Reviewed By:
Jason Chandrapal, MD (Urology)
Dr Chandrapal received his MD degree from Texas Tech Health Science Center School of Medicine. After graduation he did a research fellowship with the University of Utah Division of Urology, followed by 4 years of urology residency at Duke University. In 2020 he began a 2 year tenure as an Interprofessional Advanced Clinical Simulation Fellow at the Durham VA in Durham, NC where he created and implemented clinical simulations with an emphasis on emotional intelligence. Additionally he has experience with medical writing and consultation for Buoy Health.
Nao Saito, MD (Urology)
After graduating from Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Dr. Saito worked at Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital, Toda Chuo General Hospital, Tokyo Women's Medical University Yachiyo Medical Center, and Ako Chuo Hospital before becoming Deputy Director (current position) at Takasaki Tower Clinic Department of Ophthalmology and Urology in April 2020.
Content updated on Apr 4, 2024
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"Balls" are swelling and the color looks different
My scrotum is getting bigger
The scrotum is swollen
Testicles are swollen
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About the Symptom
Enlargement of the scrotum, the sac below the penis, or the testicles, the two organs within the scrotum. Pain due to swelling in this area can range from just feeling uncomfortable to unbearable. There are many causes for scrotal and testicular swelling such as an infection or enlarging fluid filled sac within the scrotum known as a hydrocele. The most serious cause of swelling is testicular torsion, when the testicle twists and stops the blood supply to itself. This is associated with extreme testicular pain, swelling, as well as nausea and vomiting. If you experience these symptoms, you should seek immediate medical attention as delaying treatment may risk in losing the testicle.
When to see a doctor
Seek professional care if you experience any of the following symptoms
Swollen scrotum or testicles
Possible Causes
Generally, Swollen testicles can be related to:
A testicular tumor is a lump or swelling on either testicle. The tumor may be benign, which doesn't spread to other parts of the body, or malignant, commonly known as cancerous, which means it can spread to other parts of the body. Testicular cancer is usually first noted as a firm lump in the testicle. New testicular lumps always need immediate evaluation by a doctor. Pain or discomfort in the affected testicle or lower abdomen might also be present. The primary risk factor is having an undescended testicle or a family history of testicular cancer.
A swelling of the scrotum caused by fluid collecting in the space around a testicle. It is common in newborns, older boys and men. It is often caused by inflammation, infection, injury or (much less commonly) cancer.
A varicocele is a condition where the veins in your scrotum become enlarged. The exact cause is unknown, but experts believe that it may be due to defective valves in the veins within your scrotum. The valves regulate the flow of blood to and from the testicles. It may also occur from compression of a vein by nearby structures. Varicoceles may lead to decreased sperm production and quality as well as dull achy pain after standing for long periods.
Related serious diseases
Sometimes, Swollen testicles may be related to these serious diseases:
Epididymitis is the swelling and inflammation of the epididymis, a tube at the back of the testicle that carries sperm. Epididymitis is most commonly caused by bacterial infections, including sexually-transmitted infections like chlamydia and gonorrhea.
Doctor's Diagnostic Questions
Your doctor may ask these questions to check for this symptom:
Are your testicles or scrotum swollen?
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Find Similar Symptoms
Reviewed By:
Jason Chandrapal, MD (Urology)
Dr Chandrapal received his MD degree from Texas Tech Health Science Center School of Medicine. After graduation he did a research fellowship with the University of Utah Division of Urology, followed by 4 years of urology residency at Duke University. In 2020 he began a 2 year tenure as an Interprofessional Advanced Clinical Simulation Fellow at the Durham VA in Durham, NC where he created and implemented clinical simulations with an emphasis on emotional intelligence. Additionally he has experience with medical writing and consultation for Buoy Health.
Nao Saito, MD (Urology)
After graduating from Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Dr. Saito worked at Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital, Toda Chuo General Hospital, Tokyo Women's Medical University Yachiyo Medical Center, and Ako Chuo Hospital before becoming Deputy Director (current position) at Takasaki Tower Clinic Department of Ophthalmology and Urology in April 2020.
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