Knee Pain
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Try one of these related symptoms.
Have knee pain
Pain behind the knee
Knee swelling
Knee pain when crouching
Knee pain with numbness or tingling in the same leg
Pain when I press the knee
Inner knee pain
Knee injury
Aching in the knee cap
Painful knee when going down stairs
Knee region burning sensation
Unable to put pressure on the knees
About the Symptom
Knee pain can be throughout the joint, in the front, back, either or both sides. The pain may be pressing, sharp or dull in nature.
When to See a Doctor
Seek professional care if you experience any of the following symptoms
- Violaceous / purpuric rash
- Easy bruising
- Vomiting of blood
- Melena (black stools)
- Recent weight loss
- Numbness / sensory disorder
Possible Causes
Generally, Knee pain can be related to:
- Osteoarthritis (OA)
Wear and tear of the joint cartilage over time. Risk factors include repetitive joint movements and carrying heavy loads for many years.
- Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
A chronic inflammatory disease where the body's immune system attacks multiple joints, most commonly in the hands and feet. The cause and trigger is unknown.
- Gout / Pseudogout
Gout and pseudogout are diseases caused by inflammation and crystal accumulation in the joints. Gout results from uric acid crystals, while pseudogout stems from calcium pyrophosphate crystals. Both are marked by sudden, painful swelling in one or more joints. Gout attacks can be triggered by eating purine-rich foods like seafood, alcohol, and red meat, while pseudogout may be due to joint injury, surgery, or immune issues.
- Osteonecrosis
- Lumbar Vertebrae Disk Herniation
- Lumbar Spondylosis
- Osteoporosis
Hypophosphatasia (HPP)
Related Serious Diseases
Sometimes, Knee pain may be related to these serious diseases:
- Septic Arthritis
Septic arthritis is an infection of a joint space. This can be caused by a wound that penetrates the joint allowing bacteria to enter, complications following surgery, or by bacteria traveling from distant sites via the bloodstream into the joint.
- Decompression Sickness
Doctor's Diagnostic Questions
Your doctor may ask these questions to check for this symptom:
- Are you experiencing knee pain?
- Do you have pain when pressing around your knee?
- Do you have pain behind your knees?
- When did you first notice your knee pain?
- On a scale of 1 to 10, how severe was your knee pain at its worst?
Reviewed By:
Kent C Doan, MD (Orthopedics)
Dr Doan Graduated from the University of Missouri Kansas City School of Medicine and completed residency training in Orthopedic Surgery at the University of Colorado. He completed additional fellowship training in Orthopedic Sports Medicine at the prestigious Steadman Clinic and Steadman Philippon Research Institute in Vail, Colorado. He is a practicing Orthopedic Surgeon who specializes in complex and revision knee and shoulder surgery at the Kansas City Orthopedic Institute. He also holds an assistant professorship at the University of Kansas City.
Tomohiro Hamahata, MD (Orthopedics)
Dr. Hamahata graduated from the Jikei University of Medical Science. After working at Asanokawa General Hospital and Kosei Chuo Hospital, he joined the Department of Orthopedics at Asakusa Hospital in April 2021, specializing in general orthopedics and joint replacement surgery.
Content updated on Jan 29, 2025
Following the Medical Content Editorial Policy
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People with similar symptoms also use Ubie's symptom checker to find possible causes
- My knees don't bend due to both pains
- Starting to walk causes knee pain, but it goes away with more walking
- Need some help getting up from a chair because the knees hurt
- Knee is swollen and the skin is red and hurts
- Red, painful skin over the knee with swelling
- Feeling pain when pressing around the knee
- Can't squat properly because of knee pain
- Stinging or tingling around the knee
- Knee pain with swelling and redness
- Feel tight in the back of the knee
- Outer side of the knee hurts
- Knee aches on the inner side
- Pain in both knees
- Knee does not bend due to left pain
- Knee hurts when I start walking, then gets better as I walk more
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FAQs
Q.
How Long Does It Typically Take for Knee Pain to Resolve?
A.
Knee pain can get better in a few weeks for some people, but for others it might last much longer. The time needed to feel better depends on the cause of the pain and the treatments used.
References:
Collins JE, Yang YH, Opare-Addo MB, Losina E. Quantifying sustained pain worsening in knee osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2023 Jun;31(6):802-808. doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2023.03.012. Epub 2023 Apr 5. PMID: 37024069; PMCID: PMC10200767.
Lespasio MJ, Piuzzi NS, Husni ME, Muschler GF, Guarino A, Mont MA. Knee Osteoarthritis: A Primer. Perm J. 2017;21:16-183. doi: 10.7812/TPP/16-183. PMID: 29035179; PMCID: PMC5638628.
Hunter CW, Deer TR, Jones MR, Chang Chien GC, D'Souza RS, Davis T, Eldon ER, Esposito MF, Goree JH, Hewan-Lowe L, Maloney JA, Mazzola AJ, Michels JS, Layno-Moses A, Patel S, Tari J, Weisbein JS, Goulding KA, Chhabra A, Hassebrock J, Wie C, Beall D, Sayed D, Strand N. Consensus Guidelines on Interventional Therapies for Knee Pain (STEP Guidelines) from the American Society of Pain and Neuroscience. J Pain Res. 2022 Sep 8;15:2683-2745. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S370469. PMID: 36132996; PMCID: PMC9484571.
Q.
What Could Cause Numbness and Tingling in the Knee?
A.
Numbness and tingling in the knee can be due to problems with the nerves, often related to conditions like osteoarthritis or issues with nerves such as the common peroneal nerve.
References:
Fernandes GS, Valdes AM, Walsh DA, Zhang W, Doherty M. Neuropathic-like knee pain and associated risk factors: a cross-sectional study in a UK community sample. Arthritis Res Ther. 2018 Sep 27;20(1):215. doi: 10.1186/s13075-018-1717-6. PMID: 30261907; PMCID: PMC6161431.
Capodici A, Hagert E, Darrach H, Curtin C. An overview of common peroneal nerve dysfunction and systematic assessment of its relation to falls. Int Orthop. 2022 Dec;46(12):2757-2763. doi: 10.1007/s00264-022-05593-w. Epub 2022 Sep 28. PMID: 36169699; PMCID: PMC9674763.
Polat CS, Doğan A, Sezgin Özcan D, Köseoğlu BF, Koçer Akselim S. Is There a Possible Neuropathic Pain Component in Knee Osteoarthritis? Arch Rheumatol. 2017 Apr 24;32(4):333-338. doi: 10.5606/ArchRheumatol.2017.6006. PMID: 29901006; PMCID: PMC5868471.
Q.
What Could Be the Causes of Knee Pain When Bending?
A.
Knee pain when bending can be caused by various factors, including injuries, degenerative conditions, and structural abnormalities. Identifying the specific cause is essential for effective treatment and management.
References:
Kuwabara A, Fredericson M. Narrative: Review of Anterior Knee Pain Differential Diagnosis (Other than Patellofemoral Pain). Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2021 Jun;14(3):232-238. doi: 10.1007/s12178-021-09704-9. Epub 2021 Apr 5. PMID: 33818700; PMCID: PMC8137785.
Calmbach WL, Hutchens M. Evaluation of patients presenting with knee pain: Part II. Differential diagnosis. Am Fam Physician. 2003 Sep 1;68(5):917-22. PMID: 13678140.
Duong V, Oo WM, Ding C, Culvenor AG, Hunter DJ. Evaluation and Treatment of Knee Pain: A Review. JAMA. 2023 Oct 24;330(16):1568-1580. doi: 10.1001/jama.2023.19675. PMID: 37874571.
Atanda A Jr, Ruiz D, Dodson CC, Frederick RW. Approach to the active patient with chronic anterior knee pain. Phys Sportsmed. 2012 Feb;40(1):41-50. doi: 10.3810/psm.2012.02.1950. PMID: 22508250.
Q.
What Could Cause Knee Swelling Without Pain?
A.
Knee swelling without pain can happen because of things like bursitis or a build‐up of fluid from mild joint changes, rather than a strongly inflamed joint.
References:
Updated 2023 Jun 26]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507884/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507884/
Updated 2024 Feb 28]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK547722/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK547722/
Updated 2023 Aug 7]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK542164/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK542164/
Updated 2023 Jul 24]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513340/
Q.
How Effective Is a Knee Compression Sleeve for Reducing Swelling?
A.
Knee compression sleeves can help reduce knee swelling by applying steady pressure that may aid in reducing fluid buildup and pain. Their effectiveness varies depending on how they are used and the specific condition being treated.
References:
Munk S, Jensen NJ, Andersen I, Kehlet H, Hansen TB. Effect of compression therapy on knee swelling and pain after total knee arthroplasty. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2013 Feb;21(2):388-92. doi: 10.1007/s00167-012-1963-0. Epub 2012 Mar 28. PMID: 22453307.
Sari Z, Aydoğdu O, Demirbüken İ, Yurdalan SU, Polat MG. A Better Way to Decrease Knee Swelling in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis: A Single-Blind Randomised Controlled Trial. Pain Res Manag. 2019 May 2;2019:8514808. doi: 10.1155/2019/8514808. PMID: 31191790; PMCID: PMC6525802.
Mohd Sharif NA, Goh SL, Usman J, Wan Safwani WKZ. Biomechanical and functional efficacy of knee sleeves: A literature review. Phys Ther Sport. 2017 Nov;28:44-52. doi: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2017.05.001. Epub 2017 May 6. PMID: 28673759.
Q.
Why Does Knee Pain Occur When Walking Down Stairs?
A.
Knee pain when walking down stairs happens because the knee joint, especially the area behind the kneecap, experiences extra pressure during stair descent. This extra stress can cause pain, particularly if there is cartilage wear or joint damage.
References:
Igawa T, Katsuhira J. Biomechanical analysis of stair descent in patients with knee osteoarthritis. J Phys Ther Sci. 2014 May;26(5):629-31. doi: 10.1589/jpts.26.629. Epub 2014 May 29. PMID: 24926119; PMCID: PMC4047219.
Updated 2023 Apr 22]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459195/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459195/
Özkan Ö, Babayeva N, Torgutalp ŞŞ, Kara ÖS, Dönmez G, Korkusuz F. Pain during walking and ascending stairs before hyaluronic acid injection was common in patients with knee osteoarthritis: a qualitative study. Turk J Med Sci. 2021 Apr 30;51(2):693-699. doi: 10.3906/sag-2007-248. PMID: 33244944; PMCID: PMC8203138.
Manske RC, Davies GJ. EXAMINATION OF THE PATELLOFEMORAL JOINT. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2016 Dec;11(6):831-853. PMID: 27904788; PMCID: PMC5095938.
Q.
What Might Prevent Me From Putting Pressure on a Bent Knee?
A.
Pain, swelling, joint instability, or muscle problems from injuries can make it hard to put pressure on a bent knee. These issues often make the knee feel weak or hurt when you try to use it.
References:
InformedHealth.org](http://informedhealth.org/) [Internet]. Cologne, Germany: Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG); 2006-. In brief: How does the knee work? [Updated 2024 Mar 8]. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK561512/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK561512/
Yamamoto H, Okamatsu S, Kitagawa K, Wada C. Effect of Knee Orthosis Pressure Variation on Muscle Activities during Sit-to-Stand Motion in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jan 25;19(3):1341. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19031341. PMID: 35162362; PMCID: PMC8835671.
Updated 2023 Nov 17]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499848/
Q.
What Could Cause an Inability to Put Pressure on the Kneecap?
A.
Difficulty putting pressure on the kneecap may occur when the kneecap isn’t moving correctly; this might be due to instability or damage to the cartilage behind the kneecap. Bursitis or tendinitis of the knee may also contribute to this problem.
References:
Kelly MA, Insall JN. Historical perspectives of chondromalacia patellae. Orthop Clin North Am. 1992 Oct;23(4):517-21. PMID: 1408036.
Updated 2023 Sep 4]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482427/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482427/
Updated 2023 Sep 4]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482427/
Q.
What Are the Potential Causes of Knee Swelling and Pain?
A.
Knee swelling and pain can happen because of injuries, infections, arthritis, or overuse issues like bursitis.
References:
Updated 2024 Feb 26]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532279/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532279/
Gupte C, St Mart JP. The acute swollen knee: diagnosis and management. J R Soc Med. 2013 Jul;106(7):259-68. doi: 10.1177/0141076813482831. PMID: 23821708; PMCID: PMC3704066.
Duong V, Oo WM, Ding C, Culvenor AG, Hunter DJ. Evaluation and Treatment of Knee Pain: A Review. JAMA. 2023 Oct 24;330(16):1568-1580. doi: 10.1001/jama.2023.19675. PMID: 37874571.
Updated 2024 Jan 4]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557508/
Q.
Can Knee Pain Lead to Numbness in the Leg?
A.
Yes, knee problems can sometimes cause numbness in the leg because nerves near the knee may become irritated or injured, leading to numbness or tingling sensations.
References:
Lezak B, Massel DH, Varacallo MA. Peroneal Nerve Injury. [Updated 2024 Feb 25]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549859/
Polat CS, Doğan A, Sezgin Özcan D, Köseoğlu BF, Koçer Akselim S. Is There a Possible Neuropathic Pain Component in Knee Osteoarthritis? Arch Rheumatol. 2017 Apr 24;32(4):333-338. doi: 10.5606/ArchRheumatol.2017.6006. PMID: 29901006; PMCID: PMC5868471.
Kulshrestha V, Sood M, Kumar S, Kumar P, Stanley A, Padhi PP, Sharma S. Numbness Following Total Knee Arthroplasty: Role of Incision Length And Position - A Randomized Study. Clin Orthop Surg. 2023 Feb;15(1):59-70. doi: 10.4055/cios21140. Epub 2022 Nov 30. PMID: 36778989; PMCID: PMC9880504.
Shetty T, Nguyen JT, Sasaki M, Wu A, Bogner E, Burge A, Cogsil T, Dalal A, Halvorsen K, Cummings K, Su EP, Lyman S. Risk factors for acute nerve injury after total knee arthroplasty. Muscle Nerve. 2018 Jun;57(6):946-950. doi: 10.1002/mus.26045. Epub 2018 Mar 12. PMID: 29266269; PMCID: PMC5951729.
Q.
How Can a Knee Pain Injury Chart Help in Diagnosis of Knee Injury?
A.
A knee pain injury chart helps doctors see where you feel pain on your knee and match it up with possible injuries, which makes it easier to decide if you need tests like an x-ray or MRI.
References:
Orlando Júnior N, de Souza Leão MG, de Oliveira NH. Diagnosis of knee injuries: comparison of the physical examination and magnetic resonance imaging with the findings from arthroscopy. Rev Bras Ortop. 2015 Oct 19;50(6):712-9. doi: 10.1016/j.rboe.2015.10.007. PMID: 27218085; PMCID: PMC4867911
Rhon DI, Yuan X, Barlow BT, Konitzer LN, Cook CE. Use of Non-Specific Knee Diagnoses and Incidence of Obscure Knee Injuries in a Large Government Health System. Clin Epidemiol. 2022 Oct 7;14:1123-1133. doi: 10.2147/CLEP.S375040. PMID: 36237824; PMCID: PMC9552676.
Shetty ND, Dhande R, Unadkat BS, Parihar P. A Comprehensive Review on the Diagnosis of Knee Injury by Deep Learning-Based Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Cureus. 2023 Sep 21;15(9):e45730. doi: 10.7759/cureus.45730. PMID: 37868582; PMCID: PMC10590246.
Thirumaran AJ, Deveza LA, Atukorala I, Hunter DJ. Assessment of Pain in Osteoarthritis of the Knee. J Pers Med. 2023 Jul 14;13(7):1139. doi: 10.3390/jpm13071139. PMID: 37511752; PMCID: PMC10381750.
Q.
What Could Cause an Inability to Put Pressure on the Knee?
A.
Many things like fluid build-up in the knee (knee effusion) and joint wear and tear (osteoarthritis) can make it hard to put pressure on the knee.
References:
Updated 2024 Feb 26]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532279/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532279/
Lespasio MJ, Piuzzi NS, Husni ME, Muschler GF, Guarino A, Mont MA. Knee Osteoarthritis: A Primer. Perm J. 2017;21:16-183. doi: 10.7812/TPP/16-183. PMID: 29035179; PMCID: PMC5638628.
Thirumaran AJ, Deveza LA, Atukorala I, Hunter DJ. Assessment of Pain in Osteoarthritis of the Knee. J Pers Med. 2023 Jul 14;13(7):1139. doi: 10.3390/jpm13071139. PMID: 37511752; PMCID: PMC10381750.
Q.
How Can an Inner Knee Pain Location Chart Aid in Diagnosis?
A.
An inner knee pain location chart helps doctors see exactly where the pain is, which can point to problems like arthritis or a meniscal tear. It guides further tests and supports a more accurate diagnosis.
References:
Riddle DL, Makowski M. Knee Pain Patterns and Associations with Pain and Function in Persons with or at Risk for Symptomatic Radiographic Osteoarthritis: A Cross-sectional Analysis. J Rheumatol. 2015 Dec;42(12):2398-403. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.150545. Epub 2015 Nov 15. PMID: 26568598; PMCID: PMC4668229.
Thirumaran AJ, Deveza LA, Atukorala I, Hunter DJ. Assessment of Pain in Osteoarthritis of the Knee. J Pers Med. 2023 Jul 14;13(7):1139. doi: 10.3390/jpm13071139. PMID: 37511752; PMCID: PMC10381750.
Updated 2023 Jul 17]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK431067/
Q.
What Might Cause Inner Knee Pain While Running?
A.
Inner knee pain while running can come from problems like runner's knee (patellofemoral pain syndrome) or inner knee tissue stress from overstriding.
References:
Johar SK. Medial knee pain in a runner: a case report. Sports Health. 2010 Jul;2(4):318-20. doi: 10.1177/1941738110365137. PMID: 23015954; PMCID: PMC3445093.
Fisher R, Nye NS, Soles J, Waldhelm A, Gottfredson R. Overstride-Induced Medial Knee Desmopathy: An Exploration Case Series. J Athl Train. 2020 Dec 1;55(12):1255-1261. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-0099.20. PMID: 33196795; PMCID: PMC7740061.
InformedHealth.org](http://informedhealth.org/) [Internet]. Cologne, Germany: Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG); 2006-. Overview: Patellofemoral pain syndrome (runner’s knee) [Updated 2024 Jan 30]. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK561507/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK561507/
Updated 2023 Feb 13]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557657/
Q.
What Could Prevent Me From Putting Pressure on My Knee When Kneeling?
A.
Problems like knee arthritis, tendinitis, recent knee surgery, or an inflamed bursa (a fluid-filled sac that cushions the knee) can make it hard to press on your knee when you kneel.
References:
InformedHealth.org](http://informedhealth.org/) [Internet]. Cologne, Germany: Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG); 2006-. Osteoarthritis of the knee: Learn More – What can you do to strengthen your knees? [Updated 2024 May 15]. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544978/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544978/
Wylde V, Artz N, Howells N, Blom AW. Kneeling ability after total knee replacement. EFORT Open Rev. 2019 Jul 7;4(7):460-467. doi: 10.1302/2058-5241.4.180085. PMID: 31423329; PMCID: PMC6667980.
Updated 2024 Jan 4]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557508/
Q.
Why Does Inner Knee Pain Occur When Bending the Knee?
A.
Inner knee pain when bending can happen because the tissues and nerves on the inside of the knee get stressed from repeated bending or due to wear and tear, such as in osteoarthritis or saphenous neuritis.
References:
Virayavanich W, Alizai H, Baum T, Nardo L, Nevitt MC, Lynch JA, McCulloch CE, Link TM. Association of frequent knee bending activity with focal knee lesions detected with 3T magnetic resonance imaging: data from the osteoarthritis initiative. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2013 Sep;65(9):1441-8. doi: 10.1002/acr.22017. PMID: 23554229; PMCID: PMC4118638.
Morganti CM, McFarland EG, Cosgarea AJ. Saphenous neuritis: a poorly understood cause of medial knee pain. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2002 Mar-Apr;10(2):130-7. doi: 10.5435/00124635-200203000-00008. PMID: 11929207.
Updated 2023 Jun 26]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507884/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507884/
Berteau JP. Knee Pain from Osteoarthritis: Pathogenesis, Risk Factors, and Recent Evidence on Physical Therapy Interventions. J Clin Med. 2022 Jun 7;11(12):3252. doi: 10.3390/jcm11123252. PMID: 35743322; PMCID: PMC9224572.
Q.
What Could Cause a Burning Sensation Inside the Knee?
A.
A burning feeling inside the knee could come from nerve irritation or an inflamed fluid sac (bursitis), or tendinitis or arthritis. It may be linked to conditions that cause nerve changes or inflammation in the knee.
References:
Fernandes GS, Valdes AM, Walsh DA, Zhang W, Doherty M. Neuropathic-like knee pain and associated risk factors: a cross-sectional study in a UK community sample. Arthritis Res Ther. 2018 Sep 27;20(1):215. doi: 10.1186/s13075-018-1717-6. PMID: 30261907; PMCID: PMC6161431.
Updated 2024 Jan 4]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557508/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557508/
Kuwabara A, Fredericson M. Narrative: Review of Anterior Knee Pain Differential Diagnosis (Other than Patellofemoral Pain). Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2021 Jun;14(3):232-238. doi: 10.1007/s12178-021-09704-9. Epub 2021 Apr 5. PMID: 33818700; PMCID: PMC8137785.
Kuwabara A, Fredericson M. Narrative: Review of Anterior Knee Pain Differential Diagnosis (Other than Patellofemoral Pain). Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2021 Jun;14(3):232-238. doi: 10.1007/s12178-021-09704-9. Epub 2021 Apr 5. PMID: 33818700; PMCID: PMC8137785
Q.
What Are the Common Causes of Knee Swelling?
A.
Knee swelling can happen for many reasons such as injuries, arthritis, or infections. Often, problems with the knee joint's soft tissues or bones lead to swelling.
References:
Tan JB, Sim YXA, How CH, Loh SYJ. Generalised knee swelling in adults. Singapore Med J. 2022 Apr;63(4):187-191. doi: 10.11622/smedj.2022054. PMID: 35698425; PMCID: PMC9251264.
Mistovich RJ, O'Toole PO, Chauvin NA, Wilkins BJ, Ganley TJ. Left knee pain and bilateral knee swelling in an adolescent. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2014 Nov;472(11):3591-8. doi: 10.1007/s11999-014-3883-4. Epub 2014 Aug 28. PMID: 25163688; PMCID: PMC4182385.
Das D, Sallomi DF, Howlett DC. A case of chronic knee pain and swelling. Br J Radiol. 2011 Jan;84(997):92-5. doi: 10.1259/bjr/24552351. PMID: 21172970; PMCID: PMC3473812.
Q.
What Can Cause Pain When Pressing on the Inside of the Knee?
A.
Pain when pressing on the inside of the knee can be caused by inflammation or irritation of tissues like a bursa or nerve, such as in pes anserine bursitis or saphenous neuritis.
References:
Lerew S, Stoker S, Nallamothu S. The Rules of Four: A Systematic Approach to Diagnosing Common Musculoskeletal Conditions of the Knee. Spartan Med Res J. 2020 Jan 30;4(2):11765. doi: 10.51894/001c.11765. PMID: 33655173; PMCID: PMC7746119.
Duong V, Oo WM, Ding C, Culvenor AG, Hunter DJ. Evaluation and Treatment of Knee Pain: A Review. JAMA. 2023 Oct 24;330(16):1568-1580. doi: 10.1001/jama.2023.19675. PMID: 37874571.
Morganti CM, McFarland EG, Cosgarea AJ. Saphenous neuritis: a poorly understood cause of medial knee pain. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2002 Mar-Apr;10(2):130-7. doi: 10.5435/00124635-200203000-00008. PMID: 11929207.
Updated 2024 Jan 29]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532941/
Q.
What Could Cause Knee Pain When Walking?
A.
Knee pain when walking can come from different causes, such as joint damage, extra weight, and health conditions like diabetes. These factors can change how the knee feels while you move.
References:
Alenazi AM, Alshehri MM, Alothman S, Alqahtani BA, Rucker J, Sharma NK, Bindawas SM, Kluding PM. The Association of Diabetes With Knee Pain Locations, Pain While Walking, and Walking Speed: Data From the Osteoarthritis Initiative. Phys Ther. 2020 Oct 30;100(11):1977-1986. doi: 10.1093/ptj/pzaa144. PMID: 32750122; PMCID: PMC7596886.
Frilander H, Viikari-Juntura E, Heliövaara M, Mutanen P, Mattila VM, Solovieva S. Obesity in early adulthood predicts knee pain and walking difficulties among men: A life course study. Eur J Pain. 2016 Sep;20(8):1278-87. doi: 10.1002/ejp.852. Epub 2016 Mar 21. PMID: 26996726.
Farrokhi S, Chen YF, Piva SR, Fitzgerald GK, Jeong JH, Kwoh CK. The Influence of Knee Pain Location on Symptoms, Functional Status, and Knee-related Quality of Life in Older Adults With Chronic Knee Pain: Data From the Osteoarthritis Initiative. Clin J Pain. 2016 Jun;32(6):463-70. doi: 10.1097/AJP.0000000000000291.
Q.
What Should I Do When My Knee Starts to Hurt?
A.
When your knee hurts, it may help to rest, ice, and protect it, and if the pain keeps coming back or gets worse, you should talk to your doctor.
References:
Updated 2023 Jun 26]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507884/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507884/
Updated 2024 Feb 26]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532279/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532279/
InformedHealth.org](http://informedhealth.org/) [Internet]. Cologne, Germany: Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG); 2006-. Overview: Patellofemoral pain syndrome (runner’s knee) [Updated 2024 Jan 30]. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK561507/
Q.
What Could Cause Knee Pain When Moving It in a Particular Way?
A.
Knee pain with a certain movement can happen because parts of the knee—like the cartilage, ligaments, or tendons—might be worn down, inflamed, or injured. This can occur with conditions such as tendinitis, osteoarthritis, patellofemoral pain syndrome, or injury-related issues.
References:
Berteau JP. Knee Pain from Osteoarthritis: Pathogenesis, Risk Factors, and Recent Evidence on Physical Therapy Interventions. J Clin Med. 2022 Jun 7;11(12):3252. doi: 10.3390/jcm11123252. PMID: 35743322; PMCID: PMC9224572.
Duong V, Oo WM, Ding C, Culvenor AG, Hunter DJ. Evaluation and Treatment of Knee Pain: A Review. JAMA. 2023 Oct 24;330(16):1568-1580. doi: 10.1001/jama.2023.19675. PMID: 37874571.
D'Ambrosi R, Meena A, Raj A, Ursino N, Hewett TE. Anterior Knee Pain: State of the Art. Sports Med Open. 2022 Jul 30;8(1):98. doi: 10.1186/s40798-022-00488-x. PMID: 35907139; PMCID: PMC9339054.
Q.
What Causes Pain on the Inside of the Knee?
A.
Pain on the inside of the knee can be caused by conditions like saphenous neuritis, pes anserine bursitis, or medial plica syndrome.
References:
Morganti CM, McFarland EG, Cosgarea AJ. Saphenous neuritis: a poorly understood cause of medial knee pain. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2002 Mar-Apr;10(2):130-7. doi: 10.5435/00124635-200203000-00008. PMID: 11929207.
Updated 2024 Jan 29]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532941/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532941/
Bellary SS, Lynch G, Housman B, Esmaeili E, Gielecki J, Tubbs RS, Loukas M. Medial plica syndrome: a review of the literature. Clin Anat. 2012 May;25(4):423-8. doi: 10.1002/ca.21278. PMID: 22331585.
Duong V, Oo WM, Ding C, Culvenor AG, Hunter DJ. Evaluation and Treatment of Knee Pain: A Review. JAMA. 2023 Oct 24;330(16):1568-1580. doi: 10.1001/jama.2023.19675. PMID: 37874571.
Q.
Why Might Knee Pain Worsen at Night?
A.
Knee pain can feel worse at night because natural body changes—like increased inflammation, joint stiffness from less movement, and poor sleep quality—can make pain signals seem stronger.
References:
Dai Z, Neogi T, Brown C, Nevitt M, Lewis CE, Torner J, Felson DT. Sleep Quality Is Related to Worsening Knee Pain in Those with Widespread Pain: The Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study. J Rheumatol. 2020 Jul 1;47(7):1019-1025. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.181365. Epub 2019 Nov 15. PMID: 31732550; PMCID: PMC7225049.
Roizenblatt M, Rosa Neto NS, Tufik S, Roizenblatt S. Pain-related diseases and sleep disorders. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2012 Sep;45(9):792-8. doi: 10.1590/s0100-879x2012007500110. Epub 2012 Jul 5. PMID: 22760852; PMCID: PMC3854323.
Lee NK, Won SJ, Lee JY, Kang SB, Yoo SY, Chang CB. Presence of Night Pain, Neuropathic Pain, or Depressive Disorder Does Not Adversely Affect Outcomes After Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Prospective Cohort Study. J Korean Med Sci. 2022 Nov 7;37(43):e309. doi: 10.3346/jkms.2022.37.e309. PMID: 36345255; PMCID: PMC9641149.
Dai Z, Neogi T, Brown C, Nevitt M, Lewis CE, Torner J, Felson DT. Sleep Quality Is Related to Worsening Knee Pain in Those with Widespread Pain: The Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study. J Rheumatol. 2020 Jul 1;47(7):1019-1025. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.181365. Epub 2019 Nov 15. PMID: 31732550; PMCID: PMC7225049.
Q.
What Could Cause Pain in the Kneecap When Pressure Is Applied?
A.
Kneecap pain from pressure can be caused by patellar tendinitis, patellofemoral pain syndrome (also called runner’s knee), patellar malalignment (when the kneecap does not move correctly), or chondromalacia patella (when the cartilage under the kneecap weakens)
References:
InformedHealth.org](http://informedhealth.org/) [Internet]. Cologne, Germany: Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG); 2006-. Overview: Patellofemoral pain syndrome (runner’s knee) [Updated 2024 Jan 30]. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK561507/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK561507/
Updated 2023 Feb 13]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557657/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557657/
Wu CC. Patellar malalignment: A common disorder associated with knee pain. Biomed J. 2023 Oct;46(5):100658. doi: 10.1016/j.bj.2023.100658. Epub 2023 Sep 5. PMID: 37678711; PMCID: PMC10550501.
Updated 2023 Apr 22]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459195/
Q.
What Could Cause Pain When Twisting the Knee?
A.
Pain when twisting the knee may be caused by injuries to important knee structures such as the anterior cruciate ligament, lateral collateral ligament, or irritation of a small fold of tissue called a plica.
References:
Gupte C, St Mart JP. The acute swollen knee: diagnosis and management. J R Soc Med. 2013 Jul;106(7):259-68. doi: 10.1177/0141076813482831. PMID: 23821708; PMCID: PMC3704066.
Updated 2023 Nov 17]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499848/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499848/
Updated 2023 Apr 10]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK535362/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK535362/
Yaras RJ, O'Neill N, Mabrouk A, et al. Lateral Collateral Ligament Knee Injury. [Updated 2024 Feb 27]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK560847/
Q.
Why Does Knee Pain Occur When Squatting?
A.
Knee pain during squatting can happen because the movement puts extra pressure on the knee joint, especially behind the kneecap, which may lead to irritation or strain.
References:
Pereira PM, Baptista JS, Conceição F, Duarte J, Ferraz J, Costa JT. Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome Risk Associated with Squats: A Systematic Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jul 28;19(15):9241. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19159241. PMID: 35954598; PMCID: PMC9367913.
Amin S, Goggins J, Niu J, Guermazi A, Grigoryan M, Hunter DJ, Genant HK, Felson DT. Occupation-related squatting, kneeling, and heavy lifting and the knee joint: a magnetic resonance imaging-based study in men. J Rheumatol. 2008 Aug;35(8):1645-9. Epub 2008 Jul 1. PMID: 18597397; PMCID: PMC2758236.
Rojas-Jaramillo A, Cuervo-Arango DA, Quintero JD, Ascuntar-Viteri JD, Acosta-Arroyave N, Ribas-Serna J, González-Badillo JJ, Rodríguez-Rosell D. Impact of the deep squat on articular knee joint structures, friend or enemy? A scoping review. Front Sports Act Living. 2024 Nov 19;6:1477796. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2024.1477796. PMID: 39640505; PMCID: PMC11618833.
Q.
What Might Cause Knee Pain When Pressed On?
A.
Knee pain you feel when pressing on it might come from problems like bursitis, tendinitis, arthritis, extra fluid build-up, or injured tissues around the knee.
References:
Duong V, Oo WM, Ding C, Culvenor AG, Hunter DJ. Evaluation and Treatment of Knee Pain: A Review. JAMA. 2023 Oct 24;330(16):1568-1580. doi: 10.1001/jama.2023.19675. PMID: 37874571.
Updated 2024 Feb 26]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532279/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532279/
Updated 2023 Jun 26]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507884/
Q.
What Could Cause Pain Below the Kneecap?
A.
Pain below the kneecap can come from a few different problems, such as patellofemoral syndrome or issues with the cartilage under the kneecap. Other causes include overuse, misalignment of the kneecap, and sometimes inflammation of the tendons or bursae around the knee.
References:
Bump JM, Lewis L. Patellofemoral Syndrome. [Updated 2023 Feb 13]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557657/
Aysin IK, Askin A, Mete BD, Guvendi E, Aysin M, Kocyigit H. Investigation of the Relationship between Anterior Knee Pain and Chondromalacia Patellae and Patellofemoral Malalignment. Eurasian J Med. 2018 Feb;50(1):28-33. doi: 10.5152/eurasianjmed.2018.17277. Epub 2018 Feb 1. PMID: 29531488; PMCID: PMC5843449.
Kuwabara A, Fredericson M. Narrative: Review of Anterior Knee Pain Differential Diagnosis (Other than Patellofemoral Pain). Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2021 Jun;14(3):232-238. doi: 10.1007/s12178-021-09704-9. Epub 2021 Apr 5. PMID: 33818700; PMCID: PMC8137785.
Q.
How Can I Safely Resume Workouts After a Knee Injury?
A.
Before resuming workouts after a knee injury, it’s important to get a doctor’s or physical therapist’s okay and start slowly with exercises that help rebuild strength without causing pain.
References:
Delaloye JR, Murar J, Sánchez MG, Saithna A, Ouanezar H, Thaunat M, Vieira TD, Sonnery-Cottet B. How to Rapidly Abolish Knee Extension Deficit After Injury or Surgery: A Practice-Changing Video Pearl From the Scientific Anterior Cruciate Ligament Network International (SANTI) Study Group. Arthrosc Tech. 2018 May 7;7(6):e601-e605. doi: 10.1016/j.eats.2018.02.006. PMID: 30013901; PMCID: PMC6019855.
Kew ME, Cavanaugh JT, Elnemer WG, Marx RG. Return to Play after Posterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2022 Dec;15(6):606-615. doi: 10.1007/s12178-022-09794-z. Epub 2022 Nov 30. PMID: 36447081; PMCID: PMC9789230.
Filbay SR, Grindem H. Evidence-based recommendations for the management of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2019 Feb;33(1):33-47. doi: 10.1016/j.berh.2019.01.018. Epub 2019 Feb 21. PMID: 31431274; PMCID: PMC6723618.
Buckthorpe M, La Rosa G, Villa FD. RESTORING KNEE EXTENSOR STRENGTH AFTER ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RECONSTRUCTION: A CLINICAL COMMENTARY. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2019 Feb;14(1):159-172. PMID: 30746302; PMCID: PMC6350662.
Q.
What Could Cause Numbness on the Side of the Knee?
A.
Numbness on the side of the knee can happen when small skin nerves are hurt, especially during knee surgery like a knee replacement or high tibial osteotomy.
References:
Black R, Green C, Sochart D. Postoperative numbness of the knee following total knee arthroplasty. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2013 Nov;95(8):565-8. doi: 10.1308/rcsann.2013.95.8.565. PMID: 24165337; PMCID: PMC4311531.
Phruetthiphat OA, Apinyankul R, Chanpoo M, Chotanaphuti T, Kosuwan W, Callaghan JJ. Anterior skin numbness after total knee arthroplasty: A prospective comparison study between diabetic and non-diabetic patients. J Orthop. 2020 Mar 25;22:12-16. doi: 10.1016/j.jor.2020.03.017. PMID: 32273667; PMCID: PMC7132145.
Tanavalee A, Limtrakul A, Veerasethsiri P, Amarase C, Ngarmukos S. Area of Skin Numbness After Total Knee Arthroplasty: Does Minimally Invasive Approach Make Any Difference From Standard Approach? J Arthroplasty. 2016 Nov;31(11):2499-2503. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2016.04.002. Epub 2016 Apr 15. PMID: 27184467.
Kim KI, Juh HS, Kim GB, Lee SH. Lateral numbness in the lower leg: An underestimated complication following medial open-wedge high tibial osteotomy. Knee. 2019 Oct;26(5):1041-1048. doi: 10.1016/j.knee.2019.07.002. Epub 2019 Jul 23. PMID: 31350156.
Q.
What Might Cause Tingling in the Left Knee?
A.
Tingling in one knee may be caused by irritation or injury to nearby nerves, such as the peroneal or saphenous nerve. It may also be due to surgery or pressure on the nerve.
References:
Updated 2024 Feb 25]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549859/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549859/
Black R, Green C, Sochart D. Postoperative numbness of the knee following total knee arthroplasty. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2013 Nov;95(8):565-8. doi: 10.1308/rcsann.2013.95.8.565. PMID: 24165337; PMCID: PMC4311531.
Morganti CM, McFarland EG, Cosgarea AJ. Saphenous neuritis: a poorly understood cause of medial knee pain. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2002 Mar-Apr;10(2):130-7. doi: 10.5435/00124635-200203000-00008. PMID: 11929207.
Kulshrestha V, Sood M, Kumar S, Kumar P, Stanley A, Padhi PP, Sharma S. Numbness Following Total Knee Arthroplasty: Role of Incision Length And Position - A Randomized Study. Clin Orthop Surg. 2023 Feb;15(1):59-70. doi: 10.4055/cios21140. Epub 2022 Nov 30. PMID: 36778989; PMCID: PMC9880504.
Q.
What Are the Possible Reasons for Side Knee Pain?
A.
Side knee pain can come from issues with the iliotibial band, soft tissue injuries around the knee, or even problems linked to knee surgery.
References:
Khaund R, Flynn SH. Iliotibial band syndrome: a common source of knee pain. Am Fam Physician. 2005 Apr 15;71(8):1545-50. PMID: 15864895
Winslow J. Treatment of lateral knee pain using soft tissue mobilization in four female triathletes. Int J Ther Massage Bodywork. 2014 Sep 3;7(3):25-31. PMID: 25184012; PMCID: PMC4145001.
Cheppalli NS, Purudappa PP, Price R, Kolwadkar Y, Metikala S. Isolated lateral-sided knee pain in total knee arthroplasty. A review. Orthop Rev (Pavia). 2024 Mar 17;16:93014. doi: 10.52965/001c.93014. PMID: 38505137; PMCID: PMC10950199.
English S, Perret D. Posterior knee pain. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2010 Jun 12;3(1-4):3-10. doi: 10.1007/s12178-010-9057-4. PMID: 21063493; PMCID: PMC2941578.
Q.
What Might Cause Pain Behind the Knee?
A.
Pain behind the knee can come from many sources, with one common cause being a Baker’s cyst—a fluid-filled swelling that forms behind the knee. Injuries, arthritis, and nerve irritations may also lead to pain in that area.
References:
Updated 2023 Aug 4]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430774/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430774/
Morganti CM, McFarland EG, Cosgarea AJ. Saphenous neuritis: a poorly understood cause of medial knee pain. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2002 Mar-Apr;10(2):130-7. doi: 10.5435/00124635-200203000-00008. PMID: 11929207.
Dulay GS, Cooper C, Dennison EM. Knee pain, knee injury, knee osteoarthritis & work. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2015 Jun;29(3):454-61. doi: 10.1016/j.berh.2015.05.005. Epub 2015 Jun 9. PMID: 26612241.
Q.
What Could Cause Numbness in the Right Knee?
A.
Numbness in one knee may occur when a nerve is injured or compressed. This can happen from trauma, surgery, or conditions that compress on nerves that surround the knee area.
References:
Updated 2024 Feb 25]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549859/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549859/
Black R, Green C, Sochart D. Postoperative numbness of the knee following total knee arthroplasty. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2013 Nov;95(8):565-8. doi: 10.1308/rcsann.2013.95.8.565. PMID: 24165337; PMCID: PMC4311531.
Lee JH, Jun JB, Lee HS, Yun HR, Choi CH, Park SB, Hong EK, Yoo DH, Kim SY. Posterior tibial neuropathy by a Baker's cyst: case report. Korean J Intern Med. 2000 Jan;15(1):96-8. doi: 10.3904/kjim.2000.15.1.96. PMID: 10714101; PMCID: PMC4531743.
Blikman T, Rienstra W, van Raay JJAM, Dijkstra B, Bulstra SK, Stevens M, van den Akker-Scheek I. Neuropathic-like symptoms and the association with joint-specific function and quality of life in patients with hip and knee osteoarthritis. PLoS One. 2018 Jun 14;13(6):e0199165. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199165. PMID: 29902245; PMCID: PMC6002060
Q.
What Might Cause Tingling in the Right Knee?
A.
Tingling in one knee can happen when nerves are irritated or injured, and it may be related to conditions like knee injury, tendinitis, surgery, or arthritis.
References:
Fernandes GS, Valdes AM, Walsh DA, Zhang W, Doherty M. Neuropathic-like knee pain and associated risk factors: a cross-sectional study in a UK community sample. Arthritis Res Ther. 2018 Sep 27;20(1):215. doi: 10.1186/s13075-018-1717-6. PMID: 30261907; PMCID: PMC6161431.
Szwedowski D, Ambroży J, Grabowski R, Dallo I, Mobasheri A. Diagnosis and treatment of the most common neuropathies following knee injuries and reconstructive surgery - A narrative review. Heliyon. 2021 Sep 22;7(9):e08032. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08032. PMID: 34611563; PMCID: PMC8477214.
Blikman T, Rienstra W, van Raay JJAM, Dijkstra B, Bulstra SK, Stevens M, van den Akker-Scheek I. Neuropathic-like symptoms and the association with joint-specific function and quality of life in patients with hip and knee osteoarthritis. PLoS One. 2018 Jun 14;13(6):e0199165. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199165. PMID: 29902245; PMCID: PMC6002060.
Q.
What Are the Common Symptoms of a Knee Injury?
A.
Common knee injury symptoms include pain, swelling, warmth, redness of the overlying skin, and trouble moving or bearing weight on the knee.
References:
Updated 2023 Nov 17]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499848/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499848/
Updated 2023 Jun 26]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507884/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507884/
Khaund R, Flynn SH. Iliotibial band syndrome: a common source of knee pain. Am Fam Physician. 2005 Apr 15;71(8):1545-50. PMID: 15864895.
Updated 2023 Aug 8]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430726/
Q.
How Can a Knee Brace Help Alleviate Knee Pain?
A.
A knee brace helps by keeping the knee joint stable and lessening the strain on painful areas. It provides support, gentle compression, and improved alignment to reduce knee pain.
References:
Paluska SA, McKeag DB. Knee braces: current evidence and clinical recommendations for their use. Am Fam Physician. 2000 Jan 15;61(2):411-8, 423-4. PMID: 10670507.
Kemker BP 3rd, Kankaria R, Patel N, Golladay G. Hip and Knee Bracing: Categorization, Treatment Algorithm, and Systematic Review. J Am Acad Orthop Surg Glob Res Rev. 2021 Jun 7;5(6):e20.00181-12. doi: 10.5435/JAAOSGlobal-D-20-00181. PMID: 34096901; PMCID: PMC8189624.
Dzidotor GK, Moorhead JB Jr, Ude CC, Ogueri KS, Ghosh D, Laurencin CT. Functions and Effectiveness of Unloader, Patellofemoral, and Knee Sleeve Orthoses: A Review. Regen Eng Transl Med. 2024 Jun;10(2):147-171. doi: 10.1007/s40883-023-00313-1. Epub 2023 Jul 28. PMID: 38983777; PMCID: PMC11233114.
Q.
What Could Cause a Burning Sensation in the Knee at Night?
A.
A burning knee can sometimes be caused by tendinitis or arthritis flares or nerve-related conditions like erythromelalgia, which may be more noticeable at night.
References:
InformedHealth.org](http://informedhealth.org/) [Internet]. Cologne, Germany: Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG); 2006-. Overview: Osteoarthritis of the knee. [Updated 2024 May 15]. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544982/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544982/
Murphy SL, Lyden AK, Kratz AL, Fritz H, Williams DA, Clauw DJ, Gammaitoni AR, Phillips K. Characterizing Pain Flares From the Perspective of Individuals With Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2015 Aug;67(8):1103-11. doi: 10.1002/acr.22545. PMID: 25580697; PMCID: PMC4641239.
Updated 2023 May 1]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557787/
Q.
When Should I Be Concerned about a Swollen Knee?
A.
You should be concerned about a swollen knee if you have signs of infection, severe pain, or difficulty moving the joint, or if the swelling comes on suddenly after an injury.
References:
Updated 2024 Feb 26]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532279/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532279/
Tan JB, Sim YXA, How CH, Loh SYJ. Generalised knee swelling in adults. Singapore Med J. 2022 Apr;63(4):187-191. doi: 10.11622/smedj.2022054. PMID: 35698425; PMCID: PMC9251264.
Thomas CS, Schiffman CJ, Faino A, Bompadre V, Schmale GA. Diagnostic Criteria for the Painful Swollen Pediatric Knee: Distinguishing Septic Arthritis From Aseptic Effusion in a Non-Lyme Endemic Area. Front Surg. 2021 Nov 1;8:740285. doi: 10.3389/fsurg.2021.740285. PMID: 34790694; PMCID: PMC8591062.
Tanaka S, Nishigami T, Ohishi K, Nishikawa K, Wand BM, Stanton TR, Yamashita H, Mibu A, Tokunaga M, Yoshimoto T, Ushida T. "But it feels swollen!": the frequency and clinical characteristics of people with knee osteoarthritis who report subjective knee swelling in the absence of objective swelling. Pain Rep. 2021 Nov 8;6(4):e971. doi: 10.1097/PR9.0000000000000971. PMID: 34765853; PMCID: PMC8577815.
Q.
What Could Cause Sharp Knee Pain When Descending Stairs?
A.
Sharp knee pain when going down stairs can sometimes occur because of problems with the kneecap and its cartilage, like patellofemoral syndrome or chondromalacia patella.
References:
Gupte C, St Mart JP. The acute swollen knee: diagnosis and management. J R Soc Med. 2013 Jul;106(7):259-68. doi: 10.1177/0141076813482831. PMID: 23821708; PMCID: PMC3704066.
Updated 2023 Feb 13]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557657/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557657/
Updated 2023 Apr 22]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459195/
Q.
What Could Cause Knee Pain Accompanied by Numbness in the Leg and Foot?
A.
Knee pain with numbness in the leg and foot can sometimes happen if a nearby nerve, like the tibial nerve, is irritated or compressed.
References:
Fernandes GS, Valdes AM, Walsh DA, Zhang W, Doherty M. Neuropathic-like knee pain and associated risk factors: a cross-sectional study in a UK community sample. Arthritis Res Ther. 2018 Sep 27;20(1):215. doi: 10.1186/s13075-018-1717-6. PMID: 30261907; PMCID: PMC6161431.
Lew JT, Stearns M. Tibial Neuropathy. [Updated 2023 Jun 26]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK582151/
Szwedowski D, Ambroży J, Grabowski R, Dallo I, Mobasheri A. Diagnosis and treatment of the most common neuropathies following knee injuries and reconstructive surgery - A narrative review. Heliyon. 2021 Sep 22;7(9):e08032. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08032. PMID: 34611563; PMCID: PMC8477214.
Drăghici NC, Văcăraș V, Bolchis R, Bashimov A, Domnița DM, Iluț S, Popa LL, Lupescu TD, Mureșanu DF. Diagnostic Approach to Lower Limb Entrapment Neuropathies: A Narrative Literature Review. Diagnostics (Basel). 2023 Nov 4;13(21):3385. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics13213385. PMID: 37958280; PMCID: PMC10647627.
Q.
Why Does Knee Pain Occur When Squatting and Climbing Stairs?
A.
Knee pain during squatting and climbing stairs often happens because these activities put extra pressure on the front of the knee (the patellofemoral area), which can irritate the joint and soft tissues.
References:
van der Heijden RA, Lankhorst NE, van Linschoten R, Bierma-Zeinstra SM, van Middelkoop M. Exercise for treating patellofemoral pain syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Jan 20;1(1):CD010387. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD010387.pub2. PMID: 25603546; PMCID: PMC10898323.
Pereira PM, Baptista JS, Conceição F, Duarte J, Ferraz J, Costa JT. Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome Risk Associated with Squats: A Systematic Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jul 28;19(15):9241. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19159241. PMID: 35954598; PMCID: PMC9367913.
Sisk D, Fredericson M. Update of Risk Factors, Diagnosis, and Management of Patellofemoral Pain. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2019 Dec;12(4):534-541. doi: 10.1007/s12178-019-09593-z. PMID: 31773479; PMCID: PMC6942114.
Smith BE, Selfe J, Thacker D, Hendrick P, Bateman M, Moffatt F, Rathleff MS, Smith TO, Logan P. Incidence and prevalence of patellofemoral pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2018 Jan 11;13(1):e0190892. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190892. PMID: 29324820; PMCID: PMC5764329.
Q.
What Might Cause Pain Behind the Knee and Calf After Sitting?
A.
Pain behind the knee and in the calf after sitting can be caused by a fluid-filled bump known as a Baker's cyst, muscle or vein discomfort from prolonged sitting, or less commonly, inflammation of a small bursa near the knee called Pes Anserine bursitis.
References:
Updated 2023 Aug 4]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430774/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430774/
Okino K, Aoki M, Yamane M, Kataoka Y, Nitta A, Kohmura C. Prolonged Sitting Causes Leg Discomfort in Middle Aged Adults: Evaluation of Shear Wave Velocity, Calf Circumference, and Discomfort Questionaries. J Clin Med. 2022 Jul 12;11(14):4024. doi: 10.3390/jcm11144024. PMID: 35887787; PMCID: PMC9320137.
Updated 2024 Jan 29]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532941/
Q.
What Could Cause Pain at the Top of the Knee When Bending?
A.
One possible cause is synovial plica syndrome, where a fold in the knee’s membrane becomes irritated, but other issues like past injuries or early osteoarthritis can also lead to pain at the top of the knee when bending.
References:
Lee PYF, Nixion A, Chandratreya A, Murray JM. Synovial Plica Syndrome of the Knee: A Commonly Overlooked Cause of Anterior Knee Pain. Surg J (N Y). 2017 Feb 15;3(1):e9-e16. doi: 10.1055/s-0037-1598047. PMID: 28825013; PMCID: PMC5553487.
Updated 2024 Jan 29]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532941/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532941/
Driban JB, Lo GH, Eaton CB, Price LL, Lu B, McAlindon TE. Knee Pain and a Prior Injury Are Associated with Increased Risk of a New Knee Injury: Data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative. J Rheumatol. 2015 Aug;42(8):1463-9. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.150016. Epub 2015 Jun 1. PMID: 26034152; PMCID: PMC4522334.
Updated 2023 Jun 26]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507884/
Q.
What Are the Visual Signs of a Swollen Knee?
A.
A swollen knee can look puffy and bigger than usual with a bulging outline. It may also have a stretched, shiny appearance around the joint. You should see a doctor immediately if you have this symptom as it may be due to an infection in the knee.
References:
Tanaka S, Nishigami T, Ohishi K, Nishikawa K, Wand BM, Stanton TR, Yamashita H, Mibu A, Tokunaga M, Yoshimoto T, Ushida T. "But it feels swollen!": the frequency and clinical characteristics of people with knee osteoarthritis who report subjective knee swelling in the absence of objective swelling. Pain Rep. 2021 Nov 8;6(4):e971. doi: 10.1097/PR9.0000000000000971. PMID: 34765853; PMCID: PMC8577815.
Mistovich RJ, O'Toole PO, Chauvin NA, Wilkins BJ, Ganley TJ. Left knee pain and bilateral knee swelling in an adolescent. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2014 Nov;472(11):3591-8. doi: 10.1007/s11999-014-3883-4. Epub 2014 Aug 28. PMID: 25163688; PMCID: PMC4182385.
Elsawy NA, Ibrahiem AH, Younis GA, Meheissen MA, Abdel-Fattah YH. Clinical examination, ultrasound assessment and aspiration of knee effusion in primary knee osteoarthritis patients. J Orthop Surg Res. 2023 Jun 10;18(1):422. doi: 10.1186/s13018-023-03891-6. PMID: 37301888; PMCID: PMC10257372.
Q.
What Might Cause Knee Swelling After Running?
A.
Knee swelling after running may be caused by overuse injuries such as patellofemoral pain syndrome (runner’s knee), patellar tendonitis (jumper’s knee), or early signs of osteoarthritis. These conditions can lead to inflammation and fluid buildup in the knee joint.
References:
Tan JB, Sim YXA, How CH, Loh SYJ. Generalised knee swelling in adults. Singapore Med J. 2022 Apr;63(4):187-191. doi: 10.11622/smedj.2022054. PMID: 35698425; PMCID: PMC9251264.
InformedHealth.org](http://informedhealth.org/) [Internet]. Cologne, Germany: Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG); 2006-. Overview: Patellofemoral pain syndrome (runner’s knee) [Updated 2024 Jan 30]. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK561507/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK561507/
Santana JA, Mabrouk A, Sherman AL. Jumpers Knee. [Updated 2023 Apr 22]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532969/
Dhillon J, Kraeutler MJ, Belk JW, Scillia AJ, McCarty EC, Ansah-Twum JK, McCulloch PC. Effects of Running on the Development of Knee Osteoarthritis: An Updated Systematic Review at Short-Term Follow-up. Orthop J Sports Med. 2023 Mar 1;11(3):23259671231152900. doi: 10.1177/23259671231152900. PMID: 36875337; PMCID: PMC9983113.
Q.
Why Does Knee Pain Occur When Squatting and Standing Up?
A.
Knee pain during squatting and standing up often happens because of extra pressure on the kneecap and surrounding tissues due to how the knee joint moves and muscle forces are applied during these actions.
References:
Pereira PM, Baptista JS, Conceição F, Duarte J, Ferraz J, Costa JT. Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome Risk Associated with Squats: A Systematic Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jul 28;19(15):9241. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19159241. PMID: 35954598; PMCID: PMC9367913.
Lee D, Lee S, Park J. Impact of decline-board squat exercises and knee joint angles on the muscle activity of the lower limbs. J Phys Ther Sci. 2015 Aug;27(8):2617-9. doi: 10.1589/jpts.27.2617. Epub 2015 Aug 21. PMID: 26357447; PMCID: PMC4563327.
Straub RK, Powers CM. A Biomechanical Review of the Squat Exercise: Implications for Clinical Practice. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2024 Apr 1;19(4):490-501. doi: 10.26603/001c.94600. PMID: 38576836; PMCID: PMC10987311.
Q.
What Could Cause Knee Pain When Pressure Is Applied?
A.
Knee pain when pressure is applied may be caused by various issues such as inflammation, infection, injury, or swelling of the tissues around the knee, including conditions like patellofemoral pain syndrome, arthritis, meniscal injury, or knee effusion.
References:
D'Ambrosi R, Meena A, Raj A, Ursino N, Hewett TE. Anterior Knee Pain: State of the Art. Sports Med Open. 2022 Jul 30;8(1):98. doi: 10.1186/s40798-022-00488-x. PMID: 35907139; PMCID: PMC9339054.
Vanneste T, Belba A, Oei GTML, Emans P, Fonkoue L, Kallewaard JW, Kapural L, Peng P, Sommer M, Vanneste B, Cohen SP, Van Zundert J. 9. Chronic knee pain. Pain Pract. 2025 Jan;25(1):e13408. doi: 10.1111/papr.13408. Epub 2024 Sep 1. PMID: 39219017; PMCID: PMC11680467.
Updated 2024 Feb 26]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532279/
Q.
What Might Cause Lower Inner Knee Pain?
A.
Lower inner knee pain can be caused by inflammation of the bursa (small fluid-filled sac) near the inner knee known as pes anserine bursitis, or by irritation of the saphenous nerve (saphenous neuritis).
References:
Updated 2024 Jan 29]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532941/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532941/
Morganti CM, McFarland EG, Cosgarea AJ. Saphenous neuritis: a poorly understood cause of medial knee pain. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2002 Mar-Apr;10(2):130-7. doi: 10.5435/00124635-200203000-00008. PMID: 11929207.
English S, Perret D. Posterior knee pain. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2010 Jun 12;3(1-4):3-10. doi: 10.1007/s12178-010-9057-4. PMID: 21063493; PMCID: PMC2941578.
Q.
What Treatments Are Available for Inner Knee Pain?
A.
Inner knee pain can be treated with non-surgical options like exercise, weight loss, and medications as well as more advanced treatments such as injections or surgery if needed.
References:
Updated 2023 Jun 26]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507884/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507884/
Fulkerson JP. Diagnosis and treatment of patients with patellofemoral pain. Am J Sports Med. 2002 May-Jun;30(3):447-56. doi: 10.1177/03635465020300032501. PMID: 12016090.
Mintarjo JA, Poerwanto E, Tedyanto EH. Current Non-surgical Management of Knee Osteoarthritis. Cureus. 2023 Jun 26;15(6):e40966. doi: 10.7759/cureus.40966. PMID: 37503484; PMCID: PMC10370281.
Q.
What Exercises Can Help Relieve Inner Knee Pain?
A.
Exercises that focus on strengthening, stretching, and low-impact activities can help relieve inner knee pain. These exercises target the muscles that support the knee and improve stability and flexibility.
References:
InformedHealth.org](http://informedhealth.org/) [Internet]. Cologne, Germany: Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG); 2006-. Osteoarthritis of the knee: Learn More – What can you do to strengthen your knees? [Updated 2024 May 15]. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544978/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544978/
Vincent KR, Vincent HK. Resistance exercise for knee osteoarthritis. PM R. 2012 May;4(5 Suppl):S45-52. doi: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2012.01.019. PMID: 22632702; PMCID: PMC3635671.
Bennell KL, Nelligan RK, Kimp AJ, Schwartz S, Kasza J, Wrigley TV, Metcalf B, Hodges PW, Hinman RS. What type of exercise is most effective for people with knee osteoarthritis and co-morbid obesity?: The TARGET randomized controlled trial. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2020 Jun;28(6):755-765. doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2020.02.838. Epub 2020 Mar 19. PMID: 32200051.
Luan L, El-Ansary D, Adams R, Wu S, Han J. Knee osteoarthritis pain and stretching exercises: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Physiotherapy. 2022 Mar;114:16-29. doi: 10.1016/j.physio.2021.10.001. Epub 2021 Oct 11. PMID: 35091326.
Q.
Is Swelling Normal Two Years After Knee Replacement Surgery?
A.
It is not common to have noticeable swelling two years after knee replacement. While some mild changes can happen over time, lasting or increasing swelling should be checked by a doctor.
References:
Zi Jie SS, Lau Cheng Kiang A, Lee Yee Han D. Recurrent Hemarthrosis After Total Knee Arthroplasty. Arthroplast Today. 2021 Jun 1;9:101-105. doi: 10.1016/j.artd.2021.04.010. PMID: 34141845; PMCID: PMC8184407.
Lotz B, Palmer A, Deo SD. Beware of the hot swollen calf following knee replacement surgery: it might not be a deep vein thrombosis. BMJ Case Rep. 2019 Nov 21;12(11):e227830. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2018-227830. PMID: 31753818; PMCID: PMC6887406.
Yang L, Wu BY, Wang CF, Li HW, Bian WW, Ruan H. Indicators and medical tests to identify lower limb swelling causes after total knee arthroplasty: a Delphi study with multidisciplinary experts. J Orthop Surg Res. 2023 Aug 5;18(1):573. doi: 10.1186/s13018-023-03980-6. PMID: 37543607; PMCID: PMC10403920.
Q.
What Could Cause Pain on the Inner Side of the Knee?
A.
Pain on the inner side of the knee can come from a few things, like inflammation of a small fluid sac (pes anserine bursitis), irritation of a nerve (saphenous neuritis), or a small tear in the knee’s inner structures (meniscocapsular separation).
References:
Updated 2024 Jan 29]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532941/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532941/
Morganti CM, McFarland EG, Cosgarea AJ. Saphenous neuritis: a poorly understood cause of medial knee pain. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2002 Mar-Apr;10(2):130-7. doi: 10.5435/00124635-200203000-00008. PMID: 11929207.
Hetsroni I, Lillemoe K, Marx RG. Small medial meniscocapsular separations: a potential cause of chronic medial-side knee pain. Arthroscopy. 2011 Nov;27(11):1536-42. doi: 10.1016/j.arthro.2011.06.025. Epub 2011 Sep 19. PMID: 21937194.
Q.
Why Does Pain Occur at the Top of the Knee When Squatting?
A.
Pain at the top of the knee when squatting can happen because the knee’s soft tissues and bones get extra pressure or are not moving the right way during the exercise.
References:
Kuwabara A, Fredericson M. Narrative: Review of Anterior Knee Pain Differential Diagnosis (Other than Patellofemoral Pain). Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2021 Jun;14(3):232-238. doi: 10.1007/s12178-021-09704-9. Epub 2021 Apr 5. PMID: 33818700; PMCID: PMC8137785.
Pereira PM, Baptista JS, Conceição F, Duarte J, Ferraz J, Costa JT. Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome Risk Associated with Squats: A Systematic Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jul 28;19(15):9241. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19159241. PMID: 35954598; PMCID: PMC9367913.
Straub RK, Powers CM. A Biomechanical Review of the Squat Exercise: Implications for Clinical Practice. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2024 Apr 1;19(4):490-501. doi: 10.26603/001c.94600. PMID: 38576836; PMCID: PMC10987311.
Q.
What Causes Knee Pain When Squatting or Kneeling?
A.
Knee pain when squatting or kneeling is usually caused by extra stress on the knee joint, which over time can lead to wear and tear on the cartilage and joint tissues. This can eventually result in conditions like inflammation or early osteoarthritis.
References:
Amin S, Goggins J, Niu J, Guermazi A, Grigoryan M, Hunter DJ, Genant HK, Felson DT. Occupation-related squatting, kneeling, and heavy lifting and the knee joint: a magnetic resonance imaging-based study in men. J Rheumatol. 2008 Aug;35(8):1645-9. Epub 2008 Jul 1. PMID: 18597397; PMCID: PMC2758236.
Heidari B. Knee osteoarthritis prevalence, risk factors, pathogenesis and features: Part I. Caspian J Intern Med. 2011 Spring;2(2):205-12. PMID: 24024017; PMCID: PMC3766936.
Escamilla RF. Knee biomechanics of the dynamic squat exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2001 Jan;33(1):127-41. doi: 10.1097/00005768-200101000-00020. PMID: 11194098.
Q.
How Can KT Tape Be Used for Inner Knee Pain Relief?
A.
KT tape can be used to help relieve inner knee pain by supporting the knee joint and reducing swelling. It is not a remedy for serious knee injuries alone or for persistent pain or swelling.
References:
Jarecki J, Sobiech M, Turżańska K, Tomczyk-Warunek A, Jabłoński M. A Kinesio Taping Method Applied in the Treatment of Postsurgical Knee Swelling after Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty. J Clin Med. 2021 Jul 4;10(13):2992. doi: 10.3390/jcm10132992. PMID: 34279474; PMCID: PMC8268545.
Mohamed SHP, Alatawi SF. Effectiveness of Kinesio taping and conventional physical therapy in the management of knee osteoarthritis: a randomized clinical trial. Ir J Med Sci. 2023 Oct;192(5):2223-2233. doi: 10.1007/s11845-022-03247-9. Epub 2022 Dec 17. PMID: 36527538; PMCID: PMC10522526.
Campolo M, Babu J, Dmochowska K, Scariah S, Varughese J. A comparison of two taping techniques (kinesio and mcconnell) and their effect on anterior knee pain during functional activities. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2013 Apr;8(2):105-10. PMID: 23593548; PMCID: PMC3625789.
Q.
What Causes Knee Pain When Bending and Straightening the Leg?
A.
Knee pain when bending and straightening can be caused by problems with the tissues around the knee such as the cartilage, tendons, or muscles. It may also be due to conditions like arthritis or issues with the way the kneecap moves.
References:
Duong V, Oo WM, Ding C, Culvenor AG, Hunter DJ. Evaluation and Treatment of Knee Pain: A Review. JAMA. 2023 Oct 24;330(16):1568-1580. doi: 10.1001/jama.2023.19675. PMID: 37874571.
Kuwabara A, Fredericson M. Narrative: Review of Anterior Knee Pain Differential Diagnosis (Other than Patellofemoral Pain). Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2021 Jun;14(3):232-238. doi: 10.1007/s12178-021-09704-9. Epub 2021 Apr 5. PMID: 33818700; PMCID: PMC8137785.
Petersen W, Rembitzki IV, Brüggemann GP, Ellermann A, Best R, Koppenburg AG, Liebau C. Anterior knee pain after total knee arthroplasty: a narrative review. Int Orthop. 2014 Feb;38(2):319-28. doi: 10.1007/s00264-013-2081-4. Epub 2013 Sep 22. PMID: 24057656; PMCID: PMC3923935.
Updated 2023 Apr 10]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554587/
Q.
Why Does Inner Knee Pain Occur When Sleeping?
A.
Inner knee pain during sleep is often linked to joint issues like osteoarthritis and poor sleep quality. The pain can worsen at night due to inflammation, joint pressure, and the body’s reduced distractions from discomfort.
References:
Dai Z, Neogi T, Brown C, Nevitt M, Lewis CE, Torner J, Felson DT. Sleep Quality Is Related to Worsening Knee Pain in Those with Widespread Pain: The Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study. J Rheumatol. 2020 Jul 1;47(7):1019-1025. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.181365. Epub 2019 Nov 15. PMID: 31732550; PMCID: PMC7225049.
Sasaki E, Tsuda E, Yamamoto Y, Maeda S, Inoue R, Chiba D, Okubo N, Takahashi I, Nakaji S, Ishibashi Y. Nocturnal knee pain increases with the severity of knee osteoarthritis, disturbing patient sleep quality. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2014 Jul;66(7):1027-32. doi: 10.1002/acr.22258. PMID: 24470323.
Lapane KL, Shridharmurthy D, Harkey MS, Driban JB, Dubé CE, Liu SH. The relationship between restless sleep and symptoms of the knee: data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative. Clin Rheumatol. 2021 Jun;40(6):2167-2175. doi: 10.1007/s10067-020-05531-4. Epub 2021 Jan 7. PMID: 33411138; PMCID: PMC8127344.
Q.
What Might Cause Pain at the Back of the Knee When Bending?
A.
Pain at the back of the knee when bending can be due to fluid buildup, inflammation, or issues with the muscles and tendons in that area. Often, overuse or repetitive bending can irritate these structures, leading to discomfort.
References:
English S, Perret D. Posterior knee pain. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2010 Jun 12;3(1-4):3-10. doi: 10.1007/s12178-010-9057-4. PMID: 21063493; PMCID: PMC2941578.
Morganti CM, McFarland EG, Cosgarea AJ. Saphenous neuritis: a poorly understood cause of medial knee pain. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2002 Mar-Apr;10(2):130-7. doi: 10.5435/00124635-200203000-00008. PMID: 11929207.
Van Ginckel A, Wittoek R, De Mits S, Calders P. Repetitive Knee Bending and Synovitis in Individuals at Risk of and With Knee Osteoarthritis: Data From the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health Osteoarthritis Biomarkers Consortium. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2019 Oct;71(10):1372-1378. doi: 10.1002/acr.23760. PMID: 30221482; PMCID: PMC6421112.
D'Ambrosi R, Meena A, Raj A, Ursino N, Hewett TE. Anterior Knee Pain: State of the Art. Sports Med Open. 2022 Jul 30;8(1):98. doi: 10.1186/s40798-022-00488-x. PMID: 35907139; PMCID: PMC9339054.
Q.
What Might Cause Pain in the Right Kneecap?
A.
Pain in the right kneecap can be caused by issues like chondromalacia patella, knee osteoarthritis, injuries, or misalignment of the kneecap.
References:
Updated 2023 Apr 22]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459195/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459195/
Updated 2023 Jun 26]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507884/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507884/
InformedHealth.org](http://informedhealth.org/) [Internet]. Cologne, Germany: Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG); 2006-. Overview: Osteoarthritis of the knee. [Updated 2024 May 15]. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544982/
Q.
What Could Cause Knee Pain with Numbness in the Lower Leg?
A.
Knee pain with numbness in the lower leg may be caused by nerve problems. This can happen when nerves, such as the sciatic or peroneal nerve, are compressed or injured.
References:
Updated 2024 Jan 4]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507908/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507908/
Updated 2024 Feb 25]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549859/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549859/
Fairag M, Kurdi R, Alkathiry A, Alghamdi N, Alshehri R, Alturkistany FO, Almutairi A, Mansory M, Alhamed M, Alzahrani A, Alhazmi A. Risk Factors, Prevention, and Primary and Secondary Management of Sciatica: An Updated Overview. Cureus. 2022 Nov 12;14(11):e31405. doi: 10.7759/cureus.31405. PMID: 36514653; PMCID: PMC9743914.
Q.
What Could Cause a Tingling Sensation Along with Knee Pain?
A.
Tingling along with knee pain can be a sign of nerve irritation or neuropathic-like pain, which sometimes happens with knee osteoarthritis and inflammation. This result may occur when the nerves around the knee become overly sensitive or are affected by joint changes.
References:
Previtali D, Capone G, Marchettini P, Candrian C, Zaffagnini S, Filardo G. High Prevalence of Pain Sensitization in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Meta-Analysis with Meta-Regression. Cartilage. 2022 Jan-Mar;13(1):19476035221087698. doi: 10.1177/19476035221087698. PMID: 35356833; PMCID: PMC9137298.
van der Meulen C, van de Stadt LA, Kroon FPB, Kortekaas MC, Boonen AERCH, Böhringer S, Niesters M, Reijnierse M, Rosendaal FR, Riyazi N, Starmans-Kool M, Turkstra F, van Zeben J, Allaart CF, Kloppenburg M. Neuropathic-like pain symptoms in inflammatory hand osteoarthritis lower quality of life and may not decrease under prednisolone treatment. Eur J Pain. 2022 Sep;26(8):1691-1701. doi: 10.1002/ejp.1991. Epub 2022 Jun 24. PMID: 35671123; PMCID: PMC9541664
Menz HB, Allan JJ, Buldt AK, Landorf KB, Cicuttini FM, Roddy E, Munteanu SE. Neuropathic Pain Associated With First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Osteoarthritis: Frequency and Associated Factors. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2023 Oct;75(10):2127-2133. doi: 10.1002/acr.25125. Epub 2023 May 11. PMID: 37013633; PMCID: PMC10952225.
ainese P, Mahieu H, De Mits S, Wittoek R, Stautemas J, Calders P. Associations between markers of inflammation and altered pain perception mechanisms in people with knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review. RMD Open. 2023 May;9(2):e002945. doi: 10.1136/rmdopen-2022-002945. PMID: 37225282; PMCID: PMC10231007.
Q.
What Might Cause Knee Pain When Going Up and Down Stairs?
A.
Knee pain on stairs can be caused by issues like patellofemoral pain syndrome or knee osteoarthritis, which affect the joint and how it moves when you use stairs.
References:
Farrokhi S, Chen YF, Piva SR, Fitzgerald GK, Jeong JH, Kwoh CK. The Influence of Knee Pain Location on Symptoms, Functional Status, and Knee-related Quality of Life in Older Adults With Chronic Knee Pain: Data From the Osteoarthritis Initiative. Clin J Pain. 2016 Jun;32(6):463-70. doi: 10.1097/AJP.0000000000000291. PMID: 26308705; PMCID: PMC4766069.
InformedHealth.org](http://informedhealth.org/) [Internet]. Cologne, Germany: Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG); 2006-. Patellofemoral pain syndrome (runner’s knee): Learn More – How can you relieve pain at the front of the knee? [Updated 2024 Jan 30]. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK561504/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK561504/
Chai Y, Chen J, Hou M, Zheng J, Liu L, Chen Y, Fu S, Ma Y, Hong T, Wang X. Gait strategies for individuals with knee osteoarthritis when transitioning between floor and stair walking. Front Physiol. 2023 Jan 24;14:1026299. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1026299. PMID: 36760532; PMCID: PMC9904770.
Igawa T, Katsuhira J. Biomechanical analysis of stair descent in patients with knee osteoarthritis. J Phys Ther Sci. 2014 May;26(5):629-31. doi: 10.1589/jpts.26.629. Epub 2014 May 29. PMID: 24926119; PMCID: PMC4047219.
Q.
What Could Cause Pain at the Front of the Knee When Going Down Stairs?
A.
Pain at the front of the knee when going down stairs is often due to patellofemoral pain syndrome, a common condition where the kneecap does not move smoothly on the thigh bone. This can be caused by factors such as muscle weakness, improper alignment, overuse, or previous injury.
References:
Updated 2023 Feb 13]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557657/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557657/
Gaitonde DY, Ericksen A, Robbins RC. Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome. Am Fam Physician. 2019 Jan 15;99(2):88-94. PMID: 30633480.
Wu CC. Patellar malalignment: A common disorder associated with knee pain. Biomed J. 2023 Oct;46(5):100658. doi: 10.1016/j.bj.2023.100658. Epub 2023 Sep 5. PMID: 37678711; PMCID: PMC10550501.
Breugem SJ, Haverkamp D. Anterior knee pain after a total knee arthroplasty: What can cause this pain? World J Orthop. 2014 Jul 18;5(3):163-70. doi: 10.5312/wjo.v5.i3.163. PMID: 25035818; PMCID: PMC4095008.
Q.
What Might Cause Pain in the Kneecap When Bending the Knee?
A.
Pain in the kneecap when bending the knee is often caused by patellofemoral pain syndrome (runner’s knee), which happens when tissues around the kneecap become irritated. Other factors like overuse, misalignment, infection, inflammation, or tendon issues may also contribute to the pain.
References:
InformedHealth.org](http://informedhealth.org/) [Internet]. Cologne, Germany: Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG); 2006-. Overview: Patellofemoral pain syndrome (runner’s knee) [Updated 2024 Jan 30]. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK561507/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK561507/
Duong V, Oo WM, Ding C, Culvenor AG, Hunter DJ. Evaluation and Treatment of Knee Pain: A Review. JAMA. 2023 Oct 24;330(16):1568-1580. doi: 10.1001/jama.2023.19675. PMID: 37874571.
Petersen W, Ellermann A, Gösele-Koppenburg A, Best R, Rembitzki IV, Brüggemann GP, Liebau C. Patellofemoral pain syndrome. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2014 Oct;22(10):2264-74. doi: 10.1007/s00167-013-2759-6. Epub 2013 Nov 13. PMID: 24221245; PMCID: PMC4169618.
Q.
What Could Cause Random Episodes of Knee Pain?
A.
Random knee pain can happen when the knee joint feels unstable or when arthritis causes sudden flares. These changes in the knee, sometimes seen in osteoarthritis, may make the joint hurt unexpectedly.
References:
Nevitt MC, Tolstykh I, Shakoor N, Nguyen US, Segal NA, Lewis C, Felson DT; Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study Investigators. Symptoms of Knee Instability as Risk Factors for Recurrent Falls. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2016 Aug;68(8):1089-97. doi: 10.1002/acr.22811. PMID: 26853236; PMCID: PMC4958545.
Collins JE, Yang YH, Opare-Addo MB, Losina E. Quantifying sustained pain worsening in knee osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2023 Jun;31(6):802-808. doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2023.03.012. Epub 2023 Apr 5. PMID: 37024069; PMCID: PMC10200767.
Rayahin JE, Chmiel JS, Hayes KW, Almagor O, Belisle L, Chang AH, Moisio K, Zhang Y, Sharma L. Factors associated with pain experience outcome in knee osteoarthritis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2014 Dec;66(12):1828-35. doi: 10.1002/acr.22402. PMID: 25047144; PMCID: PMC4245457.
Q.
What Could It Indicate If My Knee Hurts When Pressure Is Applied?
A.
When your knee hurts under pressure, it might mean that there’s inflammation, fluid buildup (effusion), or issues with how the kneecap is aligned.
References:
Sylwander C, Larsson I, Haglund E, Bergman S, Andersson MLE. Pressure pain thresholds in individuals with knee pain: a cross-sectional study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2021 Jun 5;22(1):516. doi: 10.1186/s12891-021-04408-0. PMID: 34090387; PMCID: PMC8180166.
Updated 2024 Feb 26]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532279/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532279/
Wu CC. Patellar malalignment: A common disorder associated with knee pain. Biomed J. 2023 Oct;46(5):100658. doi: 10.1016/j.bj.2023.100658. Epub 2023 Sep 5. PMID: 37678711; PMCID: PMC10550501.
InformedHealth.org](http://informedhealth.org/) [Internet]. Cologne, Germany: Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG); 2006-. Overview: Patellofemoral pain syndrome (runner’s knee) [Updated 2024 Jan 30]. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK561507/
Q.
What Might Cause Knee Numbness and Pain When Kneeling?
A.
Knee numbness and pain when kneeling typically occurs due to nerve compression from positioning. These symptoms usually resolve when you change position.
References:
Paczesny L., Zabrzynski J., Kentzer R., Gryckiewicz S., Lewandowski B., Szwedowski D., Kruczynski J. A 10-year follow-up on arthroscopic medial plica syndrome treatments with special reference to related cartilage injuries. Cartilage. 2019 doi: 10.1177/1947603519892310
Gurler D, Buyukceran I. Is the Numbness after Knee Replacement a More Critical Complication Than Thought? A Detailed Analysis of Neuropathic Pain and Functional Outcomes. Medicina (Kaunas). 2022 Sep 29;58(10):1369. doi: 10.3390/medicina58101369. PMID: 36295530; PMCID: PMC9611732.
Hosahalli G, Sierakowski A, Venkatramani H, Sabapathy SR. Entrapment Neuropathy of the Infrapatellar Branch of the Saphenous Nerve: Treated by Partial Division of Sartorius. Indian J Orthop. 2017 Jul-Aug;51(4):474-476. doi: 10.4103/0019-5413.209954. PMID: 28790478; PMCID: PMC5525530.
Q.
How Does IT Band Syndrome Cause Knee Pain?
A.
IT band syndrome causes knee pain by creating friction where the band rubs against the bone at the outside of the knee, leading to irritation and inflammation.
References:
Updated 2023 May 23]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK542185/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK542185/
Fredericson M, Wolf C. Iliotibial band syndrome in runners: innovations in treatment. Sports Med. 2005;35(5):451-9. doi: 10.2165/00007256-200535050-00006. PMID: 15896092.
Khaund R, Flynn SH. Iliotibial band syndrome: a common source of knee pain. Am Fam Physician. 2005 Apr 15;71(8):1545-50. PMID: 15864895.
Charles D, Rodgers C. A LITERATURE REVIEW AND CLINICAL COMMENTARY ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF ILIOTIBIAL BAND SYNDROME IN RUNNERS. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2020 May;15(3):460-470. PMID: 32566382; PMCID: PMC7296998.
Q.
What Stretches Can Help with Knee Pain Relief?
A.
Gentle stretches like quad, hamstring, and calf stretches can help ease knee pain by making the muscles around the knee stronger and more flexible. These exercises may lessen discomfort and improve knee movement.
References:
Zeng CY, Zhang ZR, Tang ZM, Hua FZ. Benefits and Mechanisms of Exercise Training for Knee Osteoarthritis. Front Physiol. 2021 Dec 16;12:794062. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.794062. PMID: 34975542; PMCID: PMC8716769.
InformedHealth.org](http://informedhealth.org/) [Internet]. Cologne, Germany: Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG); 2006-. Osteoarthritis of the knee: Learn More – What can you do to strengthen your knees? [Updated 2024 May 15]. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544978/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544978/
Mo L, Jiang B, Mei T, Zhou D. Exercise Therapy for Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis. Orthop J Sports Med. 2023 Jun 5;11(5):23259671231172773. doi: 10.1177/23259671231172773. PMID: 37346776; PMCID: PMC10280533.
Vincent KR, Vincent HK. Resistance exercise for knee osteoarthritis. PM R. 2012 May;4(5 Suppl):S45-52. doi: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2012.01.019. PMID: 22632702; PMCID: PMC3635671.
Q.
What Exercises Are Recommended for Reducing Knee Pain?
A.
Low‐impact aerobic exercises, resistance training, and balance/flexibility exercises can help reduce knee pain by strengthening muscles and improving joint stability.
References:
Susko AM, Fitzgerald GK. The pain-relieving qualities of exercise in knee osteoarthritis. Open Access Rheumatol. 2013 Oct 15;5:81-91. doi: 10.2147/OARRR.S53974. PMID: 27790027; PMCID: PMC5074793.
Zeng CY, Zhang ZR, Tang ZM, Hua FZ. Benefits and Mechanisms of Exercise Training for Knee Osteoarthritis. Front Physiol. 2021 Dec 16;12:794062. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.794062. PMID: 34975542; PMCID: PMC8716769.
Vincent KR, Vincent HK. Resistance exercise for knee osteoarthritis. PM R. 2012 May;4(5 Suppl):S45-52. doi: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2012.01.019. PMID: 22632702; PMCID: PMC3635671.
Jayabalan P, Ihm J. Rehabilitation Strategies for the Athletic Individual with Early Knee Osteoarthritis. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2016 May-Jun;15(3):177-83. doi: 10.1249/JSR.0000000000000260. PMID: 27172082; PMCID: PMC6784825.
Q.
Why Do I Experience Knee Pain After Running?
A.
Knee pain after running can come from factors like muscle imbalances, stress on the joint, and problems with how the knee moves during running. Simple changes in training, strengthening, and technique may help reduce the pain.
References:
Martinez-Cano JP, Ramos-Rivera JC, Gómez-García J, Casas-Barragán GA, Rosales MC, Escobar-Gonzalez SS. Anterior knee pain in runners after a half-marathon race. J Clin Orthop Trauma. 2021 Oct 16;23:101640. doi: 10.1016/j.jcot.2021.101640. PMID: 34733605; PMCID: PMC8545678.
Dhillon J, Kraeutler MJ, Belk JW, Scillia AJ, McCarty EC, Ansah-Twum JK, McCulloch PC. Effects of Running on the Development of Knee Osteoarthritis: An Updated Systematic Review at Short-Term Follow-up. Orthop J Sports Med. 2023 Mar 1;11(3):23259671231152900. doi: 10.1177/23259671231152900. PMID: 36875337; PMCID: PMC9983113.
Kunene SH, Taukobong NP, Ramklass S. Experiences and rehabilitation needs of runners with anterior knee pain in under-resourced communities in Ekurhuleni, Gauteng, South Africa. S Afr J Sports Med. 2020 Jan 1;32(1):v32i1a6969. doi: 10.17159/2078-516X/2020/v32i1a6969. PMID: 36818977; PMCID: PMC9924559.
Esculier JF, Maggs K, Maggs E, Dubois B. A Contemporary Approach to Patellofemoral Pain in Runners. J Athl Train. 2020 Nov 16;55(12):0. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-0535.19. PMID: 33196837; PMCID: PMC7740062.
Q.
How Can I Quickly Alleviate Knee Pain at Home?
A.
Gentle exercise, stretching, and simple techniques like knee traction and cold therapy can help reduce knee pain at home and improve joint function.
References:
Susko AM, Fitzgerald GK. The pain-relieving qualities of exercise in knee osteoarthritis. Open Access Rheumatol. 2013 Oct 15;5:81-91. doi: 10.2147/OARRR.S53974. PMID: 27790027; PMCID: PMC5074793.
Fransen M, McConnell S, Harmer AR, Van der Esch M, Simic M, Bennell KL. Exercise for osteoarthritis of the knee. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Jan 9;1(1):CD004376. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004376.pub3. Update in: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2024 Dec 3;12:CD004376. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004376.pub4. PMID: 25569281; PMCID: PMC10094004.
Suzuki Y, Iijima H, Tashiro Y, Kajiwara Y, Zeidan H, Shimoura K, Nishida Y, Bito T, Nakai K, Tatsumi M, Yoshimi S, Tsuboyama T, Aoyama T. Home exercise therapy to improve muscle strength and joint flexibility effectively treats pre-radiographic knee OA in community-dwelling elderly: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Rheumatol. 2019 Jan;38(1):133-141. doi: 10.1007/s10067-018-4263-3. Epub 2018 Aug 30. PMID: 30167975; PMCID: PMC6342874.
Tafler L, Ovshaev S, Ayon S, Luu A. A Novel Knee Traction Technique to Treat Chronic Knee Pain. Cureus. 2023 Aug 15;15(8):e43526. doi: 10.7759/cureus.43526. PMID: 37719512; PMCID: PMC10501460.
Q.
Why Might Knee Pain Occur When Bending the Knee?
A.
Knee pain when bending often happens because bending puts pressure on parts of the knee that may already be irritated or inflamed, such as in conditions like anterior knee pain or early osteoarthritis.
References:
Werner S. Anterior knee pain: an update of physical therapy. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2014 Oct;22(10):2286-94. doi: 10.1007/s00167-014-3150-y. Epub 2014 Jul 6. PMID: 24997734.
Updated 2023 Jun 26]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507884/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507884/
Van Ginckel A, Wittoek R, De Mits S, Calders P. Repetitive Knee Bending and Synovitis in Individuals at Risk of and With Knee Osteoarthritis: Data From the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health Osteoarthritis Biomarkers Consortium. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2019 Oct;71(10):1372-1378. doi: 10.1002/acr.23760. PMID: 30221482; PMCID: PMC6421112.
Hensor EM, Dube B, Kingsbury SR, Tennant A, Conaghan PG. Toward a clinical definition of early osteoarthritis: onset of patient-reported knee pain begins on stairs. Data from the osteoarthritis initiative. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2015 Jan;67(1):40-7. doi: 10.1002/acr.22418. PMID: 25074673; PMCID: PMC4296218.
Q.
What Are the Common Treatments for Knee Pain?
A.
Treatments for knee pain include medicines, exercise, injections, and sometimes surgery. These methods help reduce pain, improve movement, and strengthen the knee.
References:
Lundgren-Nilsson Å, Dencker A, Palstam A, Person G, Horton MC, Escorpizo R, Küçükdeveci AA, Kutlay S, Elhan AH, Stucki G, Tennant A, Conaghan PG. Patient-reported outcome measures in osteoarthritis: a systematic search and review of their use and psychometric properties. RMD Open. 2018 Dec 16;4(2):e000715. doi: 10.1136/rmdopen-2018-000715. PMID: 30622735; PMCID: PMC6307597.
Vanneste T, Belba A, Oei GTML, Emans P, Fonkoue L, Kallewaard JW, Kapural L, Peng P, Sommer M, Vanneste B, Cohen SP, Van Zundert J. 9. Chronic knee pain. Pain Pract. 2025 Jan;25(1):e13408. doi: 10.1111/papr.13408. Epub 2024 Sep 1. PMID: 39219017; PMCID: PMC11680467.
Lane NE, Simon LS, Tambiah J. Slow acting medications for progressive and painful knee osteoarthritis. How do we assess the benefit to risk of these potentially novel therapies? Osteoarthr Cartil Open. 2024 Nov 27;7(1):100546. doi: 10.1016/j.ocarto.2024.100546. PMID: 39737142; PMCID: PMC11683324.
Dantas LO, Salvini TF, McAlindon TE. Knee osteoarthritis: key treatments and implications for physical therapy. Braz J Phys Ther. 2021 Mar-Apr;25(2):135-146. doi: 10.1016/j.bjpt.2020.08.004. Epub 2020 Sep 8. PMID: 33262080; PMCID: PMC7990728.
Q.
What Are Effective Methods for Knee Pain Relief?
A.
Effective knee pain relief methods include regular exercise, weight management, physical therapies, and sometimes medications. These methods help improve strength and flexibility while reducing pain and inflammation.
References:
Jones BQ, Covey CJ, Sineath MH Jr. Nonsurgical Management of Knee Pain in Adults. Am Fam Physician. 2015 Nov 15;92(10):875-83. PMID: 26554281.
Corbett MS, Rice SJ, Madurasinghe V, Slack R, Fayter DA, Harden M, Sutton AJ, Macpherson H, Woolacott NF. Acupuncture and other physical treatments for the relief of pain due to osteoarthritis of the knee: network meta-analysis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2013 Sep;21(9):1290-8. doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2013.05.007. PMID: 23973143; PMCID: PMC3769860.
Lim WB, Al-Dadah O. Conservative treatment of knee osteoarthritis: A review of the literature. World J Orthop. 2022 Mar 18;13(3):212-229. doi: 10.5312/wjo.v13.i3.212. PMID: 35317254; PMCID: PMC8935331.
Q.
What Are the Potential Causes of Inner Knee Pain?
A.
Inner knee pain can happen because of cartilage tears, irritated tissues, or nerve issues in the knee.
References:
Hetsroni I, Lillemoe K, Marx RG. Small medial meniscocapsular separations: a potential cause of chronic medial-side knee pain. Arthroscopy. 2011 Nov;27(11):1536-42. doi: 10.1016/j.arthro.2011.06.025. Epub 2011 Sep 19. PMID: 21937194.
Bellary SS, Lynch G, Housman B, Esmaeili E, Gielecki J, Tubbs RS, Loukas M. Medial plica syndrome: a review of the literature. Clin Anat. 2012 May;25(4):423-8. doi: 10.1002/ca.21278. PMID: 22331585.
Morganti CM, McFarland EG, Cosgarea AJ. Saphenous neuritis: a poorly understood cause of medial knee pain. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2002 Mar-Apr;10(2):130-7. doi: 10.5435/00124635-200203000-00008. PMID: 11929207.
Raj MA, Bubnis MA. Knee Meniscal Tears. [Updated 2023 Jul 17]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK431067/
Q.
What Could Cause Pain at the Back of the Knee?
A.
Pain at the back of your knee can be caused by several different issues, including injuries, arthritis, or swelling in the joint.
References:
English S, Perret D. Posterior knee pain. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2010 Jun 12;3(1-4):3-10. doi: 10.1007/s12178-010-9057-4. PMID: 21063493; PMCID: PMC2941578.
Updated 2023 Jun 26]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507884/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507884/
Updated 2024 Feb 26]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532279/
Q.
How Can a Knee Pain Location Chart Help in Diagnosing the Issue?
A.
A knee pain location chart helps doctors see exactly where your knee hurts. This can guide them to figure out what might be causing the pain and choose the right tests and treatments.
References:
Alenazi AM, Alshehri MM, Alothman S, Alqahtani BA, Rucker J, Sharma NK, Bindawas SM, Kluding PM. The Association of Diabetes With Knee Pain Locations, Pain While Walking, and Walking Speed: Data From the Osteoarthritis Initiative. Phys Ther. 2020 Oct 30;100(11):1977-1986. doi: 10.1093/ptj/pzaa144. PMID: 32750122; PMCID: PMC7596886.
Updated 2023 Jan 29]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK556098/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK556098/
Basha MAA, Eldib DB, Aly SA, Azmy TM, Mahmoud NEM, Ghandour TM, Aly T, Mostafa S, Elaidy AM, Algazzar HY. Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography in the assessment of anterior knee pain. Insights Imaging. 2020 Oct 1;11(1):107. doi: 10.1186/s13244-020-00914-2. PMID: 33000350; PMCID: PMC7527384.
Kittelson AJ, Stevens-Lapsley JE, Schmiege SJ. Determination of Pain Phenotypes in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Latent Class Analysis Using Data From the Osteoarthritis Initiative. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2016 May;68(5):612-20. doi: 10.1002/acr.22734. PMID: 26414884; PMCID: PMC5388442.
Q.
What Should I Do If My Urethral Opening Is Itchy?
A.
Keep the area clean and avoid harsh chemicals or soaps, and if the itching continues or is accompanied by pain, discharge, or swelling, it’s best to see a healthcare professional.
References:
InformedHealth.org](http://informedhealth.org/) [Internet]. Cologne, Germany: Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG); 2006-. Overview: Vaginal yeast infection (thrush) [Updated 2022 Apr 4]. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK543220/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK543220/
Updated 2024 Aug 31]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537143/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537143/
Updated 2024 May 6]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK553050/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK553050/
Swamiappan M. Anogenital Pruritus - An Overview. J Clin Diagn Res. 2016 Apr;10(4):WE01-3. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2016/18440.7703. Epub 2016 Apr 1. PMID: 27190932; PMCID: PMC4866230.
Q.
What Are the Most Common Causes of Knee Pain?
A.
Knee pain is usually caused by joint wear and tear, injuries, and inflammation. These issues can come from aging, overuse, or accidents, which can hurt the knee in different ways.
References:
Duong V, Oo WM, Ding C, Culvenor AG, Hunter DJ. Evaluation and Treatment of Knee Pain: A Review. JAMA. 2023 Oct 24;330(16):1568-1580. doi: 10.1001/jama.2023.19675. PMID: 37874571.
Bunt CW, Jonas CE, Chang JG. Knee Pain in Adults and Adolescents: The Initial Evaluation. Am Fam Physician. 2018 Nov 1;98(9):576-585. PMID: 30325638.
Vanneste T, Belba A, Oei GTML, Emans P, Fonkoue L, Kallewaard JW, Kapural L, Peng P, Sommer M, Vanneste B, Cohen SP, Van Zundert J. 9. Chronic knee pain. Pain Pract. 2025 Jan;25(1):e13408. doi: 10.1111/papr.13408. Epub 2024 Sep 1. PMID: 39219017; PMCID: PMC11680467.
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Ubie’s symptom checker demonstrated a Top-10 hit accuracy of 71.6%, surpassing the performance of several leading symptom checkers in the market, which averaged around 60% accuracy in similar assessments.
Link to full study:
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.08.29.24312810v1References
NHS
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/knee-pain/Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons ():10.5435/JAAOS-D-23-00342, August 21, 2023. | DOI: 10.5435/JAAOS-D-23-00342