Premenstrual Symptoms
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Try one of these related symptoms.
Premenstrual symptoms
Discomfort when my period comes
Emotional before the start of my period
Feel terrible before starting period
Feeling uncomfortable before my menses
PMS
Mood swings
Tender breasts
Change in libido
About the Symptom
Many women feel physical or mood changes before their menstrual period. When these symptoms recur with each menstrual cycle, they are called premenstrual symptoms.
When to See a Doctor
Seek professional care if you experience any of the following symptoms
- Swelling of the affected area
- Low back pain
- Eyelid edema
- Menstrual abnormality (duration or volume)
- Pelvic pain
- Lower abdominal pain
Possible Causes
Generally, Premenstrual symptoms can be related to:
- Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)
PMS refers to physical or mood changes that occur shortly before menstruation and typically resolve a few days after. PMS symptoms generally recur with each menstrual cycle and can negatively affect the women's normal life. PMS consists of both mental and physical symptoms, occurring 3-10 days before menstruation. Symptoms start to improve once menstruation begins. The cause of PMS is poorly understood, but is related to fluctuations in levels of female hormones. PMS can worsen underlying mood disorders such as anxiety and depression.
- Pregnancy
Pregnancy is the term used for the period when a fetus (baby) is developing inside the mother's uterus (womb). It typically lasts about 40 weeks (just over 9 months), measured from the last menstrual period to delivery. It occurs as a result of sexual intercourse, when the egg released by the female ovary is fertilized by a sperm. Pregnancy is medically divided into three parts (trimesters). The first sign of pregnancy is typically a missed period. Morning sickness (nausea/vomiting) may accompany it.
- Adjustment Disorder
A psychological disorder, often with low mood and anxiety. It is triggered by a sudden change in life circumstances, e.g. divorce or losing a job.
- Depression
- Graves' Disease
- Migraine
- Hypothyroidism
- Anemia
- Gastritis
- Endometriosis
Doctor's Diagnostic Questions
Your doctor may ask these questions to check for this symptom:
- Do you have premenstrual symptoms such as discomfort and irritability?
- How much does your discomfort before/during periods affect your daily life?
- How long have you been experiencing discomfort or unpleasant symptoms before or during your periods?
- How has your premenstrual discomfort evolved over time?
- Have you experienced discomfort or unpleasant symptoms before or during your periods?
Reviewed By:
Ravi P. Chokshi, MD (Obstetrics and Gynecology (OBGYN), Critical Care)
Current Maternal Fetal Medicine Fellow with Dual board certification in Obstetrics & Gynecology and Critical Care Medicine. | 5+ years experience managing a general Ob/Gyn practice and working in the Intensive Care Unit. | Previously Physician Lead of a large single specialty practice with 8 Physicians and 10+ Advanced practitioners. | Member of the Society of Maternal Fetal Medicine Patient education committee. | Frequent Medscape Consult contributor.
Seiji Kanazawa, MD, PHD (Obstetrics and Gynecology (OBGYN))
Dr. Kanazawa graduated from the Niigata University Faculty of Medicine and received his Ph.D. from the Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine. He is working on the front line of the General Perinatal Center, including the Tokyo Tama General Medical Center and the National Center for Research in Fertility Medicine, where he provides maternal and fetal care and undertakes clinical research. At Ubie, Dr. Kanazawa has been designing the Ubie AI Symptom Checker and has taken on the role of general obstetrics and gynecology consultation at FMC Tokyo Clinic by providing fetal ultrasound and prenatal consultation.
Content updated on Mar 17, 2025
Following the Medical Content Editorial Policy
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Link to full study:
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.08.29.24312810v1References
ACOG Patient FAQ
https://www.acog.org/womens-health/faqs/premenstrual-syndromeChung SH, Kim TH, Lee HH, Lee A, Jeon DS, Park J, Kim Y. Premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder in perimenopausal women. J Menopausal Med. 2014 Aug;20(2):69-74. doi: 10.6118/jmm.2014.20.2.69. Epub 2014 Aug 27. PMID: 25371896; PMCID: PMC4207004.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4207004/Management of Premenstrual Syndrome, Green-top Guideline No. 48
https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.14260Mental Health Disorders in Adolescents
https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/committee-opinion/articles/2017/07/mental-health-disorders-in-adolescents