & Shirani F. (2014). Body weight changes during the menstrual cycle among .... Pakistan journal of biological sciences : PJBS, 26035941.
Q.
Why might my face appear to gain weight while my body does not?
A.
Your face might look like it's gaining weight even if your body isn't because facial shape can change with fat distribution and skin elasticity. Hormones could also play a role in how fat is stored in your face.
References:
Windhager S, Patocka K, & Schaefer K. (2013). Body fat and facial shape are correlated in female .... American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council, 24105760.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24105760/
van Seumeren I. (2000). Weight gain and hormone replacement therapy. Maturitas, 10759058.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10759058/
Ezure T, Hosoi J, Amano S, & Tsuchiya T. (2009). Sagging of the cheek is related to skin elasticity, fat mass .... Skin research and technology : official journal of International Society for Bioengineering and the Skin (ISBS) [and] International Society for Digital Imaging of Skin (ISDIS) [and] International Society for Skin Imaging (ISSI), 19624426.
Q.
Are excess calories always converted to fat in the body?
A.
Not all extra calories turn into fat. The body can use some calories for energy or store them in different ways.
References:
Horton TJ, Drougas H, Brachey A, Reed GW, Peters JC, & Hill JO. (1995). Fat and carbohydrate overfeeding in humans. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 7598063.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7598063/
Arner P. (2018). Fat Tissue Growth and Development in Humans. Nestle Nutrition Institute workshop series, 29991030.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29991030/
Speakman JR. (2018). Obesity and thermoregulation. Handbook of clinical neurology, 30454605.
Q.
How does balancing intake and outtake calories affect weight loss?
A.
Balancing the calories you eat and use helps with weight loss. Eating less than you burn helps you lose weight.
References:
Howell S, & Kones R. (2017). "Calories in, calories out" and macronutrient intake. American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism, 28765272.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28765272/
Molé PA. (1990). Impact of energy intake and exercise on resting metabolic .... Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 2204100.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2204100/
Trichopoulou A, Gnardellis C, Lagiou A, Benetou V, & Trichopoulos D. (2000). Body mass index in relation to energy intake and .... Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.), 10784253.
Q.
How does body weight change when energy intake exceeds energy output?
A.
When you eat more calories than you use, your body weight usually goes up because the extra energy is stored as fat.
References:
Rosenbaum M, Kissileff HR, Mayer LE, Hirsch J, & Leibel RL. (2010). Energy intake in weight-reduced humans. Brain research, 20595050.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20595050/
Irsigler K, Veitl V, Sigmund A, Tschegg E, & Kunz K. (1979). energy output in normal and overweight subjects. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 491969.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/491969/
Waxman M, & Stunkard AJ. (1980). Caloric intake and expenditure of obese boys. The Journal of pediatrics, 7351577.
Q.
How does calorie intake versus output affect weight management?
A.
To manage weight, it's important to balance the calories you eat with the calories you use. Eating more calories than you use can lead to weight gain.
References:
Howell S, & Kones R. (2017). "Calories in, calories out" and macronutrient intake. American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism, 28765272.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28765272/
Lichtman SW, Pisarska K, Berman ER, Pestone M, Dowling H, Offenbacher E, et al. (1992). Discrepancy between self-reported and actual caloric .... The New England journal of medicine, 1454084.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1454084/
McClave SA, Lowen CC, Kleber MJ, Nicholson JF, Jimmerson SC, McConnell JW, & Jung LY. (1998). Are patients fed appropriately according to their caloric .... JPEN. Journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition, 9829611.
Q.
Is calorie intake the sole factor in determining weight gain or loss?
A.
Calorie intake is important for weight gain or loss, but it's not the only factor. Other aspects like metabolism and diet quality also play a role.
References:
Strasser B, Spreitzer A, & Haber P. (2007). Fat loss depends on energy deficit only, independently of .... Annals of nutrition & metabolism, 18025815.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18025815/
Kim JY. (2021). Optimal Diet Strategies for Weight Loss and .... Journal of obesity & metabolic syndrome, 33107442.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33107442/
Ravussin E, & Gautier JF. (2002). [Determinants and control of energy expenditure]. Annales d'endocrinologie, 11994669.
Q.
Is it common for the body to get wider as you age, and why?
A.
Yes, it is common for the body to get wider as you age. This happens due to changes in fat distribution and body shape over time.
References:
Babuccu O, Gözil R, Ozmen S, Bahçelioglu M, Latifoglu O, & Celebi MC. (2002). Gluteal region morphology: the effect of the weight gain .... Aesthetic plastic surgery, 12016499.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12016499/
Stevens J, Katz EG, & Huxley RR. (2010). Associations between gender, age and waist circumference. European journal of clinical nutrition, 19738633.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19738633/
Holcombe SA, Wang SC, & Grotberg JB. (2017). The effect of age and demographics on rib shape. Journal of anatomy, 28612467.
Q.
Is it possible to physically feel your body growing or expanding?
A.
Feeling your body grow or expand is not typically something people notice, but certain treatments like hormone therapy can lead to changes that might be felt over time.
References:
Morales AJ, Haubrich RH, Hwang JY, Asakura H, & Yen SS. (1998). The effect of six months treatment with a 100 mg daily dose .... Clinical endocrinology, 9876338.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9876338/
Rogerson S, Weatherby RP, Deakin GB, Meir RA, Coutts RA, Zhou S, & Marshall-Gradisnik SM. (2007). The effect of short-term use of testosterone enanthate on .... Journal of strength and conditioning research, 17530941.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17530941/
Lasaite L, Bunevicius R, Lasiene D, & Lasas L. (2004). Psychological functioning after growth hormone therapy in .... Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania), 15299990.
Q.
Is protein intake more crucial than calorie count for weight management?
A.
Both protein intake and calorie count are important for weight management. Protein can help with feeling full and maintaining muscle, but overall calories still matter.
References:
Longland TM, Oikawa SY, Mitchell CJ, Devries MC, & Phillips SM. (2016). Higher compared with lower dietary protein during an .... The American journal of clinical nutrition, 26817506.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26817506/
Leidy HJ, Clifton PM, Astrup A, Wycherley TP, Westerterp-Plantenga MS, Luscombe-Marsh ND, et al. (2015). The role of protein in weight loss and maintenance. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 25926512.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25926512/
Moon J, & Koh G. (2020). Clinical Evidence and Mechanisms of High-Protein Diet .... Journal of obesity & metabolic syndrome, 32699189.
Q.
Is there a quiz that can help me determine if I've gained belly fat?
A.
There isn't a specific quiz to determine belly fat, but measuring waist size can help. Belly fat can affect muscles and body shape, especially in women.
References:
Kim TN, Park MS, Ryu JY, Choi HY, Hong HC, Yoo HJ, et al. (2014). Impact of Visceral Fat on Skeletal Muscle Mass and Vice .... PLoS ONE, 4269440.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4269440/
Sheean PM, Hoskins K, & Stolley M. (2012). Body composition changes in females treated for breast .... Breast cancer research and treatment, 3444142.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3444142/
Kirkegaard H, Nohr EA, Rasmussen KM, Stovring H, Sørensen TI, Lewis CE, & Gunderson EP. (2015). Maternal prepregnancy waist circumference and BMI in .... The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 4515858.
Q.
Is there a way to gain belly fat quickly, such as overnight?
A.
Gaining belly fat overnight is unlikely, but eating late dinners may affect metabolism and weight gain over time.
References:
Gu C, Brereton N, Schweitzer A, Cotter M, Duan D, Børsheim E, et al. (2020). Metabolic Effects of Late Dinner in Healthy Volunteers-A .... The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 32525525.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32525525/
Kim JY. (2021). Optimal Diet Strategies for Weight Loss and .... Journal of obesity & metabolic syndrome, 33107442.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33107442/
Jocken JW, Goossens GH, van Hees AM, Frayn KN, van Baak M, Stegen J, et al. (2008). Effect of beta-adrenergic stimulation on whole-body and .... Diabetologia, 18060661.
Q.
What are the 5 types of belly fat and how do they differ?
A.
Belly fat can be divided into different types, mainly subcutaneous and visceral fat, which differ in their location and health effects.
References:
Merlotti C, Ceriani V, Morabito A, & Pontiroli AE. (2017). Subcutaneous fat loss is greater than visceral .... International journal of obesity (2005), 28148928.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28148928/
Tchernof A, & Després JP. (2013). Pathophysiology of human visceral obesity: an update. Physiological reviews, 23303913.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23303913/
Chen Y, Zhang T, Qin B, Zhang R, Liu M, Guo R, et al. (2025). Comprehensive assessment of distinct abdominal fat .... Abdominal radiology (New York), 39305293.
Q.
What are the effects of consuming too many calories in one sitting?
A.
Eating too many calories at once can lead to weight gain and may affect how your body uses energy.
References:
Horton TJ, Drougas H, Brachey A, Reed GW, Peters JC, & Hill JO. (1995). Fat and carbohydrate overfeeding in humans. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 7598063.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7598063/
Hall KD, Ayuketah A, Brychta R, Cai H, Cassimatis T, Chen KY, et al. (2019). Ultra-Processed Diets Cause Excess Calorie Intake and .... Cell metabolism, 31105044.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31105044/
Molé PA. (1990). Impact of energy intake and exercise on resting metabolic .... Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 2204100.
Q.
What are the reasons for women gaining belly fat during menopause?
A.
During menopause, women often gain belly fat due to hormonal changes and slower metabolism. Lifestyle factors like diet and activity level also play a role.
References:
Kapoor E, Collazo-Clavell ML, & Faubion SS. (2017). Weight Gain in Women at Midlife: A Concise Review .... Mayo Clinic proceedings, 28982486.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28982486/
Toth MJ, Tchernof A, Sites CK, & Poehlman ET. (2000). Menopause-related changes in body fat distribution. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 10865795.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10865795/
Porada D, Gołacki J, & Matyjaszek-Matuszek B. (2023). Obesity in perimenopause - current treatment options .... Endokrynologia Polska, 37994584.
Q.
What can I do to boost hormones that increase fat burning?
A.
To boost hormones that help burn fat, regular exercise and a high-protein diet can be effective strategies.
References:
Belza A, Frandsen E, & Kondrup J. (2007). Body fat loss achieved by stimulation of thermogenesis .... International journal of obesity (2005), 16652130.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16652130/
Bajer B, Vlcek M, Galusova A, Imrich R, & Penesova A. (2015). Exercise associated hormonal signals as powerful .... Endocrine regulations, 26238498.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26238498/
Moon J, & Koh G. (2020). Clinical Evidence and Mechanisms of High-Protein Diet .... Journal of obesity & metabolic syndrome, 32699189.
Q.
What causes the formation of a 'B belly' in some individuals?
A.
A 'B belly' is often related to Prune Belly Syndrome, which is a rare condition that affects the belly muscles, urinary system, and sometimes other parts of the body.
References:
Iqbal NS, Jascur TA, Harrison SM, Edwards AB, Smith LT, Choi ES, et al. (2020). Prune belly syndrome in surviving males can be caused by .... BMC medical genetics, 32085749.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32085749/
Diao B, Diallo Y, Fall PA, Ngom G, Fall B, Ndoye AK, et al. (2008). [Prune Belly syndrome: epidemiologic, clinic and .... Progres en urologie : journal de l'Association francaise d'urologie et de la Societe francaise d'urologie, 18602609.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18602609/
Giuliani S, Vendryes C, Malhotra A, Shaul DB, & Anselmo DM. (2010). Prune belly syndrome associated with cloacal anomaly, .... Journal of pediatric surgery, 21034928.
Q.
What could be causing weight gain specifically in my upper stomach?
A.
Weight gain in the upper stomach can be influenced by stress and genetics, affecting how fat is distributed in the body.
References:
Moyer AE, Rodin J, Grilo CM, Cummings N, Larson LM, & Rebuffé-Scrive M. (1994). Stress-induced cortisol response and fat distribution in .... Obesity research, 16353426.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16353426/
Carey DG, Nguyen TV, Campbell LV, Chisholm DJ, & Kelly P. (1996). Genetic influences on central abdominal fat: a twin study. International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity, 8856394.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8856394/
Nauli AM, & Matin S. (2019). Why Do Men Accumulate Abdominal Visceral Fat?. Frontiers in physiology, 31866877.
Q.
What could be the reasons for my body not getting bigger despite efforts?
A.
Your body might not be getting bigger due to factors like not exercising enough, not eating enough, or your body's natural limits.
References:
Schoenfeld BJ. (2010). The mechanisms of muscle hypertrophy and their .... Journal of strength and conditioning research, 20847704.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20847704/
Borer KT. (1995). The effects of exercise on growth. Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 8614759.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8614759/
Schoenfeld BJ, Ogborn D, & Krieger JW. (2016). Effects of Resistance Training Frequency on Measures .... Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 27102172.
Q.
What could be the reasons for my upper body getting bigger?
A.
Your upper body might be getting bigger due to exercise, like weightlifting, or changes in hormones, such as increased testosterone levels.
References:
Schoenfeld BJ. (2010). The mechanisms of muscle hypertrophy and their .... Journal of strength and conditioning research, 20847704.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20847704/
Bartolomei S, Hoffman JR, Stout JR, & Merni F. (2018). Effect of Lower-Body Resistance Training on Upper .... Journal of strength and conditioning research, 29257792.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29257792/
Bhasin S, Storer TW, Berman N, Callegari C, Clevenger B, Phillips J, et al. (1996). The effects of supraphysiologic doses of testosterone on .... The New England journal of medicine, 8637535.
Q.
What could cause sudden gains in belly fat?
A.
Sudden belly fat gain can be caused by hormone changes, especially in women going through menopause, and lifestyle factors like drug use.
References:
van Seumeren I. (2000). Weight gain and hormone replacement therapy. Maturitas, 10759058.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10759058/
Kapoor E, Collazo-Clavell ML, & Faubion SS. (2017). Weight Gain in Women at Midlife: A Concise Review .... Mayo Clinic proceedings, 28982486.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28982486/
Billing L, & Ersche KD. (2015). Cocaine's appetite for fat and the consequences on body .... The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse, 25321424.
Q.
What factors contribute to having a bigger body size?
A.
Having a bigger body size can be influenced by how fat tissue grows, how easily one gains weight, and psychological or behavioral factors.
References:
Arner P. (2018). Fat Tissue Growth and Development in Humans. Nestle Nutrition Institute workshop series, 29991030.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29991030/
Forbes GB. (1990). Do obese individuals gain weight more easily than .... The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2197850.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2197850/
Nelson TL, Palmer RF, Pedersen NL, & Miles TP. (1999). Psychological and behavioral predictors of body fat .... Obesity research, 10102257.
Q.
What factors might be contributing to my gaining belly fat?
A.
Gaining belly fat can be due to stress, eating too many processed foods, and how fat is stored in the body, especially for men.
References:
Nauli AM, & Matin S. (2019). Why Do Men Accumulate Abdominal Visceral Fat?. Frontiers in physiology, 31866877.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31866877/
Moyer AE, Rodin J, Grilo CM, Cummings N, Larson LM, & Rebuffé-Scrive M. (1994). Stress-induced cortisol response and fat distribution in .... Obesity research, 16353426.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16353426/
Konieczna J, Morey M, Abete I, Bes-Rastrollo M, Ruiz-Canela M, Vioque J, et al. (2021). Contribution of ultra-processed foods in visceral fat .... Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland), 33610419.
Q.
What happens to the body when calorie intake is very low?
A.
When you eat very few calories, your body starts to use stored fat and muscle for energy, which can change your metabolism and body composition.
References:
Donnelly JE, Jakicic J, & Gunderson S. (1991). Diet and body composition. Effect of very low calorie .... Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 1784876.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1784876/
Hoffer LJ, Bistrian BR, Young VR, Blackburn GL, & Matthews DE. (1984). Metabolic effects of very low calorie weight reduction diets. The Journal of clinical investigation, 6707202.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6707202/
Davies HJ, Baird IM, Fowler J, Mills IH, Baillie JE, Rattan S, & Howard AN. (1989). Metabolic response to low- and very-low-calorie diets. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2718912.
Q.
What happens when calorie intake is greater than calorie output?
A.
When you eat more calories than you use, your body stores the extra energy as fat, which can lead to weight gain.
References:
Rosenbaum M, Kissileff HR, Mayer LE, Hirsch J, & Leibel RL. (2010). Energy intake in weight-reduced humans. Brain research, 20595050.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20595050/
Irsigler K, Veitl V, Sigmund A, Tschegg E, & Kunz K. (1979). energy output in normal and overweight subjects. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 491969.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/491969/
Taylor MA, & Garrow JS. (2001). Compared with nibbling, neither gorging nor a morning fast .... International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity, 11319656.
Q.
What health conditions are linked to an excessive accumulation of body fat?
A.
Excessive body fat can lead to health issues like diabetes and other metabolic diseases.
References:
Yang M, Liu S, & Zhang C. (2022). The Related Metabolic Diseases and Treatments of Obesity. Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 36141228.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36141228/
Klein S, Gastaldelli A, Yki-Järvinen H, & Scherer PE. (2022). Why does obesity cause diabetes?. Cell metabolism, 34986330.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34986330/
Luo J, Wang Y, Mao J, Yuan Y, Luo P, Wang G, & Zhou S. (2025). Features, functions, and associated diseases of visceral .... Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 40075054.
Q.
What is the recommended daily calorie intake for an average person?
A.
The recommended daily calorie intake varies based on factors like age, gender, and activity level, but generally ranges from 1,600 to 2,400 calories for women and 2,000 to 3,000 calories for men.
References:
Lichtman SW, Pisarska K, Berman ER, Pestone M, Dowling H, Offenbacher E, et al. (1992). Discrepancy between self-reported and actual caloric .... The New England journal of medicine, 1454084.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1454084/
Economos CD, Bortz SS, & Nelson ME. (1993). Nutritional practices of elite athletes. .... Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 8303140.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8303140/
Manore MM. (2005). Exercise and the Institute of Medicine recommendations for .... Current sports medicine reports, 16004827.
Q.
Why might my body appear smaller without actual weight loss?
A.
Your body might look smaller without losing weight because of changes in muscle size or fat distribution.
References:
Arner P. (2018). Fat Tissue Growth and Development in Humans. Nestle Nutrition Institute workshop series, 29991030.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29991030/
Appell HJ. (1990). Muscular atrophy following immobilisation. A review. Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 2197699.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2197699/
Kraemer WJ, & Ratamess NA. (2005). Hormonal responses and adaptations to resistance .... Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 15831061.
Q.
Why might my body get bigger when I start exercising?
A.
Your body might get bigger when you start exercising because your muscles grow and get stronger, a process called hypertrophy.
References:
Attwaters M, & Hughes SM. (2022). Cellular and molecular pathways controlling muscle size in .... The FEBS journal, 33755332.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33755332/
Wackerhage H, Schoenfeld BJ, Hamilton DL, Lehti M, & Hulmi JJ. (2019). Stimuli and sensors that initiate skeletal muscle .... Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 30335577.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30335577/
Schoenfeld BJ. (2010). The mechanisms of muscle hypertrophy and their .... Journal of strength and conditioning research, 20847704.
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