Multiple Myeloma (MM) Quiz
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Low back pain
I have back pain
Feeling faint
Anemia on the latest blood test
Pain in the spine
Lightheadedness when I am standing
Off-balance like floating
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What is Multiple Myeloma (MM)?
This is a cancer of a type of white blood cell in the blood, called a plasma cell. Cancerous cells multiply and "crowd out" other healthy, normal cells. Risk factors include positive family history, older age, and male sex. Symptoms include fatigue, bone pain, weight loss, and inability to fight infections.
Typical Symptoms of Multiple Myeloma (MM)
- Previously diagnosed with a bone fracture
- Low red blood cell count on blood test
- Whole body pain
- Diagnosed with Amyloidosis in the past
- Back pain worse with exercise
- Lower back pain triggered by lifting objects or bending forward
- Feeling faint
- Decreased motivation
Diagnostic Questions for Multiple Myeloma (MM)
Your doctor may ask these questions to check for this disease:
- Have you ever had a broken fracture?
- Do you have a low red blood cell count on your blood test?
- Do you have pain all over your body?
- Have you been diagnosed with Amyloidosis?
- Does your back pain worsen after exercising?
Treatment of Multiple Myeloma (MM)
The early stages of multiple myeloma may only need monitoring and not active treatment. Treatment depends on the extent of the disease and other factors. Treatment options include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or stem cell transplant.
Reviewed By:
Saqib Baig, MD, MS (Pulmonology, Critical Care, Internal Medicine)
Dr. Baig graduated from Army Medical College (NUST) Pakistan in 2007. He did his internal medicine training from Baltimore, Maryland, USA during the years 2009-2013. He joined the internal medicine faculty practice at Medical College of Wisconsin in USA for 2 years before pursuing advanced training. He completed his pulmonary disease and critical care medicine fellowship from Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School from 2015-2018. | | During his fellowship, Dr. Baig completed his master's in health care services management through Rutgers Business School. He currently serves as the medical director of respiratory therapy and pulmonary function lab and the clinical director of the COPD program at the Jane and Leonard Korman Respiratory Institute at Thomas Jefferson University. He holds the Assistant Professor of Medicine rank at Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University. Dr. Baig's interests lie in respiratory physiology, airways disease, and data science.
Yoshinori Abe, MD (Internal Medicine)
Dr. Abe graduated from The University of Tokyo School of Medicine in 2015. He completed his residency at the Tokyo Metropolitan Health and Longevity Medical Center. He co-founded Ubie, Inc. in May 2017, where he currently serves as CEO & product owner at Ubie. Since December 2019, he has been a member of the Special Committee for Activation of Research in Emergency AI of the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine. | | Dr. Abe has been elected in the 2020 Forbes 30 Under 30 Asia Healthcare & Science category.
Content updated on Feb 13, 2025
Following the Medical Content Editorial Policy
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People with similar symptoms also use Ubie's symptom checker to find possible causes
- Low red blood cell count on blood test
- My whole body aches and I feel weak
- Last blood test showed anemia
- Body aches and chills
- Low hemoglobin on recent blood test
- Joint pain and stiffness all over body
- Whole body aches no fever
- My whole body hurts
- Whole body pain
See full list
Symptoms Related to Multiple Myeloma (MM)
Diseases Related to Multiple Myeloma (MM)
FAQs
Q.
Can multiple myeloma cause a feeling of being off-balance?
A.
Multiple myeloma itself is not directly linked to balance problems, but other conditions affecting balance can occur in people with the disease.
References:
Mitchell MB, & Bhattacharyya N. (2023). Balance Disorder Trends in US Adults 2008-2016. OTO open, 37287493.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37287493/
Eibling D. (2018). Balance Disorders in Older Adults. Clinics in geriatric medicine, 29661330.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29661330/
Young AS, Rosengren SM, & Welgampola MS. (2018). Disorders of the inner-ear balance organs and their pathways. Handbook of clinical neurology, 30482329.
Q.
Could multiple myeloma be causing me to feel lightheaded when I stand up?
A.
Feeling lightheaded when standing up might not be directly linked to multiple myeloma based on the provided references.
References:
Mathew RJ, Wilson WH, Humphreys D, Lowe JV, & Wiethe KE. (1992). Middle cerebral artery velocity during upright posture after .... Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica, 1529742.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1529742/
Newton JL. (2010). Systemic symptoms in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Digestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland), 20460914.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20460914/
Hermansen A, Peolsson A, Hedlund R, & Kammerlind AS. (2020). Balance problems and dizziness after neck surgery. Physiotherapy theory and practice, 30686102.
Q.
Could multiple myeloma be the reason for increased back pain during my period?
A.
Increased back pain during your period is often linked to menstrual disorders and not typically to multiple myeloma.
References:
Melzack R, & Bélanger E. (1989). correlations with menstrual pain and acute low-back pain .... Pain, 2521931.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2521931/
Smith DR, Mihashi M, Adachi Y, Shouyama Y, Mouri F, Ishibashi N, & Ishitake T. (2009). Menstrual disorders and their influence on low back pain .... Industrial health, 19531916.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19531916/
Avant RF. (1988). Dysmenorrhea. Primary care, 3054962.
Q.
Could my back pain be a symptom of multiple myeloma?
A.
Back pain can be caused by many things, and while it can be a symptom of multiple myeloma, it is more commonly due to other reasons. If you have concerns, it's important to talk to a healthcare provider.
References:
Hartvigsen J, Hancock MJ, Kongsted A, Louw Q, Ferreira ML, Genevay S, et al. (2018). What low back pain is and why we need to pay attention. Lancet (London, England), 29573870.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29573870/
Maharty DC, Hines SC, & Brown RB. (2024). Chronic Low Back Pain in Adults: Evaluation and .... American family physician, 38574213.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38574213/
Bartleson JD. (2001). Low Back Pain. Current treatment options in neurology, 11180753.
Q.
Could my lower back pain be an indication of multiple myeloma?
A.
Lower back pain can have many causes, and while it is not common, it can be a symptom of multiple myeloma. It's important to see a doctor for proper diagnosis and treatment.
References:
Bartleson JD. (2001). Low Back Pain. Current treatment options in neurology, 11180753.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11180753/
Maharty DC, Hines SC, & Brown RB. (2024). Chronic Low Back Pain in Adults: Evaluation and .... American family physician, 38574213.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38574213/
Borenstein DG. (1996). Chronic low back pain. Rheumatic diseases clinics of North America, 8844907.
Q.
Could pain in the back of my thigh be related to multiple myeloma?
A.
Pain in the back of the thigh can have many causes, but the provided references do not directly link it to multiple myeloma.
References:
Gialanella B, Prometti P, & Ferlucci C. (2013). Low back pain radiating to the leg: an atypical cause. La Clinica terapeutica, 24217828.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24217828/
Caravaca F, Gonzales B, Bayo MÁ, & Luna E. (2016). Musculoskeletal pain in patients with chronic kidney disease. Nefrologia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola Nefrologia, 27267921.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27267921/
Santoro D, Satta E, Messina S, Costantino G, Savica V, & Bellinghieri G. (2013). Pain in end-stage renal disease: a frequent and neglected .... Clinical nephrology, 23249527.
Q.
How can multiple myeloma cause lightheadedness upon standing?
A.
Multiple myeloma can cause lightheadedness when standing due to problems with blood pressure control, which may be related to nerve issues.
References:
Biaggioni I. (2014). New developments in the management of neurogenic .... Current cardiology reports, 25303896.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25303896/
Gibson JS, Hunter CB, & Hewitt LA. (2020). A Call to Action: The Role of Healthcare Providers in .... Neurology and therapy, 32720118.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32720118/
Claassen DO, Adler CH, Hewitt LA, & Gibbons C. (2018). Characterization of the symptoms of neurogenic orthostatic .... BMC neurology, 30144800.
Q.
How can multiple myeloma cause one to feel sick along with back pain?
A.
Multiple myeloma can cause back pain and feelings of sickness by affecting the bones and causing fatigue and depression, as seen in studies about back pain and mental health.
References:
Snekkevik H, Eriksen HR, Tangen T, Chalder T, & Reme SE. (2014). Fatigue and depression in sick-listed chronic low back pain .... Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.), 24716799.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24716799/
Dorner TE, Alexanderson K, Svedberg P, Ropponen A, Stein KV, & Mittendorfer-Rutz E. (2015). Sickness absence due to back pain or depressive episode .... European journal of pain (London, England), 25703233.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25703233/
Mather L, Kärkkäinen S, Narusyte J, Ropponen A, Mittendorfer-Rutz E, & Svedberg P. (2020). Sick leave due to back pain, common mental disorders and .... European journal of pain (London, England), 32673421.
Q.
How common is multiple myeloma in the general population?
A.
Multiple myeloma is a rare type of cancer that affects a small number of people in the general population.
References:
Dimopoulos MA, & Terpos E. (2010). Multiple myeloma. Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology, 20943607.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20943607/
Kazandjian D. (2016). Multiple myeloma epidemiology and survival: A unique .... Seminars in oncology, 28061985.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28061985/
Kim S, & Berenson JR. (2023). Predicting outcomes and monitoring disease in patients .... Clinical advances in hematology & oncology : H&O, 37647495.
Q.
How does anemia typically show up in bloodwork for patients with multiple myeloma?
A.
Anemia in multiple myeloma often shows up as low red blood cell counts with changes in red blood cell shape and size, which can be seen in blood tests.
References:
Ford J. (2013). Red blood cell morphology. International journal of laboratory hematology, 23480230.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23480230/
Higgins C. (1995). Deficiency testing for iron, vitamin B12 and folate. Nursing times, 7603852.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7603852/
Celkan TT. (2020). What does a hemogram say to us?. Turk pediatri arsivi, 32684755.
Q.
How does iron deficiency appear on a blood test for someone with multiple myeloma?
A.
Iron deficiency in someone with multiple myeloma may show as low hemoglobin and low iron levels on a blood test.
References:
Naghii MR, & Fouladi AI. (2006). Correct assessment of iron depletion and iron deficiency .... Nutrition and health, 16859176.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16859176/
Rivera AKB, Latorre AAE, Nakamura K, & Seino K. (2023). Using complete blood count parameters in the diagnosis of .... Journal of rural medicine : JRM, 37032983.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37032983/
Wallerstein RO Jr. (1987). Laboratory evaluation of anemia. The Western journal of medicine, 3577135.
Q.
How does multiple myeloma spread within the body?
A.
Multiple myeloma spreads in the body by moving through blood vessels to new areas, where it can grow due to certain signals and environments that help it thrive.
References:
Ribatti D, Moschetta M, & Vacca A. (2014). Microenvironment and multiple myeloma spread. Thrombosis research, 24862128.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24862128/
Vande Broek I, Vanderkerken K, Van Camp B, & Van Riet I. (2008). Extravasation and homing mechanisms in multiple myeloma. Clinical & experimental metastasis, 17952614.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17952614/
Van Riet I. (1999). Homing mechanisms of myeloma cells. Pathologie-biologie, 10192876.
Q.
How is multiple myeloma typically diagnosed?
A.
Multiple myeloma is usually diagnosed using blood tests, urine tests, and a bone marrow biopsy to check for abnormal cells.
References:
Michels TC, & Petersen KE. (2017). Multiple Myeloma: Diagnosis and Treatment. American family physician, 28318212.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28318212/
Nau KC, & Lewis WD. (2008). Multiple myeloma: diagnosis and treatment. American family physician, 18841734.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18841734/
Rajabto W, & Priantono D. (2022). How to Diagnose, Treat, and Monitor Treatment Response .... Acta medica Indonesiana, 36156469.
Q.
How is pain in the back typically managed for those with multiple myeloma?
A.
Managing back pain in multiple myeloma involves a combination of pain relief methods, including medications, physical therapy, and sometimes surgery.
References:
Farley T, Stokke J, Goyal K, & DeMicco R. (2024). Chronic Low Back Pain: History, Symptoms .... Life (Basel, Switzerland), 39063567.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39063567/
Maharty DC, Hines SC, & Brown RB. (2024). Chronic Low Back Pain in Adults: Evaluation and .... American family physician, 38574213.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38574213/
Borenstein DG. (1996). Chronic low back pain. Rheumatic diseases clinics of North America, 8844907.
Q.
How is sharp pain in the spine managed in patients with multiple myeloma?
A.
Sharp spine pain in multiple myeloma can be managed with medications and careful treatment strategies to reduce discomfort and improve function.
References:
Chien JJ, & Bajwa ZH. (2008). What is mechanical back pain and how best to treat it?. Current pain and headache reports, 18973732.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18973732/
Porter RW, & Ralston SH. (1994). Pharmacological management of back pain syndromes. Drugs, 7527324.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7527324/
Popescu A, & Lee H. (2020). Neck Pain and Lower Back Pain. The Medical clinics of North America, 32035569.
Q.
How is spinal pain typically treated in individuals with multiple myeloma?
A.
Spinal pain in multiple myeloma is usually treated with pain medications and sometimes physical therapy or other methods, depending on the cause of the pain.
References:
Knezevic NN, Candido KD, Vlaeyen JWS, Van Zundert J, & Cohen SP. (2021). Low back pain. Lancet (London, England), 34115979.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34115979/
Chien JJ, & Bajwa ZH. (2008). What is mechanical back pain and how best to treat it?. Current pain and headache reports, 18973732.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18973732/
Nicholas JJ, & Christy WC. (1986). Spinal pain made worse by recumbency. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 2945534.
Q.
How is vertebrogenic low back pain related to multiple myeloma?
A.
Vertebrogenic low back pain can be caused by issues in the spine and is sometimes seen in conditions like multiple myeloma where the spine is affected.
References:
Jinkins JR, Whittemore AR, & Bradley WG. (1989). The anatomic basis of vertebrogenic pain and .... AJR. American journal of roentgenology, 2718865.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2718865/
Abel F, Altorfer FCS, Rohatgi V, Gibbs W, & Chazen JL. (2024). Imaging of Discogenic and Vertebrogenic Pain. Radiologic clinics of North America, 38272616.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38272616/
Farley T, Stokke J, Goyal K, & DeMicco R. (2024). Chronic Low Back Pain: History, Symptoms .... Life (Basel, Switzerland), 39063567.
Q.
Is multiple myeloma classified as a type of cancer?
A.
Yes, multiple myeloma is a type of cancer that affects certain white blood cells in the bone marrow.
References:
Bianchi G, & Anderson KC. (2014). Multiple myeloma from bench to bedside, and back. CA: a cancer journal for clinicians, 25266555.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25266555/
Sun J, Park C, Guenthner N, Gurley S, Zhang L, Lubben B, et al. (2022). Tumor-associated macrophages in multiple myeloma. Journal for immunotherapy of cancer, 35428704.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35428704/
Hemminki K, Försti A, Houlston R, & Sud A. (2021). Epidemiology, genetics and treatment of multiple myeloma .... International journal of cancer, 34398972.
Q.
Is multiple myeloma considered a terminal illness?
A.
Multiple myeloma is a serious illness that can be life-threatening, but treatments have improved and can help manage the disease for some time.
References:
Heffner LT Jr, & Lonial S. (2003). Breakthroughs in the Management of Multiple Myeloma. Drugs, 12904084.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12904084/
Cook R. (2008). Introduction: multiple myeloma. Journal of managed care pharmacy : JMCP, 18774879.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18774879/
Abbasi S, Roller J, Abdallah AO, Shune L, McClune B, Sborov D, & Mohyuddin GR. (2021). Hospitalization at the end of life in patients with multiple .... BMC cancer, 33789626.
Q.
Is multiple myeloma the same as myeloma, or is there a difference?
A.
Multiple myeloma and myeloma refer to the same condition, which is a type of cancer that affects plasma cells in the bone marrow.
References:
Kumar SK, Rajkumar V, Kyle RA, van Duin M, Sonneveld P, Mateos MV, et al. (2017). Multiple myeloma. Nature reviews. Disease primers, 28726797.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28726797/
Kane SF. (2020). Bone Tumors: Multiple Myeloma. FP essentials, 32573185.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32573185/
Noll JE, Williams SA, Tong CM, Wang H, Quach JM, Purton LE, et al. (2014). Myeloma plasma cells alter the bone marrow .... Haematologica, 23935020.
Q.
Is pain in the back of my heel a possible symptom of multiple myeloma?
A.
Pain in the back of the heel is not typically linked to multiple myeloma. It is more commonly associated with local foot conditions.
References:
Tu P. (2018). Heel Pain: Diagnosis and Management. American family physician, 29365222.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29365222/
Aldridge T. (2004). Diagnosing heel pain in adults. American family physician, 15291091.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15291091/
Davidson MR, & Copoloff JA. (1990). Neuromas of the heel. Clinics in podiatric medicine and surgery, 2189538.
Q.
Should I consider multiple myeloma as a cause of my back pain?
A.
Back pain can have many causes, and while multiple myeloma is one possibility, it is not the most common reason. It's important to consider other factors and consult with a healthcare provider for proper evaluation.
References:
Hartvigsen J, Hancock MJ, Kongsted A, Louw Q, Ferreira ML, Genevay S, et al. (2018). What low back pain is and why we need to pay attention. Lancet (London, England), 29573870.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29573870/
Borenstein DG. (1996). Chronic low back pain. Rheumatic diseases clinics of North America, 8844907.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8844907/
Herndon CM, Zoberi KS, & Gardner BJ. (2015). Common questions about chronic low back pain. American family physician, 25978200.
Q.
What are the different types of back pain that can be associated with multiple myeloma?
A.
Back pain in multiple myeloma can be caused by bone damage, fractures, or pressure on nerves due to tumors.
References:
Knezevic NN, Candido KD, Vlaeyen JWS, Van Zundert J, & Cohen SP. (2021). Low back pain. Lancet (London, England), 34115979.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34115979/
Urits I, Burshtein A, Sharma M, Testa L, Gold PA, Orhurhu V, et al. (2019). Low Back Pain, a Comprehensive Review. Current pain and headache reports, 30854609.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30854609/
Chien JJ, & Bajwa ZH. (2008). What is mechanical back pain and how best to treat it?. Current pain and headache reports, 18973732.
Q.
What are the different types of multiple myeloma?
A.
Multiple myeloma can be classified into different types based on how the bone marrow looks under a microscope and the stage of the disease.
References:
Bartl R, Frisch B, Fateh-Moghadam A, Kettner G, Jaeger K, & Sommerfeld W. (1987). Histologic classification and staging of multiple myeloma. A .... American journal of clinical pathology, 3825999.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3825999/
Fujino M. (2018). The histopathology of myeloma in the bone marrow. Journal of clinical and experimental hematopathology : JCEH, 29998977.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29998977/
Bartl R, Frisch B, Burkhardt R, Fateh-Moghadam A, Mahl G, Gierster P, et al. (1982). Bone marrow histology in myeloma: its importance in .... British journal of haematology, 7104223.
Q.
What are the latest guidelines for the treatment of multiple myeloma?
A.
The latest guidelines for treating multiple myeloma emphasize personalized treatment plans, including new medications and strategies for both transplant-eligible and non-eligible patients.
References:
Kumar SK, Callander NS, Adekola K, Anderson LD, Baljevic M, Baz R, et al. (2025). NCCN Guidelines® Insights: Multiple Myeloma, Version .... Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN, 40340857.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40340857/
Khan S, Bergstrom DJ, Côté J, Kotb R, LeBlanc R, Louzada ML, et al. (2025). First Line Treatment of Newly Diagnosed Transplant .... Clinical lymphoma, myeloma & leukemia, 39567294.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39567294/
Dimopoulos MA, Moreau P, Terpos E, Mateos MV, Zweegman S, Cook G, et al. (2021). Multiple myeloma: EHA-ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines .... Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology, 33549387.
Q.
What are the primary causes of low back pain associated with multiple myeloma?
A.
Low back pain in multiple myeloma is often due to bone damage or fractures caused by the disease affecting the spine.
References:
Farley T, Stokke J, Goyal K, & DeMicco R. (2024). Chronic Low Back Pain: History, Symptoms .... Life (Basel, Switzerland), 39063567.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39063567/
Borenstein DG. (1996). Chronic low back pain. Rheumatic diseases clinics of North America, 8844907.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8844907/
Afshani E, & Kuhn JP. (1991). Common causes of low back pain in children. Radiographics : a review publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc, 1827529.
Q.
What can help alleviate back pain during pregnancy for those with multiple myeloma?
A.
To help with back pain during pregnancy, gentle exercises and proper posture can be beneficial. Always consult with a healthcare provider for personalized advice, especially when dealing with conditions like multiple myeloma.
References:
Gallo-Padilla D, Gallo-Padilla C, Gallo-Vallejo FJ, & Gallo-Vallejo JL. (2016). [Low back pain during pregnancy. Multidisciplinary approach]. Semergen, 26239672.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26239672/
Bishop A, Holden MA, Ogollah RO, Foster NE, & EASE Back Study Team. (2016). Current management of pregnancy-related low back pain. Physiotherapy, 26050136.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26050136/
Koukoulithras I Sr, Stamouli A, Kolokotsios S, Plexousakis M Sr, & Mavrogiannopoulou C. (2021). A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cureus, 33728108.
Q.
What could cause severe lightheadedness when standing in someone with multiple myeloma?
A.
Severe lightheadedness when standing in someone with multiple myeloma can be caused by a condition called orthostatic hypotension, where blood pressure drops significantly upon standing.
References:
Streeten DH, & Anderson GH Jr. (1992). Delayed orthostatic intolerance. Archives of internal medicine, 1580710.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1580710/
Biaggioni I. (2014). New developments in the management of neurogenic .... Current cardiology reports, 25303896.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25303896/
Gibson JS, Hunter CB, & Hewitt LA. (2020). A Call to Action: The Role of Healthcare Providers in .... Neurology and therapy, 32720118.
Q.
What do multiple myeloma test results typically indicate?
A.
Multiple myeloma test results help doctors find out if a person has this type of cancer by checking for unusual proteins and changes in blood and bones.
References:
Kitamura M, Yamaguchi H, Murakawa K, Murao T, & Iizuka Y. (1982). Screening for multiple myeloma using routine laboratory .... Clinical biochemistry, 7067072.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7067072/
Morrison T, Booth RA, Hauff K, Berardi P, & Visram A. (2019). Laboratory assessment of multiple myeloma. Advances in clinical chemistry, 30797467.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30797467/
Kehrer M, Koob S, Strauss A, Wirtz DC, & Schmolders J. (2017). [Multiple Myeloma - Current Status in Diagnostic Testing .... Zeitschrift fur Orthopadie und Unfallchirurgie, 28806822.
Q.
What do severe anemia blood test results mean for someone with multiple myeloma?
A.
Severe anemia in someone with multiple myeloma means their blood has very low levels of red blood cells, which can make them feel very tired and weak. This condition is common in chronic diseases like multiple myeloma and needs careful management.
References:
Cappellini MD, & Motta I. (2015). Anemia in Clinical Practice-Definition and Classification. Seminars in hematology, 26404438.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26404438/
Tobian AA, Ness PM, Noveck H, & Carson JL. (2009). Time course and etiology of death in patients with severe .... Transfusion, 19389032.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19389032/
Wiciński M, Liczner G, Cadelski K, Kołnierzak T, Nowaczewska M, & Malinowski B. (2020). Anemia of Chronic Diseases: Wider Diagnostics-Better .... Nutrients, 32560029.
Q.
What exercises are recommended to alleviate low back pain in multiple myeloma patients?
A.
For low back pain in multiple myeloma patients, gentle exercises like walking, stretching, and trunk-strengthening can help reduce pain and improve mobility.
References:
Hayden JA, Ellis J, Ogilvie R, Malmivaara A, & van Tulder MW. (2021). Exercise therapy for chronic low back pain. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 34580864.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34580864/
Fernández-Rodríguez R, Álvarez-Bueno C, Cavero-Redondo I, Torres-Costoso A, Pozuelo-Carrascosa DP, Reina-Gutiérrez S, et al. (2022). Best Exercise Options for Reducing Pain and Disability in .... The Journal of orthopaedic and sports physical therapy, 35722759.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35722759/
Slade SC, & Keating JL. (2006). Trunk-strengthening exercises for chronic low back pain. Journal of manipulative and physiological therapeutics, 16461178.
Q.
What is low iron called on a blood test for individuals with multiple myeloma?
A.
Low iron on a blood test is often called iron deficiency anemia, which can occur in individuals with multiple myeloma.
References:
Jäger L, Rachamin Y, Senn O, Burgstaller JM, Rosemann T, & Markun S. (2024). Ferritin Cutoffs and Diagnosis of Iron Deficiency in Primary .... JAMA network open, 39102268.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39102268/
Auerbach M, & Adamson JW. (2016). How we diagnose and treat iron deficiency anemia. American journal of hematology, 26408108.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26408108/
Gafter-Gvili A, Schechter A, & Rozen-Zvi B. (2019). Iron Deficiency Anemia in Chronic Kidney Disease. Acta haematologica, 30970355.
Q.
What is multiple myeloma blood cancer, and how does it affect the body?
A.
Multiple myeloma is a type of blood cancer that affects plasma cells in the bone marrow, leading to weakened bones, kidney problems, and low blood counts.
References:
Kumar SK, Rajkumar V, Kyle RA, van Duin M, Sonneveld P, Mateos MV, et al. (2017). Multiple myeloma. Nature reviews. Disease primers, 28726797.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28726797/
Laubach J, Richardson P, & Anderson K. (2011). Multiple myeloma. Annual review of medicine, 21090965.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21090965/
Cowan AJ, Green DJ, Kwok M, Lee S, Coffey DG, Holmberg LA, et al. (2022). Diagnosis and Management of Multiple Myeloma: A Review. JAMA, 35103762.
Q.
What is the M band, and what does it indicate in multiple myeloma?
A.
The M band is a marker seen in blood tests that can indicate multiple myeloma, a type of blood cancer. It shows up as a specific band on a test called serum protein electrophoresis.
References:
Jain P, Choudhary R, Harith AK, & Yadav C. (2022). Evaluation of Double M-Band on Serum Protein .... Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB, 35463098.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35463098/
Duggal N, Kumar M, Malhotra P, Jain A, & Aggarwal R. (2025). Occurrence of Monoclonal Band in Alpha Region on .... Indian journal of hematology & blood transfusion : an official journal of Indian Society of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, 39917489.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39917489/
Misra S, Singh A, & Kumar V. (2024). Plasma cell myeloma with double M bands on Serum .... Journal of cancer research and therapeutics, 38102909.
Q.
What is the significance of M protein in multiple myeloma?
A.
M protein is important in multiple myeloma because it helps doctors understand how much cancer is present and how well treatment is working.
References:
Kubicki T, Dytfeld D, Barnidge D, Sakrikar D, Przybyłowicz-Chalecka A, Jamroziak K, et al. (2024). Mass spectrometry-based assessment of M protein in .... Blood, 38713888.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38713888/
Liyasova M, McDonald Z, Taylor P, Gorospe K, Xu X, Yao C, et al. (2021). A Personalized Mass Spectrometry-Based Assay to .... Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 34210683.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34210683/
Guan L, Su W, Zhong J, & Qiu L. (2024). M-protein detection by mass spectrometry for minimal .... Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry, 37924928.
Q.
What role does M protein play in the diagnosis of multiple myeloma?
A.
M protein is a key marker used to diagnose multiple myeloma, a type of blood cancer, by identifying abnormal proteins in the blood.
References:
Brigden ML. (1999). The search for meaning in monoclonal protein. Is it multiple .... Postgraduate medicine, 10456045.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10456045/
Barnidge DR, Tschumper RC, Theis JD, Snyder MR, Jelinek DF, Katzmann JA, et al. (2014). Monitoring M-proteins in patients with multiple myeloma .... Journal of proteome research, 24552626.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24552626/
Kyle RA. (1994). The monoclonal gammopathies. Clinical chemistry, 7955402.
Q.
What should I do if I experience persistent back pain and have multiple myeloma?
A.
If you have persistent back pain and multiple myeloma, it's important to talk to your doctor about your symptoms. They can help determine the cause of your pain and the best treatment options.
References:
Farley T, Stokke J, Goyal K, & DeMicco R. (2024). Chronic Low Back Pain: History, Symptoms .... Life (Basel, Switzerland), 39063567.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39063567/
Maharty DC, Hines SC, & Brown RB. (2024). Chronic Low Back Pain in Adults: Evaluation and .... American family physician, 38574213.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38574213/
Will JS, Bury DC, & Miller JA. (2018). Mechanical Low Back Pain. American family physician, 30252425.
Q.
What strategies can help stop feeling faint from anxiety in multiple myeloma patients?
A.
Feeling faint from anxiety in multiple myeloma patients can be addressed by understanding potential causes like dizziness from medications and posture changes. It's important to consult healthcare providers for personalized strategies.
References:
Smith PF, & Darlington CL. (2010). A possible explanation for dizziness following SSRI .... Acta oto-laryngologica, 20144124.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20144124/
Mathew RJ, Wilson WH, Humphreys D, Lowe JV, & Wiethe KE. (1992). Middle cerebral artery velocity during upright posture after .... Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica, 1529742.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1529742/
İpek S, Yurttutan S, Güllü UU, Dalkıran T, Acıpayam C, & Doğaner A. (2021). Is N95 face mask linked to dizziness and headache?. International archives of occupational and environmental health, 33646335.
Q.
What stretches can help reduce low back pain for those diagnosed with multiple myeloma?
A.
Gentle stretching exercises can help reduce low back pain, even for those with multiple myeloma. It's important to focus on safe and effective stretches to avoid injury.
References:
Khalil TM, Asfour SS, Martinez LM, Waly SM, Rosomoff RS, & Rosomoff HL. (1992). Stretching in the rehabilitation of low-back pain patients. Spine, 1533060.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1533060/
Chen HM, Wang HH, Chen CH, & Hu HM. (2014). Effectiveness of a stretching exercise program on low back .... Pain management nursing : official journal of the American Society of Pain Management Nurses, 23266331.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23266331/
Pourahmadi M, Hesarikia H, Keshtkar A, Zamani H, Bagheri R, Ghanjal A, & Shamsoddini A. (2019). Effectiveness of Slump Stretching on Low Back Pain. Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.), 30590849.
Q.
Which blood test is used to check for iron deficiency anemia in multiple myeloma patients?
A.
To check for iron deficiency anemia in multiple myeloma patients, doctors often use blood tests like serum ferritin and reticulocyte hemoglobin content (CHr).
References:
Naghii MR, & Fouladi AI. (2006). Correct assessment of iron depletion and iron deficiency .... Nutrition and health, 16859176.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16859176/
Higgins C. (1995). Deficiency testing for iron, vitamin B12 and folate. Nursing times, 7603852.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7603852/
Stoffman N, Brugnara C, & Woods ER. (2005). An algorithm using reticulocyte hemoglobin content (CHr) .... The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine, 15909357.
Q.
Why is the condition referred to as multiple myeloma?
A.
Multiple myeloma is named for the multiple areas of bone marrow affected by cancerous plasma cells, which are a type of white blood cell.
References:
Kyle RA, & Steensma DP. (2011). History of multiple myeloma. Recent results in cancer research. Fortschritte der Krebsforschung. Progres dans les recherches sur le cancer, 21509678.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21509678/
Kane SF. (2020). Bone Tumors: Multiple Myeloma. FP essentials, 32573185.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32573185/
Kehrer M, Koob S, Strauss A, Wirtz DC, & Schmolders J. (2017). [Multiple Myeloma - Current Status in Diagnostic Testing .... Zeitschrift fur Orthopadie und Unfallchirurgie, 28806822.
Q.
Why might someone with multiple myeloma experience lightheadedness when standing up after sitting?
A.
Someone with multiple myeloma might feel lightheaded when standing up because of a condition called orthostatic hypotension, where blood pressure drops when changing positions.
References:
Gibson JS, Hunter CB, & Hewitt LA. (2020). A Call to Action: The Role of Healthcare Providers in .... Neurology and therapy, 32720118.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32720118/
Amjad FS, & Beinart SC. (2021). A Collaboration Between Cardiology and Neurology. Neurology and therapy, 34494209.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34494209/
Santos AD, Mathew PK, Hilal A, & Wallace WA. (1981). Orthostatic hypotension: a commonly unrecognized cause .... The American journal of medicine, 7304644.
Q.
Why might someone with multiple myeloma feel faint after eating?
A.
Someone with multiple myeloma might feel faint after eating due to changes in blood pressure or heart-related issues that can affect how blood flows in the body.
References:
Peng AW, Appel LJ, Mueller NT, Tang O, Miller ER 3rd, & Juraschek SP. (2019). Effects of sodium intake on postural lightheadedness. Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.), 30690866.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30690866/
Newton JL. (2010). Systemic symptoms in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Digestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland), 20460914.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20460914/
Amjad FS, & Beinart SC. (2021). A Collaboration Between Cardiology and Neurology. Neurology and therapy, 34494209.
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Rajkumar, S. V. (2022). Multiple myeloma: 2022 update on diagnosis, risk stratification, and management. American Journal of Hematology.
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ajh.26590Padala, S. A., Barsouk, A., Barsouk, A., Rawla, P., & Vakiti, A. (2021). Epidemiology, staging, and management of multiple myeloma. Medical.
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3271/9/1/3Rajkumar, S. V., & Kumar, S. (2020). Multiple myeloma current treatment algorithms. Blood Cancer Journal.
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41408-020-00359-2/1000