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Discharge of pus from vagina
Burning where urine is passed from (urethra)
Urination pain with little urine
Pain at the beginning of urine
Itchy urethra
Pain when urinating
Lymph swollen
Not seeing your symptoms? No worries!
Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted disease caused by the N. gonorrhoeae bacteria.
Your doctor may ask these questions to check for this disease:
Gonorrhea is treated with antibiotics, typically a combination of a single injection at the clinic and oral medications taken at home. It's crucial to avoid sex during treatment and ensure to complete the full course as advised.
Reviewed By:
Scott Nass, MD, MPA, FAAFP, AAHIVS (Primary Care)
Dr. Nass received dual medical degrees from the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and Charles R. Drew University in Medicine and Science. He completed Family Medicine residency at Ventura County Medical Center with subsequent fellowships at Ventura, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, George Washington University, and University of California-Irvine. He holds faculty appointments at Keck School of Medicine of USC, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, and Western University of Health Sciences.
Yoshinori Abe, MD (Internal Medicine)
Dr. Abe graduated from The University of Tokyo School of Medicine in 2015. He completed his residency at the Tokyo Metropolitan Health and Longevity Medical Center. He co-founded Ubie, Inc. in May 2017, where he currently serves as CEO & product owner at Ubie. Since December 2019, he has been a member of the Special Committee for Activation of Research in Emergency AI of the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine. | | Dr. Abe has been elected in the 2020 Forbes 30 Under 30 Asia Healthcare & Science category.
Content updated on Mar 31, 2024
Following the Medical Content Editorial Policy
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Q.
Gonorrhea Symptoms? Why Your Body Is Reacting & Medically Approved Next Steps
A.
Gonorrhea is a common, treatable STI; symptoms can include burning with urination, white yellow or green discharge, pelvic or testicular pain, rectal discomfort, or a sore throat after sexual contact, but many people have no symptoms and untreated infection can cause PID, infertility, epididymitis, or rarely spread to the blood. There are several factors to consider; medically approved next steps are to get urine or swab testing, start provider-prescribed antibiotics, avoid sex for at least 7 days and ensure partners are tested and treated, and seek urgent care for severe pain or fever; see the complete guidance below for key details that may affect your next steps.
References:
* Unemo, M., Lahra, M. M., Cole, M., Gökçe, L. Z., Hogan, T., Jensen, J. S., ... & St Cyr, S. (2020). Gonorrhoea: a review of pathogenesis, epidemiology, treatment and vaccines. *Nature Reviews Urology*, *17*(12), 701-717.
* Dhandayuthapani, S., Krishnan, M., & Nithya, P. K. (2021). Clinical Manifestations and Treatment of Gonorrhea. *Journal of Clinical & Diagnostic Research*, *15*(6).
* Cole, M. J., St Cyr, S., & Unemo, M. (2021). Immune Response to Neisseria gonorrhoeae: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives. *Pathogens*, *10*(10), 1276.
* van der Pol, B., & Klausner, J. D. (2020). Update on the Laboratory Diagnosis and Treatment of Gonorrhea. *Infectious Disease Clinics*, *34*(2), 263-272.
* Whiley, D. M., & Lahra, M. M. (2021). Gonorrhoea: current treatment and emerging options. *Internal Medicine Journal*, *51*(3), 324-329.
Q.
Is it Gonorrhea? Why Your Body Reacts & Medically Approved Next Steps
A.
There are several factors to consider with possible gonorrhea. See below to understand symptoms versus silent infection, site specific testing, and medically approved next steps that can affect what you should do now. It is a common bacterial STI that can cause burning urination, abnormal genital, throat, or rectal discharge, pelvic pain, or no symptoms at all, so testing is the only way to know; prompt treatment with recommended antibiotics like ceftriaxone, partner treatment, and 7 days of no sex help prevent serious complications, and severe pelvic pain, fever, joint swelling, or a rash need urgent care.
References:
* Kloosterman TG, de Jonge MI, Hoogenboezem T. *Neisseria gonorrhoeae*: an update on pathogenesis, resistance, and vaccines. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2021 Jul;19(7):447-460. doi: 10.1038/s41579-021-00523-y. Epub 2021 Mar 22. PMID: 33753860.
* Goldenberg RL, Alvord EC Jr, et al. Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, and Management of Gonorrhea. Med Clin North Am. 2021 Jan;105(1):119-131. doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2020.09.006. Epub 2020 Oct 21. PMID: 33213568.
* Workowski KA, Bachmann LH, Chan PA, Johnston CM, Muzny PB, Reno RD, Schmidt GP, Secura GM. Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines, 2021. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2021 Jul 23;70(4):1-187. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.rr7004a1. PMID: 34292702; PMCID: PMC8344968.
* Unemo M, Lahra MM, Cole MJ. *Gonorrhea*: a Global Threat with No Easy Solutions. Microbiol Spectr. 2021 Dec 22;9(4):e0050821. doi: 10.1128/Spectrum.00508-21. Epub 2021 Nov 16. PMID: 34780517; PMCID: PMC8694002.
* Taha Y, Wessels G, Unemo M, Van der Walt M. Diagnosis and Treatment of Gonorrhea. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2023 Sep;37(3):575-585. doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2023.03.003. Epub 2023 Jun 20. PMID: 37344199.
Q.
Internal Fire? Why It’s Gonorrhea & Medically Approved Next Steps
A.
Burning when you pee, unusual discharge, or pelvic or rectal discomfort can signal gonorrhea, a common but treatable STI confirmed by urine or swab tests and cured with a single ceftriaxone injection, plus partner treatment and no sex for 7 days. There are several factors to consider, including silent infections, site specific symptoms, complications like PID and infertility, and the need for retesting at 3 months; see below for the complete details and step by step next actions.
References:
* pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34161109/
* pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37375253/
* pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37172049/
* pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33220790/
* pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33719003/
Q.
What are the initial symptoms of gonorrhea infection for men and women?
A.
For men, symptoms may include discharge from the penis, burning with urination, and testicular pain. For women, symptoms may include vaginal discharge or bleeding as well as burning with urination. However, many men and women will have no symptoms with gonorrhea, which is why routine testing or testing after potential exposure is critical.
References:
Springer C, Salen P. Gonorrhea. [Updated 2023 Apr 17]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan-.
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Link to full study:
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.08.29.24312810v1Skerlev M, Čulav-Košćak I. Gonorrhea: new challenges. Clin Dermatol. 2014 Mar-Apr;32(2):275-81. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2013.08.010. PMID: 24559563.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0738081X13001600?via%3DihubUnemo M, Golparian D, Eyre DW. Antimicrobial Resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Treatment of Gonorrhea. Methods Mol Biol. 2019;1997:37-58. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9496-0_3. PMID: 31119616.
https://link.springer.com/protocol/10.1007/978-1-4939-9496-0_3Vicentini CB, Manfredini S, Maritati M, Di Nuzzo M, Contini C. Gonorrhea, a current disease with ancient roots: from the remedies of the past to future perspectives. Infez Med. 2019 Jun 1;27(2):212-221. PMID: 31205048.
https://www.infezmed.it/index.php/article?Anno=2019&numero=2&ArticoloDaVisualizzare=Vol_27_2_2019_212Judson FN. Gonorrhea. Med Clin North Am. 1990 Nov;74(6):1353-66. doi: 10.1016/s0025-7125(16)30485-0. PMID: 2123279.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0025712516304850?via%3Dihub