Raynaud's Phenomenon
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Try one of these related symptoms.
Cold fingers/toes
Raynaud's
Discoloration of the fingers
Hand color changes in cold places
Hand turns pale in cold places
Raynaud syndrome
White finger
Raynaud's phenomenon
About the Symptom
Raynaud's phenomenon describes when your extremities feel cold, numb and change colors often in response to a sudden temperature shift like grabbing a cold glass of water. It commonly affects the fingers and toes. It is due to a sudden decrease in blood flow to those parts of the body. It may occur in isolation and it may also occur as a symptom of systemic disease.
When to See a Doctor
Seek professional care if you experience any of the following symptoms
- Palpitation
- Palpitations (irregular)
- Numbness / sensory disorder
- Alternating diarrhea and constipation
- Difficulty breathing / breathlessness
- Fainting with loss of consciousness
- Recent weight loss
- Peripheral cyanosis
- Gross hematuria
- Dysphagia
Possible Causes
Generally, Raynaud's phenomenon can be related to:
- Mixed Connective Tissue Disease
Mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) is a rare autoimmune disorder where the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own tissues. Risk factors include family history of connective tissue disease and exposure to certain viruses or chemicals. It's most common in women in their 20s and 30s, but children may also be affected.
- Scleroderma
Scleroderma is a connective tissue disorder that causes the skin to thicken and harden, though it may also affect other organs. It is categorized as localized or widespread (systemic scleroderma). It is a disorder where the immune system mistakenly attacks its own body.
- Vasculitis (including Cryoglobulinemia)
A condition where the body's immune system attacks blood vessels throughout the body, causing inflammation. The vasculitis can impede blood flow and cause tissue or organ damage. There are many different types of vasculitis, each with its own triggers including infection, medications, and cancers.
- Sjogren Syndrome
- Eosinophilic Fasciitis
- Polymyositis / Dermatomyositis
- Fibromyalgia
- Arteriosclerosis Obliterans
- Diabetic Neuropathy
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
Doctor's Diagnostic Questions
Your doctor may ask these questions to check for this symptom:
- Do your fingers turn white, blue, then red when exposed to cold?
- When did you first notice that your fingers turn white, blue, then red when exposed to cold?
- How often do your fingers turn white, blue, then red when exposed to cold?
- How is your fingers turning white, blue, then red when exposed to cold now?
Reviewed By:
Kenji Taylor, MD, MSc (Family Medicine, Primary Care)
Dr. Taylor is a Japanese-African American physician who grew up and was educated in the United States but spent a considerable amount of time in Japan as a college student, working professional and now father of three. After graduating from Brown, he worked in finance first before attending medical school at Penn. He then completed a fellowship with the Centers for Disease Control before going on to specialize in Family and Community Medicine at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) where he was also a chief resident. After a faculty position at Stanford, he moved with his family to Japan where he continues to see families on a military base outside of Tokyo, teach Japanese residents and serve remotely as a medical director for Roots Community Health Center. He also enjoys editing and writing podcast summaries for Hippo Education.
Kaito Nakamura, MD (Rheumatology)
Dr. Nakamura is a rheumatologist who has practiced in the Ota Nishinouchi Hospital attached to Ota General Hospital, National Health Insurance Matsudo City Hospital, Chiba University Hospital, and the National Health Insurance Asahi Central Hospital.
Content updated on Feb 6, 2025
Following the Medical Content Editorial Policy
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Link to full study:
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.08.29.24312810v1References
Devgire V, Hughes M. Raynaud's phenomenon. Br J Hosp Med (Lond). 2019 Nov 2;80(11):658-664. doi: 10.12968/hmed.2019.80.11.658. PMID: 31707892.
https://www.magonlinelibrary.com/doi/abs/10.12968/hmed.2019.80.11.658Pauling JD, Hughes M, Pope JE. Raynaud's phenomenon-an update on diagnosis, classification and management. Clin Rheumatol. 2019 Dec;38(12):3317-3330. doi: 10.1007/s10067-019-04745-5. Epub 2019 Aug 16. PMID: 31420815.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10067-019-04745-5Herrick AL, Wigley FM. Raynaud's phenomenon. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2020 Feb;34(1):101474. doi: 10.1016/j.berh.2019.101474. Epub 2020 Jan 29. PMID: 32007400.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1521694219301706?via%3DihubHaque A, Hughes M. Raynaud's phenomenon. Clin Med (Lond). 2020 Nov;20(6):580-587. doi: 10.7861/clinmed.2020-0754. PMID: 33199324; PMCID: PMC7687329.
https://www.rcpjournals.org/content/clinmedicine/20/6/580Choi E, Henkin S. Raynaud's phenomenon and related vasospastic disorders. Vasc Med. 2021 Feb;26(1):56-70. doi: 10.1177/1358863X20983455. PMID: 33566754.
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1358863X20983455