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Twitching of the legs while sleeping
Itchy legs
Restless legs relieved by movement
Involuntary movements at night
Flexing of the legs while sleeping
Tingling, aching, and itching legs
Unpleasant sensations in the legs
Not seeing your symptoms? No worries!
What is Restless Leg Syndrome?
Restless legs syndrome (RLS), also known as Willis-Ekbom disease, is a condition that causes an uncontrollable urge to move the legs. RLS typically occurs while sitting or lying down. The exact cause is unknown but may be related to a chemical (dopamine) imbalance in the brain. RLS can begin at any age and generally is more common in older people. It can disrupt sleep, interfering with daily activities. Risk factors include low iron, abnormal kidney function, multiple sclerosis, and spinal cord problems.
Typical Symptoms of Restless Leg Syndrome
- Moving legs relieves the unpleasant feeling when legs are still
- Fatigue or low energy that is worse in the morning
- Stressed over daily life
- Leg discomfort that disrupts sleep
- Symptoms improve after period
- Tremors of hands and body
- Uncontrollable movements
- Knees often bend and straighten when sleeping
Diagnostic Questions for Restless Leg Syndrome
Your doctor may ask these questions to check for this disease:
- Does moving legs relieve the uncomfortable feeling of still legs?
- Do you experience fatigue or low energy that is worse in the morning?
- Do you feel stressed or unhappy about going to work or school?
- Do you experience leg discomfort that disrupts your sleep?
- Do your PMS symptoms improve once your period starts?
Treatment of Restless Leg Syndrome
Medications such as gabapentin or pramipexole can lessen symptoms. Lifestyle changes like avoiding caffeine, engaging in regular exercise, quitting tobacco, and pursuing self-care (massages, warm baths, breathing exercises, etc.) can also help.
Reviewed By:
Benjamin Kummer, MD (Neurology)
Dr Kummer is Assistant Professor of Neurology at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (ISMMS), with joint appointment in Digital and Technology Partners (DTP) at the Mount Sinai Health System (MSHS) as Director of Clinical Informatics in Neurology. As a triple-board certified practicing stroke neurologist and informaticist, he has successfully improved clinical operations at the point of care by acting as a central liaison between clinical neurology faculty and DTP teams to implement targeted EHR configuration changes and workflows, as well as providing subject matter expertise on health information technology projects across MSHS. | Dr Kummer also has several years’ experience building and implementing several informatics tools, presenting scientific posters, and generating a body of peer-reviewed work in “clinical neuro-informatics” – i.e., the intersection of clinical neurology, digital health, and informatics – much of which is centered on digital/tele-health, artificial intelligence, and machine learning. He has spearheaded the Clinical Neuro-Informatics Center in the Department of Neurology at ISMMS, a new research institute that seeks to establish the field of clinical neuro-informatics and disseminate knowledge to the neurological community on the effects and benefits of clinical informatics tools at the point of care.
Shohei Harase, MD (Neurology)
Dr. Harase spent his junior and senior high school years in Finland and the U.S. After graduating from the University of Washington (Bachelor of Science, Molecular and Cellular Biology), he worked for Apple Japan Inc. before entering the University of the Ryukyus School of Medicine. He completed his residency at Okinawa Prefectural Chubu Hospital, where he received the Best Resident Award in 2016 and 2017. In 2021, he joined the Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine at the National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, specializing in hyperacute stroke.
Content updated on May 13, 2024
Following the Medical Content Editorial Policy
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Symptoms Related to Restless Leg Syndrome
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FAQs
Q.
Can lifestyle factors contribute to the causes of restless leg syndrome?
A.
Yes, lifestyle factors can contribute to restless leg syndrome (RLS), but they are not the only cause. Other factors like genetics and health conditions may also play a role.
References:
Weinstock LB, Walters AS, & Paueksakon P. (2012). Restless legs syndrome--theoretical roles of inflammatory .... Sleep medicine reviews, 22258033.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22258033/
Gamaldo CE, Benbrook AR, Allen RP, Scott JA, Henning WA, & Earley CJ. (2007). Childhood and adult factors associated with restless legs .... Sleep medicine, 17512781.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17512781/
Trenkwalder C, Allen R, Högl B, Clemens S, Patton S, Schormair B, & Winkelmann J. (2018). Comorbidities, treatment, and pathophysiology in restless .... The Lancet. Neurology, 30244828.
Q.
How can one describe the sensations experienced with restless leg syndrome?
A.
Restless leg syndrome causes uncomfortable feelings in the legs, like tingling, burning, or itching, especially at night or when resting.
References:
Karroum EG, Golmard JL, Leu-Semenescu S, & Arnulf I. (2012). Sensations in restless legs syndrome. Sleep medicine, 22296915.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22296915/
Karroum EG, Golmard JL, Leu-Semenescu S, & Arnulf I. (2015). Painful restless legs syndrome: a severe, burning form .... The Clinical journal of pain, 25167326.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25167326/
Page RL 2nd, Ruscin JM, Bainbridge JL, & Brieke AA. (2008). Restless legs syndrome induced by escitalopram. Pharmacotherapy, 18225972.
Q.
How can the pain associated with restless leg syndrome be managed?
A.
Pain from restless leg syndrome can be managed with medications and lifestyle changes. It's important to talk to a doctor about the best treatment options.
References:
Karroum EG, Golmard JL, Leu-Semenescu S, & Arnulf I. (2015). Painful restless legs syndrome: a severe, burning form .... The Clinical journal of pain, 25167326.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25167326/
Winkelman JW, Gagnon A, & Clair AG. (2013). Sensory symptoms in restless legs syndrome: the enigma .... Sleep medicine, 23948222.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23948222/
Gossard TR, Trotti LM, Videnovic A, & St Louis EK. (2021). Restless Legs Syndrome: Contemporary Diagnosis and .... Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics, 33880737.
Q.
How common is restless leg syndrome among adults?
A.
Restless leg syndrome affects about 5-10% of adults, making it a fairly common condition.
References:
Manconi M, Garcia-Borreguero D, Schormair B, Videnovic A, Berger K, Ferri R, & Dauvilliers Y. (2021). Restless legs syndrome. Nature reviews. Disease primers, 34732752.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34732752/
Satija P, & Ondo WG. (2008). Restless legs syndrome: pathophysiology, diagnosis and .... CNS drugs, 18484792.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18484792/
Silber MH, Buchfuhrer MJ, Earley CJ, Koo BB, Manconi M, Winkelman JW, & Scientific and Medical Advisory Board of the Restless Legs Syndrome Foundation. (2021). The Management of Restless Legs Syndrome: An Updated .... Mayo Clinic proceedings, 34218864.
Q.
How does magnesium intake affect restless leg syndrome?
A.
Magnesium intake may help reduce symptoms of restless leg syndrome, but more research is needed to confirm its effectiveness.
References:
Marshall NS, Serinel Y, Killick R, Child JM, Raisin I, Berry CM, et al. (2019). Magnesium supplementation for the treatment of restless .... Sleep medicine reviews, 31678660.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31678660/
Hornyak M, Voderholzer U, Hohagen F, Berger M, & Riemann D. (1998). Magnesium therapy for periodic leg movements-related .... Sleep, 9703590.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9703590/
González-Parejo P, Martín-Núñez J, Cabrera-Martos I, & Valenza MC. (2024). Effects of Dietary Supplementation in Patients with .... Nutrients, 39064758.
Q.
How does restless leg syndrome affect pregnancy?
A.
Restless leg syndrome (RLS) is common during pregnancy and can affect sleep, but there are ways to manage it safely.
References:
Gupta R, Dhyani M, Kendzerska T, Pandi-Perumal SR, BaHammam AS, Srivanitchapoom P, et al. (2016). Restless legs syndrome and pregnancy: prevalence .... Acta neurologica Scandinavica, 26482928.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26482928/
Jahani Kondori M, Kolla BP, Moore KM, & Mansukhani MP. (2020). Management of Restless Legs Syndrome in Pregnancy .... Journal of primary care & community health, 32054396.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32054396/
Steinweg K, Nippita T, Cistulli PA, & Bin YS. (2020). Maternal and neonatal outcomes associated with restless .... Sleep medicine reviews, 32805557.
Q.
Is restless leg syndrome more prevalent during pregnancy?
A.
Restless leg syndrome is more common during pregnancy. Many pregnant women experience this condition, especially in the third trimester.
References:
Gupta R, Dhyani M, Kendzerska T, Pandi-Perumal SR, BaHammam AS, Srivanitchapoom P, et al. (2016). Restless legs syndrome and pregnancy: prevalence .... Acta neurologica Scandinavica, 26482928.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26482928/
Prosperetti C, & Manconi M. (2015). Restless Legs Syndrome/Willis-Ekbom Disease and .... Sleep medicine clinics, 26329442.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26329442/
Chen SJ, Shi L, Bao YP, Sun YK, Lin X, Que JY, et al. (2018). Prevalence of restless legs syndrome during pregnancy. Sleep medicine reviews, 29169861.
Q.
Is there a genetic component to restless leg syndrome?
A.
Yes, restless leg syndrome (RLS) has a genetic component, meaning it can run in families.
References:
Jiménez-Jiménez FJ, Alonso-Navarro H, García-Martín E, & Agúndez JAG. (2018). Genetics of restless legs syndrome: An update. Sleep medicine reviews, 29033051.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29033051/
Winkelmann J, Schormair B, Xiong L, Dion PA, Rye DB, & Rouleau GA. (2017). Genetics of restless legs syndrome. Sleep medicine, 28065402.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28065402/
Rye DB. (2015). The Molecular Genetics of Restless Legs Syndrome. Sleep medicine clinics, 26329432.
Q.
What are some effective ways to relieve restless leg syndrome symptoms?
A.
To help with restless leg syndrome, try regular exercise, leg massages, and warm baths. If symptoms persist, medications might be needed.
References:
Gossard TR, Trotti LM, Videnovic A, & St Louis EK. (2021). Restless Legs Syndrome: Contemporary Diagnosis and .... Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics, 33880737.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33880737/
Mackie S, & Winkelman JW. (2015). Long-Term Treatment of Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS). CNS drugs, 26045290.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26045290/
Harrison EG, Keating JL, & Morgan PE. (2019). Non-pharmacological interventions for restless legs .... Disability and rehabilitation, 29561180.
Q.
What are the causes of leg twitching when asleep?
A.
Leg twitching during sleep can be caused by conditions like restless legs syndrome and nocturnal myoclonus, which involve involuntary movements or sensations in the legs.
References:
Lugaresi E, Cirignotta F, Coccagna G, & Montagna P. (1986). Nocturnal myoclonus and restless legs syndrome. Advances in neurology, 3946114.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3946114/
Milligan SA, & Chesson AL. (2002). Restless legs syndrome in the older adult: diagnosis and .... Drugs & aging, 12390051.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12390051/
van der Veen S, Caviness JN, Dreissen YEM, Ganos C, Ibrahim A, Koelman JHTM, et al. (2022). Myoclonus and other jerky movement disorders. Clinical neurophysiology practice, 36324989.
Q.
What are the most effective treatments for restless leg syndrome?
A.
Restless leg syndrome can be treated with medications like dopamine agonists, gabapentin, and iron supplements. Lifestyle changes and good sleep habits also help manage symptoms.
References:
Winkelman JW, Berkowski JA, DelRosso LM, Koo BB, Scharf MT, Sharon D, et al. (2025). Treatment of restless legs syndrome and periodic limb .... Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 39324694.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39324694/
Silber MH, Buchfuhrer MJ, Earley CJ, Koo BB, Manconi M, Winkelman JW, & Scientific and Medical Advisory Board of the Restless Legs Syndrome Foundation. (2021). The Management of Restless Legs Syndrome: An Updated .... Mayo Clinic proceedings, 34218864.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34218864/
Zhou X, Du J, Liang Y, Dai C, Zhao L, Liu X, et al. (2021). Systemic Review and Network Meta-Analysis. Frontiers in neuroscience, 34764852.
Q.
What are the potential causes of restless leg syndrome?
A.
Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS) can be caused by genetic factors, low iron levels, kidney disease, peripheral nervous system disorders, or certain medications.
References:
Gossard TR, Trotti LM, Videnovic A, & St Louis EK. (2021). Restless Legs Syndrome: Contemporary Diagnosis and .... Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics, 33880737.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33880737/
Satija P, & Ondo WG. (2008). Restless legs syndrome: pathophysiology, diagnosis and .... CNS drugs, 18484792.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18484792/
Carrillo F, & Mir P. (2009). [Symptomatic causes of restless legs syndrome]. Neurologia (Barcelona, Spain), 20340060.
Q.
What are the reasons for involuntary leg movements at night?
A.
Involuntary leg movements at night are often due to Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS), a condition that causes an uncontrollable urge to move the legs due to uncomfortable sensations.
References:
Manconi M, Garcia-Borreguero D, Schormair B, Videnovic A, Berger K, Ferri R, & Dauvilliers Y. (2021). Restless legs syndrome. Nature reviews. Disease primers, 34732752.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34732752/
Stiasny K, Wetter TC, Trenkwalder C, & Oertel WH. (2000). Restless legs syndrome and its treatment by dopamine .... Parkinsonism & related disorders, 11008192.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11008192/
Walters AS. (1995). Toward a better definition of the restless legs syndrome. .... Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society, 8552117.
Q.
What can cause an uncomfortable sensation in the legs?
A.
An uncomfortable sensation in the legs can be caused by Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS), which makes you feel like you need to move your legs, especially at night.
References:
Ekbom K, & Ulfberg J. (2009). Restless legs syndrome. Journal of internal medicine, 19817966.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19817966/
Bayard M, Avonda T, & Wadzinski J. (2008). Restless legs syndrome. American family physician, 18697508.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18697508/
Sethi KD, & Mehta SH. (2012). A clinical primer on restless legs syndrome: what we know, .... The American journal of managed care, 23009275.
Q.
What can cause involuntary leg movements while sleeping?
A.
Involuntary leg movements while sleeping can be caused by conditions like Restless Legs Syndrome or affected by alcohol use.
References:
Manconi M, Garcia-Borreguero D, Schormair B, Videnovic A, Berger K, Ferri R, & Dauvilliers Y. (2021). Restless legs syndrome. Nature reviews. Disease primers, 34732752.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34732752/
Happe S, & Trenkwalder C. (2003). Movement disorders in sleep: Parkinson's disease and .... Biomedizinische Technik. Biomedical engineering, 12701336.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12701336/
Aldrich MS, & Shipley JE. (1993). Alcohol use and periodic limb movements of sleep. Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research, 8452202.
Q.
What can cause involuntary movements during sleep?
A.
Involuntary movements during sleep can be caused by periodic limb movements, which often happen in REM sleep.
References:
Barone DA. (2025). Periodic limb movements in REM sleep. Sleep medicine, 40188805.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40188805/
Cavalcante-Silva V, Morelhão PK, de Pires GN, Tempaku PF, D'Almeida V, Tufik S, & Andersen ML. (2025). Prevalence and incidence of periodic limb movements .... Journal of sleep research, 39947233.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39947233/
Merlino G, & Gigli GL. (2012). Sleep-related movement disorders. Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 22203333.
Q.
What causes a pulling sensation in the legs at night?
A.
A pulling sensation in the legs at night can be caused by various issues, including leg cramps, nerve problems like sciatica, or joint disorders.
References:
Sontag SJ, & Wanner JN. (1988). The cause of leg cramps and knee pains: an hypothesis .... Medical hypotheses, 3343944.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3343944/
Grice GR, & Mertens MK. (2008). Gabapentin as a potential option for treatment of sciatica. Pharmacotherapy, 18294119.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18294119/
Murakami E, Aizawa T, Kurosawa D, & Noguchi K. (2017). Leg symptoms associated with sacroiliac joint disorder and .... Clinical neurology and neurosurgery, 28410481.
Q.
What causes involuntary foot movement at night?
A.
Involuntary foot movements at night can be caused by conditions like restless legs syndrome and periodic leg movements during sleep.
References:
Malkiewicz MA, Grzywinska M, Malinowski KS, Partinen E, Partinen M, Pyrzowski J, & Wszedybyl-Winklewska M. (2025). Time-Dependent Autonomic Dysregulation and Co .... Journal of clinical medicine, 40142746.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40142746/
Yokota T, Hirose K, Tanabe H, & Tsukagoshi H. (1991). Sleep-related periodic leg movements (nocturnal .... Journal of the neurological sciences, 1919596.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1919596/
Stiasny K, Oertel WH, & Trenkwalder C. (2002). Clinical symptomatology and treatment of restless legs .... Sleep medicine reviews, 12531131.
Q.
What causes legs to twitch when going to sleep?
A.
Legs may twitch when going to sleep due to conditions like restless legs syndrome or periodic limb movements during sleep.
References:
Bliwise D, Petta D, Seidel W, & Dement W. (1985). Periodic leg movements during sleep in the elderly. Archives of gerontology and geriatrics, 4074025.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4074025/
O'Regan D, & Anderson KN. (2020). Restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movements .... British journal of hospital medicine (London, England : 2005), 32003620.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32003620/
Aldrich MS, & Shipley JE. (1993). Alcohol use and periodic limb movements of sleep. Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research, 8452202.
Q.
What causes my leg to twitch when I try to sleep?
A.
Leg twitching at night can be caused by medications, rhythmic movements when falling asleep, or alcohol use affecting sleep patterns.
References:
Page RL 2nd, Ruscin JM, Bainbridge JL, & Brieke AA. (2008). Restless legs syndrome induced by escitalopram. Pharmacotherapy, 18225972.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18225972/
Wichniak A, Tracik F, Geisler P, Ebersbach G, Morrissey SP, & Zulley J. (2001). Rhythmic feet movements while falling asleep. Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society, 11748754.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11748754/
Aldrich MS, & Shipley JE. (1993). Alcohol use and periodic limb movements of sleep. Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research, 8452202.
Q.
What could be causing night time leg twitching?
A.
Nighttime leg twitching could be due to restless legs syndrome or nocturnal myoclonus, which are conditions that cause uncomfortable sensations and movements in the legs.
References:
Lugaresi E, Cirignotta F, Coccagna G, & Montagna P. (1986). Nocturnal myoclonus and restless legs syndrome. Advances in neurology, 3946114.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3946114/
Rana AQ, Khan F, Mosabbir A, & Ondo W. (2014). Differentiating nocturnal leg cramps and restless legs .... Expert review of neurotherapeutics, 24931546.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24931546/
Milligan SA, & Chesson AL. (2002). Restless legs syndrome in the older adult: diagnosis and .... Drugs & aging, 12390051.
Q.
What factors contribute to twitching of legs during sleep?
A.
Twitching of legs during sleep can be caused by restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movements, which are often related to neurological factors and can be more common in older adults.
References:
O'Regan D, & Anderson KN. (2020). Restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movements .... British journal of hospital medicine (London, England : 2005), 32003620.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32003620/
Milligan SA, & Chesson AL. (2002). Restless legs syndrome in the older adult: diagnosis and .... Drugs & aging, 12390051.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12390051/
Lugaresi E, Cirignotta F, Coccagna G, & Montagna P. (1986). Nocturnal myoclonus and restless legs syndrome. Advances in neurology, 3946114.
Q.
What home remedies are effective for managing restless leg syndrome?
A.
Some home remedies for restless leg syndrome include regular exercise, good sleep habits, and possibly using warm baths or massages.
References:
Bega D, & Malkani R. (2016). Alternative treatment of restless legs syndrome. Sleep medicine, 26847981.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26847981/
Winkelman JW, Berkowski JA, DelRosso LM, Koo BB, Scharf MT, Sharon D, et al. (2025). Treatment of restless legs syndrome and periodic limb .... Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 39324694.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39324694/
Cederberg KLJ, Sikes EM, & Mignot E. (2024). Stakeholder involvement in the optimization of a patient .... Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 38059333.
Q.
What is the ideal magnesium dosage for restless leg syndrome?
A.
Magnesium may help with restless leg syndrome, but the ideal dosage isn't clearly defined in the provided studies.
References:
Marshall NS, Serinel Y, Killick R, Child JM, Raisin I, Berry CM, et al. (2019). Magnesium supplementation for the treatment of restless .... Sleep medicine reviews, 31678660.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31678660/
Hornyak M, Voderholzer U, Hohagen F, Berger M, & Riemann D. (1998). Magnesium therapy for periodic leg movements-related .... Sleep, 9703590.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9703590/
González-Parejo P, Martín-Núñez J, Cabrera-Martos I, & Valenza MC. (2024). Effects of Dietary Supplementation in Patients with .... Nutrients, 39064758.
Q.
What long-term solutions exist to fix restless leg syndrome?
A.
Long-term solutions for restless leg syndrome include medications like gabapentin, dopamine agonists, such as pramipexole, and other treatment options that can help manage symptoms over time.
References:
Rios Romenets S, & Postuma RB. (2013). Treatment of restless legs syndrome. Current treatment options in neurology, 23703310.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23703310/
Lipford MC, & Silber MH. (2012). Long-term use of pramipexole in the management .... Sleep medicine, 23036265.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23036265/
Silver N, Allen RP, Senerth J, & Earley CJ. (2011). A 10-year, longitudinal assessment of dopamine agonists .... Sleep medicine, 21239226.
Q.
What medications are commonly prescribed for restless leg syndrome?
A.
Common medications for restless leg syndrome include dopamine agonists, gabapentin, and opioids. These help relieve symptoms by affecting brain signals and reducing discomfort.
References:
Comella CL. (2014). Treatment of restless legs syndrome. Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics, 24363103.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24363103/
Rios Romenets S, & Postuma RB. (2013). Treatment of restless legs syndrome. Current treatment options in neurology, 23703310.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23703310/
Trenkwalder C, Winkelmann J, Inoue Y, & Paulus W. (2015). Restless legs syndrome-current therapies and .... Nature reviews. Neurology, 26215616.
Q.
What methods can help manage restless leg syndrome during pregnancy?
A.
Restless leg syndrome during pregnancy can be managed with lifestyle changes, iron supplements, and sometimes medications. It's important to talk to a doctor about the best approach.
References:
Jahani Kondori M, Kolla BP, Moore KM, & Mansukhani MP. (2020). Management of Restless Legs Syndrome in Pregnancy .... Journal of primary care & community health, 32054396.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32054396/
Garbazza C, & Manconi M. (2018). Management Strategies for Restless Legs Syndrome/Willis .... Sleep medicine clinics, 30098751.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30098751/
Picchietti DL, Hensley JG, Bainbridge JL, Lee KA, Manconi M, McGregor JA, et al. (2015). Consensus clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis .... Sleep medicine reviews, 25553600.
Q.
What methods can relieve restless legs quickly?
A.
To quickly relieve restless legs, consider simple methods like stretching or walking. For more persistent cases, medical treatments such as iron supplements might be helpful.
References:
Avecillas JF, Golish JA, Giannini C, & Yataco JC. (2005). Restless legs syndrome: keys to recognition and treatment. Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine, 16193825.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16193825/
Earley CJ, Heckler D, & Allen RP. (2004). The treatment of restless legs syndrome with intravenous .... Sleep medicine, 15165528.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15165528/
Earley CJ, Heckler D, & Allen RP. (2005). Repeated IV doses of iron provides effective supplemental .... Sleep medicine, 15978514.
Q.
What might be the cause of strange sensations in the legs?
A.
Strange sensations in the legs can be caused by conditions like restless legs syndrome which may be due to various issues like iron deficiency anemia.
References:
Cuellar NG, & Dorn JM. (2015). Peripheral diabetic neuropathy or restless legs syndrome .... Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners, 26465658.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26465658/
Mohiuddin O, Khan AA, Shah SMI, Malick MDZ, Memon SF, Jalees S, & Yasmin F. (2021). New-onset restless leg syndrome in a COVID-19 patient. The Pan African medical journal, 34285741.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34285741/
Telarović S, & Čondić L. (2019). Frequency of iron deficiency anemia in pregnant and non- .... Hematology (Amsterdam, Netherlands), 31793405.
Q.
What might cause flexing of feet while sleeping?
A.
Flexing of feet while sleeping can be caused by rhythmic movements or conditions like restless legs syndrome. These movements may happen as you fall asleep or during the night.
References:
Wichniak A, Tracik F, Geisler P, Ebersbach G, Morrissey SP, & Zulley J. (2001). Rhythmic feet movements while falling asleep. Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society, 11748754.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11748754/
Lugaresi E, Cirignotta F, Coccagna G, & Montagna P. (1986). Nocturnal myoclonus and restless legs syndrome. Advances in neurology, 3946114.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3946114/
Smith RC. (1985). Relationship of periodic movements in sleep (nocturnal .... Sleep, 3876585.
Q.
What might cause twitching legs while asleep?
A.
Twitching legs during sleep can be caused by periodic leg movements or restless legs syndrome, which may be triggered by factors like medication or age.
References:
Bliwise D, Petta D, Seidel W, & Dement W. (1985). Periodic leg movements during sleep in the elderly. Archives of gerontology and geriatrics, 4074025.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4074025/
Lugaresi E, Cirignotta F, Coccagna G, & Montagna P. (1986). Nocturnal myoclonus and restless legs syndrome. Advances in neurology, 3946114.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3946114/
Page RL 2nd, Ruscin JM, Bainbridge JL, & Brieke AA. (2008). Restless legs syndrome induced by escitalopram. Pharmacotherapy, 18225972.
Q.
What might cause twitching of arms and legs while sleeping?
A.
Twitching of arms and legs while sleeping can be caused by periodic limb movements, which are common in older adults, or by restless legs syndrome.
References:
Bliwise D, Petta D, Seidel W, & Dement W. (1985). Periodic leg movements during sleep in the elderly. Archives of gerontology and geriatrics, 4074025.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4074025/
Page RL 2nd, Ruscin JM, Bainbridge JL, & Brieke AA. (2008). Restless legs syndrome induced by escitalopram. Pharmacotherapy, 18225972.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18225972/
Aldrich MS, & Shipley JE. (1993). Alcohol use and periodic limb movements of sleep. Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research, 8452202.
Q.
What strategies can relieve restless legs during the night?
A.
To relieve restless legs at night, try stretching, applying heat or cold, and consider lifestyle changes like reducing caffeine. If these don't help, consult a doctor for further options.
References:
Rios Romenets S, & Postuma RB. (2013). Treatment of restless legs syndrome. Current treatment options in neurology, 23703310.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23703310/
Gossard TR, Trotti LM, Videnovic A, & St Louis EK. (2021). Restless Legs Syndrome: Contemporary Diagnosis and .... Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics, 33880737.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33880737/
Comella CL. (2014). Treatment of restless legs syndrome. Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics, 24363103.
Q.
What treatments are safe for restless leg syndrome during pregnancy?
A.
For pregnant women with restless leg syndrome (RLS), non-drug treatments are preferred, like stretching and massage. If medication is needed, iron supplements might be considered, but always consult a healthcare provider.
References:
Jahani Kondori M, Kolla BP, Moore KM, & Mansukhani MP. (2020). Management of Restless Legs Syndrome in Pregnancy .... Journal of primary care & community health, 32054396.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32054396/
Djokanovic N, Garcia-Bournissen F, & Koren G. (2008). Medications for restless legs syndrome in pregnancy. Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada : JOGC = Journal d'obstetrique et gynecologie du Canada : JOGC, 18611302.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18611302/
Picchietti DL, Hensley JG, Bainbridge JL, Lee KA, Manconi M, McGregor JA, et al. (2015). Consensus clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis .... Sleep medicine reviews, 25553600.
Q.
What triggers can cause a flare-up of restless leg syndrome symptoms?
A.
Restless leg syndrome can be triggered by inflammation, anxiety, and caffeine consumption.
References:
Weinstock LB, Walters AS, & Paueksakon P. (2012). Restless legs syndrome--theoretical roles of inflammatory .... Sleep medicine reviews, 22258033.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22258033/
Lutz EG. (1978). Restless legs, anxiety and caffeinism. The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 690085.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/690085/
Aras G, Kadakal F, Purisa S, Kanmaz D, Aynaci A, & Isik E. (2011). Are we aware of restless legs syndrome in COPD patients .... COPD, 22149404.
Q.
Why do uncomfortable sensations occur in the leg during inactivity?
A.
Uncomfortable sensations in the legs during inactivity might be due to Restless Legs Syndrome, a condition that causes an urge to move the legs, especially when resting or lying down.
References:
Karroum E, Konofal E, & Arnulf I. (2008). [Restless-legs syndrome]. Revue neurologique, 18656214.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18656214/
Inoue Y. (2009). [Diagnosis and symptom rating scale of restless legs .... Brain and nerve = Shinkei kenkyu no shinpo, 19514513.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19514513/
Vergne-Salle P, Coyral D, Dufauret K, Bonnet C, Bertin P, & Trèves R. (2006). Is Restless Legs Syndrome Underrecognized? Current .... Joint bone spine, 16213771.
Q.
Why does my leg keep twitching at night?
A.
Your leg twitching at night might be caused by conditions like Restless Legs Syndrome, which can be influenced by medications or alcohol use.
References:
Page RL 2nd, Ruscin JM, Bainbridge JL, & Brieke AA. (2008). Restless legs syndrome induced by escitalopram. Pharmacotherapy, 18225972.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18225972/
Aldrich MS, & Shipley JE. (1993). Alcohol use and periodic limb movements of sleep. Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research, 8452202.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8452202/
Saini A, Berruti A, Ferini-Strambi L, Castronovo V, Rametti E, Giuliano PL, et al. (2013). Restless legs syndrome as a cause of sleep disturbances .... Journal of pain and symptom management, 23116590.
Q.
Why is restless leg syndrome common during pregnancy?
A.
Restless leg syndrome (RLS) is common during pregnancy due to changes in the body, such as hormonal shifts and iron levels.
References:
Gupta R, Dhyani M, Kendzerska T, Pandi-Perumal SR, BaHammam AS, Srivanitchapoom P, et al. (2016). Restless legs syndrome and pregnancy: prevalence .... Acta neurologica Scandinavica, 26482928.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26482928/
Srivanitchapoom P, Pandey S, & Hallett M. (2014). Restless legs syndrome and pregnancy: a review. Parkinsonism & related disorders, 24768121.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24768121/
Manconi M, Govoni V, De Vito A, Economou NT, Cesnik E, Mollica G, & Granieri E. (2004). Pregnancy as a risk factor for restless legs syndrome. Sleep medicine, 15165540.
Q.
Why might restless leg syndrome symptoms occur during the day?
A.
Restless leg syndrome (RLS) symptoms can occur during the day due to various factors such as inactivity and the natural progression of the condition.
References:
Takahashi M, Ikeda J, Tomida T, Hirata K, Hattori N, & Inoue Y. (2015). Daytime symptoms of restless legs syndrome. Sleep medicine, 26002761.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26002761/
Tzonova D, Larrosa O, Calvo E, Granizo JJ, Williams AM, de la Llave Y, & García-Borreguero D. (2012). Breakthrough symptoms during the daytime in patients with .... Sleep medicine, 22281003.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22281003/
Wijemanne S, & Ondo W. (2017). Restless Legs Syndrome: clinical features, diagnosis and a .... Practical neurology, 29097554.
Q.
Why might someone flex their legs while sleeping?
A.
Flexing legs while sleeping might be due to conditions like restless legs syndrome or periodic limb movements, which can cause discomfort or an urge to move the legs.
References:
Lugaresi E, Cirignotta F, Coccagna G, & Montagna P. (1986). Nocturnal myoclonus and restless legs syndrome. Advances in neurology, 3946114.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3946114/
Smith RC. (1985). Relationship of periodic movements in sleep (nocturnal .... Sleep, 3876585.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3876585/
Page RL 2nd, Ruscin JM, Bainbridge JL, & Brieke AA. (2008). Restless legs syndrome induced by escitalopram. Pharmacotherapy, 18225972.
Q.
Why might ankle pain worsen at night while resting?
A.
Ankle pain worsening at night could be related to conditions like Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS), which often causes discomfort in the legs during rest.
References:
Horiguchi J, Mizuno S, Shinno H, & Inami Y. (2009). [Restless legs syndrome]. Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine, 19768951.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19768951/
Lamberti N, López-Soto PJ, Rodríguez-Borrego MA, Straudi S, Basaglia N, Zamboni P, et al. (2019). Restless Leg Syndrome in Peripheral Artery Disease. Journal of clinical medicine, 31500156.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31500156/
Rana AQ, Khan F, Mosabbir A, & Ondo W. (2014). Differentiating nocturnal leg cramps and restless legs .... Expert review of neurotherapeutics, 24931546.
Q.
How can I stop the tingling in my feet at night?
A.
To stop the tingling in your feet at night, it is important to identify the underlying cause, which may include conditions like restless legs syndrome, peripheral neuropathy, or poor circulation. Implementing lifestyle changes, practicing good sleep hygiene, and seeking medical advice can help manage and alleviate the symptoms.
References:
Kwatra V, Khan MA, Quadri SA, Cook TS. Differential Diagnosis and Treatment of Restless Legs Syndrome: A Literature Review. Cureus. 2018 Sep 13;10(9):e3297. doi: 10.7759/cureus.3297. PMID: 30443467; PMCID: PMC6235628.
Brindani F, Vitetta F, Gemignani F. Restless legs syndrome: differential diagnosis and management with pramipexole. Clin Interv Aging. 2009;4:305-13. doi: 10.2147/cia.s4143. Epub 2009 Jun 29. PMID: 19750232; PMCID: PMC2739631.
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Yeh P, Walters AS, Tsuang JW. Restless legs syndrome: a comprehensive overview on its epidemiology, risk factors, and treatment. Sleep Breath. 2012 Dec;16(4):987-1007. doi: 10.1007/s11325-011-0606-x. Epub 2011 Oct 26. PMID: 22038683.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11325-011-0606-xOndo W, Jankovic J. Restless legs syndrome: clinicoetiologic correlates. Neurology. 1996 Dec;47(6):1435-41. doi: 10.1212/wnl.47.6.1435. PMID: 8960723.
https://n.neurology.org/content/47/6/1435Aul EA, Davis BJ, Rodnitzky RL. The importance of formal serum iron studies in the assessment of restless legs syndrome. Neurology. 1998 Sep;51(3):912. doi: 10.1212/wnl.51.3.912. PMID: 9748060.
https://n.neurology.org/content/51/3/912.1Safarpour Y, Vaziri ND, Jabbari B. Restless Legs Syndrome in Chronic Kidney Disease- a Systematic Review. Tremor Other Hyperkinet Mov (N Y). 2023 Mar 29;13:10. doi: 10.5334/tohm.752. PMID: 37008995; PMCID: PMC10064886.
https://tremorjournal.org/articles/10.5334/tohm.752Zali A, Motavaf M, Safari S, Ebrahimi N, Ghajarzadeh M, Khoshnood RJ, Mirmosayyeb O. The prevalence of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS): a systematic review and meta-analysis-an update. Neurol Sci. 2023 Jan;44(1):67-82. doi: 10.1007/s10072-022-06364-6. Epub 2022 Sep 5. PMID: 36058956.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10072-022-06364-6de Mello MT, Lauro FA, Silva AC, Tufik S. Incidence of periodic leg movements and of the restless legs syndrome during sleep following acute physical activity in spinal cord injury subjects. Spinal Cord. 1996 May;34(5):294-6. doi: 10.1038/sc.1996.53. PMID: 8963978.
https://www.nature.com/articles/sc199653